Transcript Defense against disease, immune response

Detecting &
Responding 2
Unit 3 Biology
Area of Study 2
1
Physical and Chemical
Barriers to infection
2
Defence against infection: Plants
3
Defence against infection: Humans
4
Detecting
‘Self’ & ‘Nonself’
Molecules
5
Infection and Disease
6
Pathogens: Bacteria
7
Pathogens: Fungi, Yeasts, Protozoa
8
Pathogens: Arthropods & Worms
9
Pathogenic Agents: Viruses, viroids
and Prions
10
Transmission of Pathogens
11
Recognition
12
Disease – Terminology 1
Infection - growth of organism within body of host
Chronic disease - long-term infection
Acute disease - infection occurs suddenly, is
short term
Parasite - organism living on or in another
organism, gains benefit, provides
nothing. Not necessarily pathogenic.
Carrier - person lacking particular disease but
host to transmittable causative agent.
Host - organism or cell on or in which a specific
parasite lives
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Disease
– Terminology 2
Recognition
Host
- second host necessary in addition to
host for completion of life cycle
Vector - insect or other animal transmitting
pathogenic organism from host to host
Virulence - degree to which an organism can
cause disease
Pathogen - organism able to cause disease in host
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Disease
–
Terminology
3
Recognition
Epidemic - many people in region develop
specific infectious disease over short
period
Pandemic - people world-wide develop specific
disease
as it spreads from origin
relatively quickly
Antibiotic - naturally occurring substances that
inhibit growth or destroy bacteria &
other micro-organisms
Designer drug - drug constructed to inhibit
activity of pathogen by fitting into
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its active site
Immune Response
16
Immune System in Humans
17
Function of the immune System
18
Innate Immunity
19
Cells of Immune System
20
Non-specific response: Inflammation
21
Non-specific response: Blood Clotting
22
Non-specific response: Phagocytosis
23
Immune response: Complement
24
Specific Immunity
25
B Cells: Humoral Response
26
T Cells: Cell- Mediated Response
27
Antigens
28
Antibodies
29
Production of Antibodies
30
Antigen-Antibody Interactions
31
Disorders of the Immune
Response
32
Failures of the Immune System
33
Acquired Immunity
34
Active & Passive Immunity
35
Active & Passive Immunity
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