Transcript Your immune system

Guiding Questions
How does your body keep invading
pathogens out?
How does your body fight off pathogens
that have invaded?
What does it mean to be ‘immune’ to a
pathogen?
What can you do to prevent from
contracting a pathogen (from getting
sick)?
What is the relationship between cold
weather and becoming sick?
Objective 5 – Your immune system
transmission
hypothalamus
T-cells
B-cells
host
antibodies
pathogen
white blood cells
leukocytes
immune
fecal
antigen
http://www.iflscience.c
om/health-andmedicine/bubonicplague-outbreakspreads-madagascar
Your defenses against
disease or pathogens
 What are your body’s 3 lines of defense
against invaders?
 Describe the parts of the first 2 defenses.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWMJIM
zsEMg (lines of defense)
Immune system cells
Made of white blood cells (WBC’s)
Also called leukocytes
WBC‘s are made in your bone marrow
Antigen = pathogen
Immune system: Macrophages
Macrophages are
white blood cells
that patrol your
system
When they detect
pathogens they
ingest (eat) them
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DpNtMMuYUA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feat
ure=related (real)
A call for help
When the macrophages
are overrun the
macrophages call for the
Helper T-cells
Helper t-cells are like
the commanders – they
do not fight but they call
for the B-cells
B-cells
Produce a specific
antibody (target) for
one specific of antigen
(pathogen) and makes
this antigen a target.
The antibodies either
– kill the pathogens
– or make them a
target for
macrophages or
Killer-T cells
Killer and suppressor t-cells
The Helper T-cells also
call in the Killer t-cells.
The killer T-cells find
the antigens that were
marked by the B-cells
and destroy them.
Suppressor t-cells give
your immune system
the all clear sign and
close down the Killer
T’s
Memory t-cells (green)
WBCs that record
how to identify
pathogens.
This will allow your
immune system to
act quickly if they
see the same
microbe or virus
again.
Research and Videos
A study conducted by Dr. Davidson
at the University of Wisconsin has
demonstrated that negative
emotions can lead to a weaker
immune system (Goode, 2003)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kskFjm1pKEs&feature=
related (awesome!!)
Summary
Macrophages patrol and ingest antigens (pathogens)
When overrun the macrophages call the Helper Tcells
The helper T-cells call in the B-cells
The B-cells make antibodies to shoot at the
antigens: antibodies kill or mark the antigens
The Helper T-cells call in the Killer T-cells if the Bcells need help
Marked antigens are destroyed by Killer T-cells or
macrophages
When the pathogen is contained, the suppressor
cells stand down the Killer T-cells
The memory T-cells remember the specific antigen
Resources
Goode, Erica. "Power of Positive Thinking May Have a
Health Benefit, Study Says." Power of Positive Thinking May
Have a Health Benefit, Study Says. New York Times, 3
Sept. 2003. Web. 10 Nov. 2012.
<http://psyphz.psych.wisc.edu/web/News/Positive_thinkin
g_NYT_9-03.html>.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=au7EV4Rdoh4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tr2UL_vESaw (longer)
http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/immune.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQGOcOUBi6s
http://www.healthaliciousness.com/blog/How-Your-Immune-System-Works-ACartoon-Story.php
http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/whoami/findoutmore/yourbody/whatdoesyourim
munesystemdo/howdoesyourimmunesystemwork.aspx
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcSm38tu2zM
http://www.pingofhealth.com/2012/01/how-ganoderma-modulates-our-immune.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrYlZJiuf18&NR=1&feature=fvwp
animation)
(3D