Transcript Animal Behavior

Animal Behavior
BIG IDEA
The output of animals can trigger simple and complex behaviors
Behavior
The sum of responses to external in and internal stimulus
Behavior Responses
Fixed
patterns
Behavior
Responses
Oriented
Movement
Behavior
Rhythms
Fixed Patterns
Oriented Movement
Kinesis: A change in response rate to stimulus
Taxis: Movement towards positive or negative stimulus
Migration: Change in location
Behavior Rhythms
Circadian Rhythms
 Linked to periods of activity and rest
Animal Signal and Communication
 Visual
Chemical  Pheromones : Common in mammals linked to reproductive behavior
Tactile
Auditory
Proximate Vs. Ultimate Causation
Proximate causation refers to how an animals behavior is modified
Ultimate causation refers why the behavior occurs due to natural selection in environment
Animal Behavior
What do we know about Animal
Behavior?
•Animals modify their behavior based on environmental condition.
•The modification of behaviors trigger simple and complex processes.
BUT how do animals learn this behaviors. . . . .
Big Idea
Behavior is linked to learning experiences.
Forms of Learning
Habituation
Imprinting
Spatial
Learning
Cognitive
Maps
Habituation
Loss of responsiveness to the environment.
Imprinting
Long-lasting behavior that takes places during a certain period of life.
Spatial Learning & Cognitive Maps
Memory that reflects spatial structure.
Spatial relationships between organisms and their surroundings
Associative Learning
Classical: Arbitrary object with outcome
Operant: Trial and error learning
Social Learning
Cognitive and Problem Solving: Being aware of the information and processing
Development of learned behaviors: Takes place over a long period of time
What do we know about Animal
Behavior?
•Animals modify their behavior based on environmental condition.
•The modification of behaviors trigger simple and complex processes.
• Behavior is linked to learning experiences.
 But can behavior be linked to inheritance?
BIG IDEA
 Genetics and environment are linked to behavior
Nature Vs. Nurture
Experience and Behavior
Environmental: Cross-Fostering Behavior
California Mice
Regulatory Genes and Behavior
Genes are link to controlling behavior.
Fru gene in Fruit Flies control mating
behaviors
Behavior Variation in Natural Populations
Migratory pattern genetically inherited
Bananna Slugs is a genetically acquired taste
Variation in a single locus
Amount of vasopressin expressed in
meadow voles determines the bond
formed with the offspring
TEST Questions
The fru gene in fruit flies
A. control sex-specific
development in the fruit fly.
A guinea pig squeals every time
the refrigerator doo is opens.
What term best applies to this
behavior?
B. is a master regulatory gene
that directs expression of many
other genes
A. Sign stimulus
C. can be genetically manipulated
in females so that they will
perform male sex behaviors
C. Imprinting
D. programs males for
appropriate courtship behaviors
E. Operant conditions
E. all of the above
B. Cognition
D. Classical conditioning
The Law Conservation of Matter states
that matter cannot be created nor
destroyed. Matter is cycled through
the earth and undergoes
transformations so that it can be
utilized by various abiotic and biotic
factors. Which of the following are
true statements regarding the carbon
cycle?
I. It has increased atmospheric carbon
dioxide levels, causing global warming
II. It involves photosynthetic processes
III. It leads to the reduction of aquatic
biomass
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I, II and III only