Transcript Therapy - GGHS Psychology

Chapter 13
Therapies for Psychological
Disorders
What is Therapy?
Therapy for psychological
disorders takes a variety of
forms, but all involve some
relationship focused on
improving a person’s mental,
behavioral, or social
functioning
What is Therapy?
Therapy –
The Components of Therapy
In addition to the relationship between the
therapist and the patient/client, the
therapeutic process typically involves
some or all of the following processes:
Contemporary Approaches to Therapy
Psychological therapies –
Based on psychological principles (rather
than biomedical approach)
The psychological therapies
are often collectively
called ____________
Contemporary Approaches to Therapy
Biomedical therapies –
Types of Mental Health Care
Professionals
Cultural Variations
Treating mental illness varies widely across
cultures:
How Do Psychologists
Treat Mental Disorders?
Psychologists employ two
main forms of treatment:
the insight therapies
and the behavioral therapies
Insight Therapies
Insight therapies –
Psychotherapies in which the therapist
helps patients/clients understand (gain
insight into) their problems
Insight Therapies
Talk therapies –
Insight Therapies
Psychodynamic therapies –
Insight Therapies:
Psychodynamic Therapies
Psychoanalysis –
The form of psychodynamic therapy
developed by Sigmund Freud
Analysis of transference –
Insight Therapies:
Psychodynamic Therapies
Neo-Freudian psychodynamic therapies –
Insight Therapies:
Humanistic therapies
Humanistic therapies –
Techniques based on the assumption that
people have a tendency for positive growth and
self actualization, which may be blocked by an
unhealthy environment
Client-centered therapy –
Reflection of feeling –
Insight Therapies:
Cognitive therapies
Cognitive therapy –
Cognitive therapy for depression involves
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy:
A Synthesis
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy:
A Synthesis
Rational-emotive behavior therapy –
Insight Therapies:
Group therapies
Group therapy –
Psychotherapy with more than one client
Self-help support groups –
Insight Therapies:
Group therapies
For many issues, couples counseling or
family therapy can often be more
effective than individual therapy with one
individual at a time
Behavior Therapies
Behavior therapy –
Any form of psychotherapy based on the
principles of behavioral learning,
especially operant conditioning and
classical conditioning
Classical Conditioning Therapies
Systematic desensitization –
Exposure therapy –
Classical Conditioning Therapies
Aversion therapy –
UCS
(foul odor)
UCR
(nausea)
CS
(cigarette smoke)
CR
Operant Conditioning Therapies
Contingency management –
Approach to changing behavior by
altering the consequences, especially
rewards and punishments, of behavior
Operant Conditioning Therapies
Token economies –
Participant Modeling: An
Observational-Learning Therapy
Participant modeling –
Evaluating the Psychological
Therapies
Eysenck proposed that people with nonpsychotic problems recover just as well
with or without therapy
Reviews of evidence have shown:
Mental “First Aid”
If someone asks you for help, keep in mind
that serious problems (especially those
involving suicide or threats) require
immediate professional treatment
Otherwise, your best tools may involve
How Is the Biomedical
Approach Used to
Treat Mental Disorders?
Biomedical therapies seek to
treat mental disorders by
changing the brain’s
chemistry with drugs, its
circuitry with surgery, or its
patterns of activity with pulses
of electricity or powerful
magnetic fields
Drug Therapy
Psychopharmacology –
Drug Therapy
Antipsychotic drugs
Tardive dyskinesia –
Drug Therapy
Antidepressants and mood stabilizers
The use of antidepressants to deal with
general feelings of unease is highly
controversial
Drug Therapy
Antianxiety drugs
Drug Therapy
Stimulants suppress activity level in
persons with ______________________
There is controversy from concern that the
causes and boundaries of ADHD are
vague and the potential exists for
overdiagnosis
Psychosurgery
Psychosurgery –
The infamous prefrontal lobotomy is no longer
performed
Severing the corpus callosum, however, can
reduce____________________
Brain-Stimulation Therapies
Electroconvulsive therapy is used
______________________
Transcranial magnetic stimulation, a
possible alternative to ECT, can also be
used for the treatment of
_______________________
Hospitalization and
the Alternatives
Therapeutic community –
Deinstitutionalization –
Hospitalization and
the Alternatives
Community mental health movement –
End of Chapter 13