Transcript No Slide Title

Pharmanex
Workshop
ReishiMax
Michael N. Chang, Ph.D.
• Chief Scientific Advisor
• Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry
• Post-doctoral Fellowship
at MIT
• Over 20 years of
pharmaceutical business
experience
• 35 patents
Josh Zhu, M.D., Ph.D.
• Director of Clinical Affairs
& Manager of Clinical
Pharmacology
• Capital Institute of
Medicine
• Ph.D. in Molecular and
Cellular Physiology
• Member of six American
medical societies
Reishi and Immunity:
A Scientific Overview
Presented by Michael N. Chang, Ph.D.
Chief Scientific Advisor, Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc.
This material is provided for scientific and educational purposes
only and should not be distributed or used in conjunction with the
sale or distribution of any dietary supplement product.
The Human Immune System
...…is a complicated network of cells, antibodies and
proteins that serves following three main functions:
1. Removes waste and harmful material,
to ensure the normal function of the
body.
2. Defends against pathogens - bacteria,
fungi and virus.
3. Kills and removes dead and altered
cells.
The Human Immune System
......is delicately balanced by a very sophisticated
feedback regulation and control system
• Prolonged immune deficiency can lead to infection,
frequent sickness, lack of vigor and energy and impaired
metabolism.
• On the other hand, chronic activation of immune
system can also lead to certain autoimmune conditions
such as arthritis, lupus, nephritis, allergy, etc.
Immune Cells Recognize and Destroy:
Pathogens and Altered Cells
Chemical message alerts
immune system that an
invader is present
Immune cell
“swallows”
foreign invader
Cell Surface Antigen
How does it work?
• Pathogens, such as bacteria, fungus, virus, have
carbohydrates protruding outside of its surface.
• Altered cells also have carbohydrate antigens protruding.
Reishi Mushroom
Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)
mushroom is a fungus occurring as a
shelf-like form on the sides of trees
and stumps in densely wooded
mountains with high humidity and low
light.
The spores of Reishi have such tough outer
husks that germination is next to impossible,
which accounts for its rarity
Reishi Growing Process
Zoom in of Reishi body
1
3
2
1. Reishi body
2. Basidiomycete produces
sporidium
3. Mycelium
Growth of Basidiomycete
Types of Reishi
There are 62 types of Reishi, of which six are most
common:
RED
BLACK
BLUE
WHITE
YELLOW
PURPLE
RED Reishi is preferred because it can produce the
highest quality extract and has been subject to the
most scientific evaluation
Cultivation of Reishi
In 1971, Yukio Naoi, a researcher of the Kyoto
University in Japan, successfully developed the artificial
cultivation of Reishi, which resulted in reproducible and
consistent production of Reishi.
Compounds Identified in Reishi
Mushrooms
Compound
Polysaccharides
Triterpenes
Nucleosides
Fatty Acids
Amino Acids,
Vitamins, Minerals
Function
Improves immunity, reinforces liver function, and
stimulates insulin secretion
Nourishes the liver, anti-allergy, anti-inflammation,
maintains cholesterol, and eases pain
Inhibits plaque agglutination, prevents thrombus
formation
Inhibits histamine release
Replenishes nutrients
Reishi Spores
• These highly active substances are the essence of
Reishi
• They are the reproductive cells that are released at
maturity
• However, Reishi spores are protected by an extremely
hard shell which prevent us from optimally absorbing
the actives
Traditional Use
Reishi, also known as Lingzhi, is one of the most valued
herbal products in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
Reishi’s earliest herbal remedies were recorded
between
206 B.C. - 8 A.D.
In Taiwan, families often give
Reishi to their aging grandparents
Clinical Research Approach for Reishi
• The polysaccharides of Reishi can regulate our
immune system.
• It is generally recognized that certain polysaccharides
cannot be absorbed by the human body.
• When our intestine senses the presence of certain
polysaccharides, receptors within our body will create a
series of signals which then stimulate the body to carry
out biological actions that regulate the immune system.
Research Findings:
Reishi Mushroom & Extracts
• Cell support
• Immune dysfunction-related diseases
• Liver protection
• Nervous system dysfunction
• Cardiovascular protection and blood
sugar support
Pre-Clinical Studies
Animal and in vitro studies have shown that
Reishi extracts:
• Enhances activity of lymphocytes and natural
killer (NK) cells
• Enhances activity of cytokines and
macrophages
• Decreases histamine release from mast cells
Wang SY, et al. International Journal of Cancer 1997;70(6):699-705. Lu Z, Lin ZB. 1994 International Symposium
on Ganoderma Research, October 24-26, 1994, Beijing Medical University, Beijing , China, Program and Abstracts,
p. 82.
Clinical Studies
In clinical studies, Reishi extracts have been
shown to:
• Increase levels of T-cell counts, CD4/CD8 ratio,
cytokine IL-2, complement C3 and immunoglobulin
G
• Lower levels of T-suppressor cell counts
• Improve vigor and appetite
• Shorten recovery time
Kupin, V. (1992). The 4th International Symposium on Ganoderma lucidum, Hyatt Regency hotel, June 10, 1992, Seoul,
Korea, Program and Abstracts, pp. 36-39. Yang QY, Wang, M. M. (1996). 1996 Taipei International Ganoderma Research
Conference, Taipei International Convention Center (TICC), August 15-15, 1996, Abstracts, Special Lecture.
Clinical Application for Reishi
• Reishi stimulates the immune system’s ability to
recognize pathogens and altered cells
• Reishi provides complementary therapy to promote
health and longevity
• stimulates the formation of antibodies
• stimulates the ability of proliferation of immune
cells
• modulates the function of T cells and NK cells
Optimal Immune System Support
Presented by Josh Zhu, M.D., Ph.D.
Director of Clinical and Pharmacology Affairs,
Pharmanex, LLC
This material is provided for scientific and educational purposes
only and should not be distributed or used in conjunction with the
sale or distribution of any dietary supplement product.
Scientifically Proven
Health Benefits
• Supports healthy immune
system functions*
• Stimulates proliferation of
defensive immune cells in
your body, including T
Cells, B Cells & NK cells*
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This
product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
 Use of the best Reishi species:
RED Reishi or Ganoderma lucidum
 Use of the best Reishi cultivation method:
solid tree trunk, organic cultivation for 120-200
days
 Free of pesticides, free of heavy metals, and no
unwanted microbial contamination
Use of
Pharmanex’
proprietary
manufacturing
process
to extract active
components
from Reishi
Cracked Reishi Spores
Reishi spores
100% Cracked spores
— 3000X magnification
under an electronic microscope
Proprietary Formula
• Contains 1% Reishi spores
(100% cracked)
• Standardized to
– 6% Reishi triterpenes
– 13.5% Reishi polysaccharides
ReishiMax Pre-Clinical
Studies
A recent comparative study
demonstrated enhanced immune
functions by ReishiMax:
• Increased serum antibodies*
• Stimulated proliferation of immune
cells*
• Modulation of the T cell functions*
• Enhanced the NK cell functions*
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This
product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune
Humoral immune:
– Blocking and eliminating infectious
agents via humoral molecules,
such as Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
Cell-mediated Immune:
– Blocking and eliminating infectious
agents via immune cells,
such as T cells and NK cells
ReishiMax enhances humoral
immune functions*
Serum IgG (mg/ml)
1.6
p<0.01 by ANOVA
1.4
1.2
1.0
+25%
+27%
+15%
0.8
0.6
0.4
+25%
p=0.01
0.2
0.0
Placebo
0.585
1.170
2.925
ReishiMax GLP
By Medical Institute at National Taiwan University
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This
product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
0.585 (g/kg)
Other
Reishi
Interleukin-2 (pg/ml)
ReishiMax enhances cellmediated immune functions*
5000
p<0.001 by ANOVA
4000
+822%
3000
2000
+799%
+405%
p=0.12
1000
0
Placebo
0.585
1.170
2.925
ReishiMax GLP
By Medical Institute at National Taiwan University
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This
product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
0.585 (g/kg)
Other
Reishi
Higher Amount of Actives
Other Reishi product
mAU
GA
200
100
0
0
10
ReishiMax
mAU
20
30
40
50
min
GA
Ganoderol acid DM-std
Ganoderol B
100
50
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
min
Recent Publications
ReishiMax GLp contains unique
polysaccharides that are responsible
for immuno-modulating activities
• Conducted by Pharmanex SAB member Chi-Huey Wong
at Academia Sinica in Taiwan
• Published: Wang YY, Wong CH, et al. Bioorganic &
Medicinal Chemistry 2002;10:1057-1062.
Three new active compounds (lanostanoids)
identified in Reishi
• Conducted by Pharmanex Scientists
- J. Chang, M. Chang, and others.
• Published: Ma J, Ye Q, et al. Journal of Natural Products
2002;65(1):72-75.
Higher Solubility
90%
90%
71%
80%
70%
51%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
ReishiMax
Reishi A
Reishi B
By Pharmanex Research Center at Shanghai Medical University
Competitive Advantage







6S process
Best natural Red Reishi species
Organic cultivation
Cracked spores
Proprietary manufacturing
technology
Highest level of actives on the
market
Scientifically proven
Recommended Usage
Take twice daily with meals:
• 1 capsule each time for
health maintenance
• 2 capsules each time for
immune modulation
Safe and well tolerated at
the recommended dosage
Taken together, ReishiMax and Tegreen 97
provide a comprehensive cellular health
maintenance program*
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This
product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
• www.pharmanex.com
• product information
• powerpoint presentation (What’s New)
• Pharmanex Information Packet
• product fact sheet
• frequently asked questions
• Pharmanex Product Showcase
• meet the experts
• interactive computer product training