Transcript Lymphatic System - Belle Vernon Area School District

Drill

How is specific defense different from nonspecific defense?

What cell is needed to activate both defenses?

What cells are produced from the T cell line?
What cells are produced from the B cell line?

Which cell type is needed to activate the B cell
line?
Drill


What is the difference
between specific and
non-specific
response?
Objective(s)
 Types of non specific
response.
 Brain dissection
Drill


Explain the difference
between a non
specific response and
a specific response.
State 2 non specific
responses.
Objective(s)
 Types of specific
response.
 Brain dissection
Drill

What is the purpose of
antibodies?

How are the constant and
variable regions on antibodies
different?

Which region from above
attaches to the antibodies?
Objective(s)
Explain the cell mediated
response
Drill

Name the 2 types of lymphocytes
and their location of
development.
Where are they stored after their
development?
Objective(S).
Describe how antibodies are
produced and time frame of
production.

List and describe the diseases of the
lymphatic system.

How is natural
immunity different
from artificial
immunity?

How is active
immunity different
from passive
immunity?
Lymphatic System
I. Lymphatic Network
A. Functions
1. __________________- Transport lost fluid (lymph)
back to the circulatory system.
2. __________________ the body against pathogens.
3. ______absorption.
B. Lymphatic Capillaries
1. Microscopic ______________ found between cells.
(Not found in the brain, spinal cord, bone,
epidermis)
2. Similar to ______________ .
3. ______________ Joined endothelial cells
C. Lymphatic Vessels
1. ______________ three layers
D. Lymph Nodes
Review
 Name
the functions of the lymphatic
system.
 State
why lymphatic vessels are similar to
veins.
E. Lymphatic Trunks & Collecting
Ducts
1. ______________ – merging
vessels.
2. ______________ – One
duct before returning back
to the heart.
a. ______________ – left
side of the head, neck,
thorax, left arm, entire
lower body.
1. Empties into
____ subclavin
2. Originates from
______________.
b. ______________
Duct – Right side of
the head, neck, right arm
1. Empties into
_______ subclavin
F. Lymph Movement
1. Formation – Interstitial fluid formed by movement of
blood plasma out of the capillary bed.
a. Increased interstitial fluid, ______________
______________ forces lymph pores open – fluid flows
______.
2. Movement
a. Force of interstitial fluid entering vessel
b. Similar to veins:
1. ______________
2. ______________ Skeletal movement.
Review
 How
is a lymphatic trunk different from a
lymphatic duct.
 Which
ducts drain the right side of the
body?
 Which
ducts drain the left half of the body?
II. Lymphatic Organs
A. True organs
1. ______________ tissue containing lymphocytes (white blood
cells)
B. Lymph Node
1. ________ – neck
2. _______ – armpit
3. ________ – groin
4. Deep with in
C. Structure
1. ______________ Vessels – Towards.
2. _________- Concave margin
3. ______________ Vessels – Away.
4. ______________
5. ______________ - Outer
6. ______________ – Inner
7. ______________ -Extensions
8. ______________ – Main structure of lymph nodes, gathering of
WBC
D. Node Function
1. ______________
E. Spleen
1._________ lymphatic organ
2. _______________– outer,
protection
3. _____________– Large
number of red blood cells.
4. _______– Large number of
white blood cells.
F. Thymus
1. _______ active during immune
response.
2. _______production
3. Capsule
4. Cortex
5. Medulla
G. Tonsils
1. Two _______ – Back of palate
2. Two _______al –Upper throat
3. Two _______ – Base of tongue
H. Peyer’s Patches
1. _______ located along the
_____________
Review
 What
determines a true lymphatic organ?
 What
do true lymphatic organs contains?
 What
is the largest lymphatic organ of the
body?
III. Defense Mechanisms
A. Immune system has ability to _______foreign
particles (pathogens &/or toxins).
B. ____________________________ (MHC) –
markers that can distinguish between self & non
self.
C. Two types of defense.
1. _______(innate)
2. _______ (adaptive)
D. Type of responses
1. _______
Review
 What
are the two types of immune
responses?
 What
determines is you will have a
immune response?
E. Innate or Non Specific Mechanisms – Defends against all
types of pathogens & has the same response.
1. ______________
a. _______
b. _______ membranes
2. ______________– Cellular Eating
a. Monocytes
b. Neutrophils
c. Macrophages
d. Natural Killer Cells
Punches holes
in cells.
e. Swelling
Basophils
Mast cells
Eosinophils
3. _______ Mediators
a. _______
1. _______ proteins
2. Helps enhance phagocytes
b. ______________
1. Secreted by _______ cells to
stimulate neighboring cells to
produce antibodies.
4. Inflammation
a. _______
- _______
- chemical attraction
of phagocytes
-_______
permeability
b. _______inflammation
c. _________ inflammation
Review
 How
is a non specific response differ from
a specific response?
 What
are the four types of non specific
responses?
F. Specific Mechanisms – ____________________________
1. Ability to _______a specific antigen or toxin.
a. Antigen recognition
b. Proliferation
2. Components of Immunity
a. _______ – any substance that causes an
immune
response.
b. ________ (Ab) (gamma globulins or
immunoglobulins)– protein molecule that is produced
in response to a specific antigen.
- ____heavy chains
- ____ light chains
c. AB + Antigen = Antigen-Ab complex
(inactivation)
d. Five Classes of Ab
1. ____ – Most common - small
2. ___ – protection on body surfaces
3. ____ – First to be produced – large
4. ____ – Antigen-antibody receptors
5. ____ – Allergies (bind to mast cells)
e. _______– made for specific antigens
f. ________ – same between all antibodies
Specific Defense
e. _______ – come bone marrow
1. _______– develop in bone marrow
a. _______
b. _______ – AB
2. _______– develop in thymus
a. _______– destroy’s infected cell
b. _______– stimulates immune system
c. _______– stops the body’s response
d. _______– remembers for future infections
Review
What is a antigen? What is a antibody?
How does the body recognize foreign
antigens?
What is the type of cells involved in specific
immunity?
3. _______– T cell response
a. _______ invaded &
infected cells.
b. Macrophage _________
an antigen, phagocytized it,
& processed it.
c. Process antigen is
_________ on macrophage
surface & is presented to
the T-cells.
d. _______the T-cells.
Cell Mediated Response
Review
 What
is the first cell involved in the cell
mediated response?
 What
are the four types of cells produced
from the cell mediated response?
4. ______________– Ab Response
a. Macrophage identified an antigen,
phagotized it, & processed it.
b. Process antigen is placed on
macrophage surface & is presented
to the B-cells.
c. Activates the ___-cells with the
help of _______.
d. Grows & multiple into
_______cells (immunization) &
_______ (Ab).
e. AB production takes ____ days,
peaks in 3 weeks.
f. AB binds to antigen surface
forming the antigen-Ab complex
(inactivated).
g. Labeled for destruction for natural
killer cells.
Humoral Response
Review
 1.
What is the first cell type involved in the
humoral response?
 2.
Which cell from the T-line is needed to
aid the humoral response to activate?
 3.
What are two cell types produced in the
humoral response? Which one produces
antibodies?
Effect of
Antibodies
Antibody
Production
Specific response review
Review
 What
is the basic shape of the anitbody?
 How
do antibodies inactivate foreign
antigens?
 How
long does it take to develop
antibodies?
 Why
do you never come down with the
symptoms from your second exposure on?
G. Allergic Response – _____________________.
1. _______Ab is released into blood in response to the
allergen.
2. Comes into contact with the _______ (concentrated in
skin & mucus layer).
3.Mast cell stores ______________.
4. ______________ + ______________= release of
histamine (causes inflammation.
Ex. Hives & asthma
____________________________
5. ________________hypersensitivities – hay fever, asthma
6. ________________hypersensitivities – poison ivy, soaps,
cosmetics
H. Acquired Immunity
1. Persons ability to mount a defense.
2. Two Types
1. ______________ acquired
a. ________ – develop after exposure.
ex- chicken pox, flu, measles.
b. ________ – passed from 1 person to another.
ex- Polio, rubella – mother to baby by
placenta or breast milk.
2. ______________ Acquired - Vaccine
Killed or weaken virus that causes an
immune response ________ the symptoms.
a. ________ – Lifelong
ex. polio, measles
b. ________ – Short term
ex- rabies, hepatitis, tetanus, snake
venoms.
Immunity
Review

Are allergies an innate or humoral immune response?
Why?

What is released when allergies occur?

How can allergies be dealt with?

How is naturally & artificially acquired immunity different?

How is active immunity different from passive immunity?
IV. Homeostasis
1. Recycling valuable fluids.
2. Defense against diseases.
V. Immunodefiency
1. ________ are reduced which reduces the body’s ability to
defend itself.
a. Attacked by pathogens.
b. Low level production.
Ex
1. ________– Severe Combined Immundeficiency
a. Born ________ the ability to produce
active B & T cells.
b. Treatment – bone marrow ________.
2. ________
a. Caused by ________ virus
b. ________ the ________ T cells – body
never knows it is getting invaded by other
pathogens.
c. ID in US – 1981
3. ________ – Cancer
a. large multinucleated cell in affected
lymphoid tissue
b. 15-38 & over 50 yrs old.