Transcript Animal Behavior and Restraint

ANIMAL BEHAVIOR AND
RESTRAINT
MR. PACE
VET ASSISTING
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION
• Auditory
• Mothers identify their offspring through distinctive sounds
• Animals vocalize when:
• Distressed, Hungry
• Sounds communicate:
• Danger, feeding, reproductive readiness, mark territory
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION
• Olfactory
• Odors release pheromones which trigger behavior
• Readiness to breed (“heat”)
• Offspring recognition
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION
• Tactile
• Proper behavior taught by touch patterns
• Scruffing
• Touch is used in social bonding
• Mutual grooming
• Initiate play
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION
• Visual
• Visual signs made by:
• Eyes, ears, tail, posture, etc.
• Recognized by SEEING:
• Color or movement
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR
• Environment
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Physical Surroundings
Cleanliness
Temperature
Lighting
Noise
Enclosure Size
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR
• Health
• Physical Health
• Anesthesia
• Injury
• Ohio Wild Animals on the loose:
• Why were police unable to just tranquilize all of the wild animals
and transport them to zoos?
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR
• Experience
• The way an animal was raised affects its behavior.
• Dog – Kennel vs home w/ kids
• Cat – house cat vs barn cat
• Horse – Raised on the range vs backyard pasture, Imprinting?
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR
• Genetics
• Genetics affect some animal’s temperament
• Can be altered in training and conditioning but will always be
there
• Sea World Florida
• Tilikum Returns
• Animal behavior takes shape of ancestors
(wolf, wild horse, etc)
• Top 3 aggressive dogs:
• Pit Bull
• Rottweiler
• German Shepherd
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR
• Ingestive
• Patterns of eating,
drinking, and finding
food
• Eliminative
• Urinating and
defecating behaviors
• Burying feces
PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR
• Sexual
• Behavior
enhanced/caused
by gender hormones
• “Heat” Behavior
• Male Dominance or
Aggression
• Mother – Young
• Care giving to young
• Protection
PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR
• Agnostic
• Behavior associated
with danger/conflict
• Fight or Flight
• Gregarious
• Social structures
formed in groups,
flocks, or herds
PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR
• Investigative
• How animals explore
their surroundings
• Sleep and Rest
• Patterns of sleep
• Nocturnal
• Sleep standing up or
laying down
BEHAVIORALLY HEALTHY ANIMALS…
• Behavior wellness is the condition or state of normal
and acceptable pet’s conduct that enhances the
human-animal bond and the pet’s quality of life
BEHAVIORALLY HEALTHY ANIMALS…
• Why would a vet clinic choose to take an active
role in educating clients about animal behavior and
training?
• The vet clinic staff are probably the first professionals to see
a new puppy or kitten when it comes in for vaccines
• You want pet owners to be happy with their pet. They won’t
be if it has behavior problems.
• Working at a vet clinic allows you to see the good, bad and
ugly of every breed.
• Help owners choose the right breed for them.
BEHAVIORALLY HEALTHY ANIMALS…
• People’s pets should behave in the following
manner
• Affectionate, without being overly needed
• Are friendly toward or at least tolerant of people, including
children, and other members of their own species.
• Enjoy or at least tolerate normal, everyday handling and
interactions
• Eliminate only in acceptable areas
• Are not overly fearful of normal, everyday events or new
things
• Adapt to change with minimal problems
• Play well with others by not becoming uncontrollable or
rough
BEHAVIORALLY HEALTHY ANIMALS…
• Are not nuisances or dangerous to the community
• Can be left alone for a reasonable time period
without becoming anxious or panicked and
consistently misbehave
• Readily relinquish control of space, food, toys, or
other objects
• Vocalize when appropriate, but not to excess. (dog
bark, cat meow, bird screech, etc….)
• Dogs: reliably respond when told to sit, down,
come, stay.
• Cats: scratch only items provided for this purpose.
DOG BEHAVIOR
• Relaxed
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Tail Relaxed
Ears watching you
Mouth open
Loose stance
DOG BEHAVIOR
• Fear
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Ears pinned back
“Hackles up”
Could growl
Stooped
Tail between legs
DOG BEHAVIOR
• Alert
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Ears pricked forward
Tail Stiff
Mouth Closed
Standing forward on toes
DOG BEHAVIOR
• Submission
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Rolled on back with stomach and throat exposed
Tail tucked
Ears back
Avoids eye contact
May dribble urine
DOG BEHAVIOR
• Aggressive
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Hackles raised
Tail bristled and stiff
Nose curled, lips wrinkled
Teeth and gums visible
Stiff legged, body leaning
DOG BEHAVIOR
• Play
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Tail wagging
Front end lowered
Ears up
Mouth open with tongue out
THE REAL QUESTION??
Have a dog??
…. Or have kids??
TRAINING THEORIES
• Positive Reinforcement
• Correct behavior is rewarded with a pleasant stimulus
• Dog is told to sit, dog sits, give treat
Video
TRAINING THEORIES
• Negative Reinforcement
• Animal avoids unpleasant stimulus by doing a correct
behavior
• Choke collar – dog feels no pressure unless it pulls on the leash
• Stud chain – horse feels no pressure unless it pulls
TRAINING THEORIES
• Punishment
• Giving a negative stimulus after an INCORRECT behavior
• Dog growls at child, adult smacks it’s nose
TRAINING THEORIES
• Extinction
• Removal of positive reinforcement
• Ignore the barking dog
*Technique works, but you must outlast the dog…..
TRAINING THEORIES
• Animal Training Trips
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Use single syllable commands
Use voice AND visual commands
Be consistent
Avoid negative behavior
Meet pet’s needs first (exercise, feed, etc)
SMALL ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• For an exam or procedure
• Try to make animal comfortable and feel safe
• Use walls, corners, and yourself as a barrier
SMALL ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• To draw blood or set up IV:
• Dogs
• Jugular: hold in sitting position with neck up
• Front leg: be sure they can’t pull leg away
SMALL ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• To draw blood or set up IV:
• Cats
• Scruff of back leg
• Jugular
SMALL ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• For an x-ray
Sternal Recumbancy
Lateral Recumbancy
SMALL ANIMAL RESTRAINT
Tricks for aggressive/fearful dogs:
• Muzzle
• Gauze muzzle
• Loop leash
• Rabies pole
SMALL ANIMAL RESTRAINT
Tricks for aggressive/fearful cats:
• Towel wrap
• Face mask
• Cat bag
LARGE ANIMAL RESTRAINTS
• Horses:
• Stocks
• Prevent Movement
• Tricks for problem horses
that can’t be controlled in stocks
LARGE ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• Horses:
• How to safely tie a horse
LARGE ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• Cattle:
• Squeeze chutes
LARGE ANIMAL RESTRAINT
• Sheep/Goats
• Keep head up; they can’t run forward with their head up
• Hold all 4 legs when possible
PRACTICE
• Restraint of the Dog for Venipuncture of the Lateral
Saphenous Vein
• Restraint of the Dog for Jugular Venipuncture
• Restraint of the Dog for Cephalic Venipuncture
• Applying a gauze muzzle