Transcript When a germ enters the body this,

When a germ
enters the
body this
is how it
goes...
The First Part
• The first part of the
immune system is the
skin. The skin acts as
a primary boundary
between germs and
your body. It is a
bulwark to germs!!
Another way that a germ might
enter your body is through
your nose, mouth, and eyes.
Your nasal passage is coated
with mucus. The virus could get
trapped in the mucus. It then
gets swallowed.
The Macrophage
• After a virus escapes through the skin,
it encounters the macrophages. It
tries to eat the antigen. This acts as
the garbage. If the macrophage can
not kill the virus it then calls upon
the helper T- cells.
Helper T- Cells
• The helper T- cell identifies
the virus. If the body has
already had the virus then it is
killed more quickly. But, if
this is a new virus then the
helper T- cells identify it as a
foreign virus.
The B- Cells
• Then the B- cells come
in. The B- cells are in
action now. They
create the antibodies
that kill the antigen.
They circulate the
blood and attach
themselves to the
foreign germs. Then
other cells know that
they need to be
destructed.
Killer T- Cells
• The antibodies are
made according to
what the virus is.
After all of the
antibodies are made
then the killer T- cells
come to kill the virus.
The antibodies bind
to the virus. This is
the last thing that
kills the virus.
While the T- cells are killing
the virus, the suppressor Tcells stop the fighting once the
virus is killed. If this is a new
antigen then the memory Tcells remember the virus. If
this same virus tries to enter
the body again the memory Tcells know what it is. The
virus can then be killed faster.
Bacteria
• Bacteria helps our
bodies with digestion.
Bacteria also helps us
by destroying harmful
organisms within our
bodies
Bacteria
• There are more
bacteria cells in our
bodies than there are
human cells
Bacteria
• Most bacteria cells
will grow twice their
size and split into
daughter cells
Bacteria
• Bacteria are used to
make cheese, milk,
bread and lots of other
things
Bacteria
• 99% of bacteria is
helpful to the body
Bacteria
• Dead or weakened
Bacteria and Viruses
are used for making
helpful vaccines
Bacteria
• Tetanus- failure of
muscle
Bacteria
• Diphtheria- highly
infectious bacteria
causing weakness,
high fever, difficulty
breathing, and is
harmful to the tissue to
the hart
Bacteria
• Most bacteria is good
for the body
Vaccines
What are vaccines?
Vaccines are dead or
weakened germs that are
injected into your blood stream in order to
teach the body how to fend off that disease
How are vaccines made?
Vaccines are made by
Scientists and doctors,
they weaken or kill the
germs then inject them
into the body.
These germs can be
killed by using
chemicals, heat, or
radiation. Or they can
be killed by making
them go through
layers of tissue,like
that of a chicken egg
How do vaccines work?
Vaccines work because they trick the body
into believing that it is actually under
attack. The body fights back until it defeats
the virus and you become immunized