Transcript The Body Has Methods of Protecting Itself from Diseases

The Body Has Methods of Protecting
Itself from Diseases
Immune Response
•
•
1st Defense is the Skin and Mucus
2nd Defense occurs when injured cells
release chemicals that increase blood flow to
an area (cut or scrape). The blood brings
Macrophage: a white blood cell that engulfs
and kills pathogens
• 3rd Defense macrophages along with T cells
and B cells attach and kill infected cells.
Treating Diseases
• Antibiotic: will kill or inhibit the
growth/reproduction of microorganisms
Do Not effect viruses
Lymphatic System: produces white blood cells
and antibodies
2 types of White Blood Cells
(1) T cells and (2) B cells
Antibody Immunity (see p. 1037)
• Antigens: foreign substances that stimulate an
immune response
• Antibodies: proteins in the blood that
correspond to an antigen
• B cells make antibodies
• T cells kill infected cells
• Helper T cells help B cells make antibodies
• Memory cells are ready and armed to respond
rapidly if the same pathogen invades the body at
a later time
Passive and Active Immunity (p.1039)
• Passive Immunity:
• Active Immunity:
• Acquiring antibodies
produced in someone else,
such as through an injection
or a mother passing them
through the placenta or
milk to her fetus.
• Ex. Person bite by a
snake…injected
w/antibodies from a horse
that is immune to the snake
venom
• Due to a person forming his
or her own antibodies after
being exposed to an antigen
• Vaccine: Weakened,
dead or incomplete
pathogens/antigens
injected into body to cause
and immune response.