Transcript CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

HUMAN BODY
SYSTEMS
Connections between Systems
• The Respiratory, Digestive and Circulatory Systems all work
together to deliver oxygen and food molecules (glucose) to the cells
of your body.
• Cellular Respiration occurs and energy is produced.
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
• These 3 systems also work together to remove waste products,
such as carbon dioxide or undigested food (feces).
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• The Circulatory System is made up of your blood, heart, and
blood vessels.
• Red Blood Cells are specialized to carry oxygen and
carbon dioxide.
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body. They connect
arteries to veins inside body tissue and exchange materials with cells.
Blood Flow Through Arteries and Veins
•
From the heart, blood is pumped into
arteries, which are blood vessels that
carry oxygen-rich blood away from the
heart.
lungs  pulmonary vein  heart  arteries 
capillaries  cells
•
Returning to the heart, carbon dioxide-rich
blood flows through veins. Then the heart
pumps the blood to the lungs, where CO2 is
dropped off and O2 is picked up.
cells  capillaries  veins  heart 
pulmonary artery  lungs
The Circulatory System Makes a Circuit
lungs  pulmonary vein  heart  arteries  capillaries 
cells  capillaries  veins  heart  pulmonary artery 
lungs  pulmonary vein  heart…
video1
video2
THE HUMAN HEART
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
•
•
•
•
•
The Respiratory System takes in O2 and gets rid of CO2.
Air enters through your nostrils or mouth, moves down the trachea, and then into
the bronchi of your lungs.
The bronchi branches into many smaller tubes. At the end of the smallest tubes
are tiny air sacs called alveoli. Each is surrounded by capillaries.
O2 diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries (Circulatory System). At the
same time, CO2 diffuses from the capillaries to the alveoli, then gets exhaled.
Just below your ribs, the diaphragm (a large muscle) moves up and down,
causing you to inhale or exhale.
Video1 Video2
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• The Digestive System breaks down food into substances that
cells can use. There are two types of digestion:
• Mechanical digestion breaks food into smaller pieces. (teeth
and stomach)
• Chemical digestion uses special proteins called enzymes to
break down large food molecules into smaller molecules that
can enter cells. (stomach, pancreas, small intestine)
• The parts of the Digestive System work together to perform 3
functions:
1. Digest (break down) food
2. Absorb nutrients into blood
3. Waste removal
•
Esophagus – a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the
stomach.
•
Stomach – where most mechanical digestion happens. Muscles grind
food into smaller parts. Also chemical digestion through hydrochloric
acid and enzymes.
•
Liver - produces bile, a liquid that breaks up fat molecules, then
delivers it to the gall bladder. The liver also helps to remove waste.
•
Gall Bladder – delivers bile to the small intestine to break up fats.
• Pancreas – produces enzymes to break down proteins,
carbohydrates and lipids in the small intestines.
• Small Intestine – most chemical digestion happens here. Then,
small nutrients like glucose are absorbed into the blood.
- Villi – millions of tiny fingerlike structures in the small
intestines. Blood vessels in the villi absorb the nutrients.
Connects the Digestive System to the Circulatory System.
• Large Intestine – Absorbs water from materials that cannot be
digested. The solid that remains is waste (feces).
video1
video 2
This image of the liver shows blood vessels called sinusoids as long pink channels, brown
tissue that is important in the production of bile. The channels - shown as thin green grooves carry the bile towards the small intestine to help digestion. This image received an award from
the Wellcome Trust, as part of the annual Wellcome Image Awards, for its ability to
communicate the wonder and fascination of science. Credit: Jackie Lewin
Villi