Transcript Leukocytes

Leukocytes
Anatomy and Physiology
Ch 10
Basic Facts
• 4000-11000/mm3 or less than 1%
– High is called leukocytosis (sign of infection)
– Low is called leukopenia (may be caused by
drugs)
• Part of the immune system
– Slip in and out of bloodstream (diapedesis)
– Respond to chemicals from damaged cells
Cell Types
• Only complete cell in the blood
• Classified into two groups
– Granulocytes
• Lobed nuclei
• Granules stain specifically
– Agranulocytes
• No visible granules
• Closer to normal nuclei
Granulocytes
1.
Neutrophils
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2.
Most abundant
Multi-lobed nuclei
Pink cytoplasm
Phagocytize bacteria and fungi
Eosinophils
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3.
Blue-red nucleus looks like old phone
Red granules
Active against parasites
Basophils
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Rarest WBC
Contains Histamine (makes vessels leaky in inflammation)
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Agranulocytes
1. Lymphocytes
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Large dark purple nucleus
Slightly larger than RBC’s
Usually in lymphatic tissue
T cells (cell attack) and B cells (antibodies)
2. Monocytes
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Largest WBC
Kidney shaped nucleus and more cytoplasm
Become macrophages (chronic infections)
WBC Abundance from Highest
to Lowest
• Never
Neutro
• Let
Lympho
• Monkeys
Mono
• Eat
Eosin
• Bananas
Baso
WBC Homeostatic Imbalance
• Leukemia
– Cancer in the bone marrow
– WBC production increases
– Young WBC’s don’t function well leading to
infection
– Loss of normal cells causing anemia and
bleeding problems
• Mononucleosis
– High white cell count
– Response to infection (Epstein-Barr Virus)
Platelets
• Cell Fragments of
megakaryocytes
• 300,000/mm3
• Needed for the
clotting process in the
plasma