Transcript Round 1 - Davis School District

IS PSYCH BOWL FOR
YOU?
General Rules/Structure

April 16th /Davis High
Auditorium

6 schools participate
Viewmont Bountiful
Davis
WXHS
Northridge Layton

2 Rounds – 60 minutes each

Sit on stage with other teams
in rows

Face moderator (Dan
Rozanas, Alta High)

Timer buzzes – LOUD

ANSWER!! - Don’t second
guess!!
Stage
Round 1

Whiteboard

30 seconds to answer

Time stops when clock buzzes

STOP WRITING

Hold board up

Dividers

Requires lists/definitions/explanation
What is the definition of
psychology?

The scientific study of mental processes and behavior.
Define each of the following
language concepts: phoneme,
morpheme, syntax, semantics,

Sounds

Words

Word Order

Meaning
Name the three types of long-term
memories and the brain structure
associated with each

Semantic and episodic- hippocampus

Procedural/implicit- cerebellum
Explain the difference between
Positive Reinforcement, Negative
Reinforcement, and Punishment

Positive – Increases behavior by giving something
pleasant

Negative – Increases behavior by removing something
unpleasant

Punishment – Decreases behavior by adding something
negative
List 3 of the APA ethical
guidelines for research

Informed Consent

Coercion/Withdrawal

Anonymity/Confidentiality

Risk

Debrief

Animal Training

Animal Humane Treatment
What is the difference between
an aptitude test and an
achievement test?
Give an example of each.

Aptitude – predict future performance/ACT

Achievement – test what you know/AP
Name three of Erik Erikson’s stages of
development. Include the one you should
be in right now.








Trust vs. Mistrust
Initiative vs. Guilt
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Industry vs. Inferiority
Adolescence: Identity vs. Role
Confusion
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Late Adulthood: Integrity vs. Despair
Explain the difference
between a hallucination and
a delusion

Hallucination is a false sensory experience

Delusion is a false thought process
In Fritz Heider’s attribution theory,
which two types of attributions do
we make when explaining others’
behavior?

Dispositional (personality/internal)

Situational (external)
Name the two receptor cells
in the retina. What each is
each one responsible for?

Rods and Cones

Rods = black and white

Cones = color
List, in order, Lawerence
Kohlberg’s levels of moral
development.

Pre-conventional

Conventional

Post-conventional
What are the three factors that
contribute to the 8 different
types of love according to
Sternberg?

Intimacy

Commitment

Passion
Name the three major categories of
psychoactive drugs and one drug
from each category

Depressants – Alcohol, Opiates, Valium

Stimulants – Meth, Caffeine, Nicotine, Cocaine

Hallucinogens – LSD, PCP, Mushrooms
Explain the difference between
theory x and theory y thinking
styles.

Theory X: Employees seek reward only and should be
managed closely, they are extrinsically motivated

Theory Y: Employees are internally motivated and
policies should encourage internal motives
Name each of the stages of sleep
and state which is known as
paradoxical sleep.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

REM = Paradoxical Sleep
Name three of the five
Gestalt grouping principles

Proximity

Continuity

Similarity

Closure

Connectedness

Figure Ground
According to Piaget, which
two methods allow us to
adjust or control a schema?

Assimilation

Accomodation
Name two projective
personality tests.

Rorschach/Inkblot

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Draw A Person
Name the stages a child goes
through in acquiring language

Babble (phonemes all languages)

Babble (phonemes household languages)

One-Word

Two-Word/Telegraphic Speech
Name two forms of
behavioral therapy

Token Economy

Systematic Desensitization

Counterconditioning

Implosive Therapy

Aversive Conditioning

Modeling
Draw and label a scatterplot for the
following types of correlations:
positive, negative, no correlation



Positive: Clusters from bottom left to top
right.
Negative: Clusters from top left to
bottom right.
None: Points are scattered without
pattern.
Name the three systems of
memory used in information
processing

Sensory Register

Short-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory
Maggie is a dancer.
Which two components of the
senses does Maggie use to monitor
her body’s position and movement?

Kinesthetic

Vestibular
Name 2 of the monocular cues for
depth perception. State what
monocular means.

Linear Perspective

Relative Clarity/Brightness/Shadowing

Texture Gradient

Interposition

Relative Height

Relative Size

Mono means one… only need one eye
Why is REM sleep known as
paradoxical sleep?

Brain/Internal body systems active

Large muscles/body inactive
Name the three types of
long-term memories.

Episodic Memories

Semantic Memories

Procedural Memories
Trace a neural impulse through a
neuron from beginning to end by
naming the structures of a neuron.
Dendrite
 Soma(cell body)



Axon (may include myelin sheath)
Axon Terminal(synaptic button, synaptic
knob, terminal buttons, synaptic
terminals, terminal end)
Name the neurotransmitter involved
in each of the following
psychological disorders:
Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia,
depression
Schizophrenia: Dopamine or
serotonin
 Alzheimer’s Disease: ACH
 Depression: Serotonin OR
Norepinephrine

Name 3 glands of the endocrine
system and one hormone released by
each

Pituitary – growth

Adrenal – adrenaline

Ovaries – estrogen

Testes – testosterone

Pancreas – insulin

Thyroid – Thyroxin

Parathyroids – Parathormone

Pineal -- Melotonin
What is the difference between
an obsession and a compulsion?
Obsessions: recurring thoughts,
create anxiety
 Compulsions: recurring behaviors,
reduce anxiety

What two elements are compared to
compute an intelligence quotient?

Mental Age

Chronological Age
A psychologist uses the double-blind procedure
in their research in order to avoid bias. Name
two different types of bias they might avoid.

observer bias/confirmation bias/experimenter bias

Hawthorne Effect/participant bias/subject bias
Name three ways we encode
information. Indicate which is best for
long-term storage.

Acoustic

Semantic*

Visual
What are two measures of
variation?

Range

Standard Deviation
What is the difference
between obedience and
conformity

Obedience – Comply to demands of an authority figure

Conformity – Adjust behavior to match a group
What are the three measures
of central tendency?

Central: Mean, Median, Mode
In operant conditioning, how does
punishment differ from negative
reinforcement?

Punishment GIVE something to
DECREASE the behavior.

Neg. Reinforcement REMOVE
something to INCREASE the
behavior.
List the four types of schedules of
partial reinforcement for Operant
Conditioning.
Fixed Interval
 Fixed Ratio
 Variable Interval
 Variable Ratio

Explain the difference between
applied research and basic research.
Applied Research is used to solve
real-world problems.
 Basic is used to expand the
knowledge base.

What are the two basic personality
dimensions according to Eyesnck and
Eyesnck?

Extraverted-Introverted

Neurotic-Stable
List, in order, the four stages of Jean
Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development. Circle the one he said
you should be in right now.
Sensorimotor
 Pre-operational
 Concrete Operational
 Formal Operational

Name four monocular
depth cues in vision.










relative brightness/clarity
relative motion
aerial perspective
relative size
relative height
linear perspective
Superposition/Interposition
texture gradient
Shadowing
overlapping
Name three different
parenting styles.
Authoritarian
 Permissive
 Authoritative
 Neglecting/Rejecting

Name the three sensations
that skin detects.

Pain

Pressure

Temperature (warm/cold)
Name each of the stages of Hans
Selye’s model for the physical
response to stress. Name the
model.

Alarm

Resistance

Exhaustion

General Adaptation Syndrome
Name two theories for how
we detect pitch.

Place Theory

Volley Principle

Frequency
What are three of the most
popular theories of emotion.
Cannon Bard
 James-Lange
 Schachter-Singer or “two stages” or
Cognitive
 Zajonc-Ledoux
 Opponent Process
 Optimal Arousal

What are two theories of
color vision?

Trichromatic/Young-Helmholtz

Opponent-Process

Two Stage
Name the Big Five personality
traits.





Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism (emotional stability)
List, in order, the three
stages of prenatal
development.

Zygote (zygotic)

Embryo (embryonic)

Fetus (fetal)

Zero Eggs Forgotten!
Recreate Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs with the correct motivations
in each level.

Physiological

Safety

belongingness and love

esteem

self-actualization
List three factors, identified by
psychological research, that
influence attraction.
Proximity
 Mere Exposure
 Social Exchange
 Similarity
 Physical Attractiveness

What are the stages of psychological
response to stress according to
Lazarus?

Primary Appraisal Stage

Secondary Appraisal Stage
Name the three language
centers of the brain.

Broca’s Area

Wernicke’s Area

Angular Gyrus
Trace the path of a light ray
through the eye by naming
each structure along the way

Cornea

Pupil/Iris

Lens

Retina

Optic Nerve/Blind Spot

Occipital Lobe/Visual Cortex
List three types of learning.
Classical Conditioning
 Operant Conditioning
 Social Learning
 Observational
 Latent

List 3 of the APA ethical
guidelines for research

Informed Consent

Coercion/Withdrawal

Anonymity/Confidentiality

Risk

Debrief

Animal Training

Animal Humane Treatment
How SSRI’s affect a neuron
at the synapse? What
disorder are they typically
prescribed for?

Blocks the reuptake of serotonin (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

Depression
Name four methods for
studying the brain.

MRI

CT Scan

Surgery

Damage

PET Scan

EEG

MEG
Name the four goals of psychology

Describe

Explain

Predict

Control
Name the two chemical senses and
explain why they are given this label

Taste

Smell

Chemicals bind to receptors (Food and Odor) creating the sensation
Name three types of
obstacles to problem-solving.









fixation
confirmation bias
overconfidence
heuristics
framing
belief perseverance
mental set
functional fixedness
belief bias
The Nielsen Adolescent Intelligence Scale has a mean of 100 and a
standard deviation of 20. Draw a bell curve include labels for the
following:
The mean
Scores at plus and minus one standard deviation
Scores at plus and minus two standard deviations
The percent of scores at plus and minus one standard deviation
The percent of scores at plus and minus two standard deviations

Scores 80 to 100

Scores 60 to 120

68%

95%
After trying and failing to succeed over and over
again, eventually a person just stops trying.
Give the concept and theorist associated with
this research.

Learned Helplessness

Martin Seligmen
List each of the major
methods of research

Experimental

Correlational

Case Study

Naturalistic Observation

Survey
Using Skinner’s classic study of Little
Albert, explain what each of the
following would be: UCS, UCR, CS,
CR

UCS – Loud Noise

UCR – Fear

CS – Furry White Animals

CR – Fear
Name two types of heuristics.
Availability Heuristic
 Representative Heuristic

Which disorder is most likely to be
treated with electro-convulsive
therapy? What is possible side-effect
of ECT? Name one neurotransmitter
associated with this disorder.

Major Depression

Memory Loss

Serotonin/Norepinephrine
Name four of Gardner’s
multiple intelligences.

Linguistic

Logical/Mathematical

Musical, Spatial

Bodily/Kinesthetic

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Naturalist

Existential
Who developed the first Psychology
laboratory? In what country? What
year?

Wundt

Germany

1879
Who studied taste aversion?
What type of learning did these taste
studies attempt to demonstrate?
What did he discover about this type
of learning?

Garcia

Classical Conditioning

Evolutionary/Biological predisposition in learning.
What are the three types of
thinking associated with
intelligence according to
Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?

Analytical Thinking (academic problem-solving)

Practical Thinking

Creative Thinking
A famous experiment conducted at Yale in the
early 1960’s prompted the APA to come up with a
code of Ethics. Who was the experimenter and
what was he studying?

Stanley Milgrim

Obedience
Name Four
Neurotransmitters

Acetylcholine

Dopamine

Endorphins

Serotonin

Norepinephrine
Name 3 reinforcement
schedules

Continuous

Fixed-Ratio

Variable-Ratio

Fixed-Interval

Variable-Interval
Name Three Anxiety-Based
Disorders

Panic

GAD

Phobias (specific/social)

Agoraphobia

Selective mutism
Name three therapy
strategies used by
psychoanalysts.
Free association
 interpretation of dreams
 analysis of transference
 Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
 Rorschach/Inkblot Test
 Hypnosis
 analysis of slips of the tongue
 Transference

Name the four lobes of the
cerebral cortex

Frontal(pre and motor cortex)

Parietal

Occipital

Temporal
Name four defense
mechanisms.











reaction formation
repression
Displacement
Sublimation
Rationalization
Projection
Denial
Undoing
regression
Intellectualization
identification
After trying and failing to succeed over and over
again, eventually a person just stops trying.
Name the concept and theorist associated with
this research.

Learned Helplessness

Martin Seligmen
Julie’s therapist tells her to relax, close her eyes, and state
aloud whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or
absurd. Name this technique. What type of psychologist is
most known for using this technique? What type of
personality test is this therapist likely to use?

Free Association

Psychoanalysis

Projective (Rorschach/TAT)
What is the primary area of research
for each of these Social
Psychologists?
Milgrim, Asch, Zimbardo

Milgrim: obedience to authority

Asch: conformity

Zimbardo: social roles or role
playing
What are two major theories
explaining hypnosis?

Role Theory

Social-Cognitive Theory

State Theory

Divided Consciousness

Trance Theory

Neo-Dissociative
What is the difference
between an internal and an
external locus of control?
Who is the person associated
with these terms?

Internal – you control your own outcomes

External – others/environment controls your outcomes

Julian Rotter
Name each of the 6 major
divisions and subdivisions of the
nervous system.

Central, Peripheral

Somatic (Skeletal), Autonomic

Sympathetic, Parasympathetic
Name three explanations for
development of discriminatory
behavior like prejudice

Scapegoating

Vivid Case

Categorization

In-Group Bias

Modeling
Explain the difference between an absolute
threshold and a difference threshold for
sensation using the volume on a radio as an
example

Absolute – minimum amount of sensation to detect – turn volume up
enough to hear

Difference – minimum amount of change to notice a difference – turn up
or down and notice when volume changes
End of Review Session
Trace the path of a
soundwave through the ear











Pinna/Outer Ear
auditory canal
Eardrum/Tympanic Membrane
Hammer/Anvil/Stirrup or
Malleus/Incus/Stapes
Oval Window
Cochlea
Basilar Membrane
Hair Cells
Auditory Nerve
Temporal Lobes/Auditory Cortex
What are the four goals of
psychology?
Describe
 Explain
 Predict
 Control

Why do you randomly
sample in an experiment?

To ensure that all members of the population are
represented equally.
Betty is just learning to speak.
Explain how Chomsky and Skinner
each explain how she might learn
to pronounce words.

Chomsky – inherant/Language Acquisition Device

Skinner – Imitation/reinforcement/punishment
What is the difference between
random sampling and random
assignment in an experiment?

RS – Everyone in sample is randomly selected from the population

RA – Everyone in sample is randomly assigned to EG or CG
Name two personality concepts
emphasized by the Humanist Carl
Rogers.
Self-concept
 unconditional positive regard






ideal vs. real self
client or person-centered therapy
active listening,
fully functioning
genetic blueprint
Name each of the four
branches of the peripheral
nervous system

Autonomic

Somatic

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic
Name 5 of the 8 major
perspective of psychology.

Neuroscience

Humanistic

Cognitive

Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic

Socio-cultural

Evolutionary

Behavior-Genetics

Behavioral
Name three Gestalt Laws of
Perceptual Organization.

Laws of:

Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure, Connectedness

Good Figure

Common Fate

Figure Ground
What is the difference between a
psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychologist – no medical degree, cannot prescribe
medication

Psychiatrist – medical degree, can prescribe medication
Name three structures of
the Limbic System?

Amygdala

Hippocampus

Hypothalamus (or) Septum
Trace the path of a neural
impulse through a neuron listing
the five major structures

Dendrite

Soma (nucleus)

Axon (myelin sheath/nodes of ranvier)

Axon Terminals

Synapse