Transcript 2-immune system

Overview of The Immune
System:
1
Outline for Lectures 2 & 3
The immune system is designed to eliminate
pathogens.


Who are the infectious agents?
Overview of the two arms of the immune system:
innate immunity & adaptive immunity.
What are the cell types involved with immune
responses?
What are the important immunological tissues?
2
Parham, p. 3
How do pathogens enter into the human body?
What barriers are present in the human body to prevent
entry/infection by pathogens?
3
Would the
immune
response
towards each
type of
pathogen be
identical?
Parham, p. 4
4
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity
(acquired)
Humoral immunity & Cell
Mediated Immunity
5
Comparison of Innate Immunity to
Adaptive Immunity
Parham, P. 9
6
The
relationship
between innate
& adaptive
Immune
responses:
p. 228
7
The innate immune response is essential
for elimination of a pathogen but not
sufficient.
The adaptive immune response requires
certain key players of the innate
immune response to become activated.
8
The components of the
immune system
Overview of Cell Types important in
immunology
9
Where do the cells of the
immune system come from?
Leukocytes Hematopoiesis:
 Hematopoietic
stem cells from the
bone marrow
 Undifferentiated
 Pluripotent
 Self-renewing
10
11
Progenitors:
-Not selfrenewing
-Committed to
differentiation
Granulocyte/
macrophage
progenitor
12
What stimulates the differentiation of
stem cells & progenitor cells?
Hematopoietic Inducing Microenvironment:

Requires bone marrow stromal cells & growth
factors (cytokines).
Kuby, Immunology, fig. 2-2
13
The leukocytes (WBC)
Kuby Immunology
14
The Cells Important in
Immunology
A Closer Look
15
Lymphocytes:
B lymphocytes (B
cells)
T lymphocytes (T
cells)
Important for the
adaptive immune
response.
16
B cells:


Surface receptor
= Immunoglobulin
(Ig).
Humoral Immunity.
kuby
17
T cells:
Helper T cells (Th
cells):
 T cell Receptor (TCR)
 CD4+
 Produce cytokines &
direct immune
responses.
Cytotoxic T cells (Tc
or CTL):
 TCR+
 CD8+
 Cytotoxic
18