Transcript Units 5-8 Quiz

Units 5-8 Quiz
• When Tray walked out of his algebra final, he
could remember only the first question and the
last few questions. Tray’s recollection can best be
explained by
a. anterograde amnesia
b. retrograde amnesia
c. the stress of the exam
d. the serial position effect
e. interference
• The capacity of our short term memories is
approximately _________ items.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Three
Five
Seven
Nine
Unlimited
• Claire needed to hammer a nail into the wall,
but could not find a hammer. She never
considered using her boot. This common
obstacle to problem solving is known as
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Algorithm
Functional fixedness
Heuristic
Mental set
Convergent thinking
• Kohler’s work with apes had to do with what
type of learning?
a. abstract
b. insight
c. latent
d. observational
e. classical conditioning
• When Bobby kicks his little sister Tammy’s doll
under the bed, she tries to retrieve it. In
Piagetian terms, Tammy has
a. egocentrism
b. concrete operations
c. animism
d. object permanence
e. conservation
• According to Erikson, a two year old is most
likely trying to resolve which of the following
conflicts?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Industry vs. Inferiority
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Trust vs. Mistrust
• Whenever Eddie goes a few hours without
smoking a cigarette, he gets irritable and
nervous. Eddie’s need to smoke illustrates
which theory of motivation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Drive reduction
Cognitive consistency
Evolutionary
Ethology
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Gertrude wants to teach her students a new
behavior. Which schedule of reinforcement
would result in the quickest learning?
a. variable interval
b. Variable ratio
c. Continuous
d. Fixed Interval
e. Fixed ratio
• Taking a medicine to relieve a headache is an
example of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Positive reinforcement
Classical conditioning
Latent learning
Punishment
Negative reinforcement
• The first step in the information processing
model of memory is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Storage
Retrieval
Interference
Encoding
attention
• Kohlberg posited that the lowest level of
moral development involved
a. Consistently hurting others
b. Focusing on the consequence of one’s action to
oneself
c. Blindly following the law
d. Breaking the rules whenever ones feels they are
unjust for society
e. Doing whatever one’s peer group advised
• Parents who set strict rules for their children
without allowing any questioning or
discussion are following what parenting style?
a. democratic
b. Authoritative
c. Totalitarian
d. authoritarian
e. neglectful
• What kind of memory is Misty using when she
thinks back to the day she won the state
spelling bee?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Procedural
Episodic
Implicit
Eidetic
Semantic
• I sawed Kristen at school today is an example
of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Telegraphic speech
Holophrastic speech
Babbling
Syntax
Overgeneralization
• In Pavlov’s classical conditiong experiments,
salivation was
– 1. The US
– 2. The CR
– 3. The UR
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 and 3 only
e. 2 and 3 only
• Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment is most
closely associated with which of the following
terms?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Instincts
Maturation
Modeling
Abstract learning
Operant conditioning
• According to the James-Lange theory of
emotion, what immediately precedes
recognition of the emotion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A physiological change
Cognitive appraisal
Memories of similar situations
Observing the stimulus
Thalamic stimulation
• Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Money
Water
Praise
Music
Dolls
For some kids, getting ISS may be a terrible
punishment while others may enjoy the quiet
solitude. That the reinforcement often
depends on the individual in question is best
expressed by
a. partial reinforcement effect
b. chaining
c. Premack Principle
d. outshining
e. latent learning
• Because plane crashes are covered so
extensively in the media, people tend to be
more fearful of them than a statistical analysis
would indicate they should. This
miscalculation can be explained by
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The availability heuristic
The recency effect
Confirmation bias
The framing effect
Cognitive dissonance
• With regard to language, Noam Chomsky
proposed that
a. Some apes can be taught to use language
b. Humans have a language aquistion device
c. Children essentially learn language through
shaping
d. People cannot learn new languages after a
critical period has passed
e. Nurture has a far greater influence than nature
• Mary Ainsworth and John Bowbly are best
known for their work on
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Parenting styles
Adult development
Attachment
Intelligence
Creativity
• The order of the sexual response cycle stages
as described by Masters and Johnson is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
Arousal, orgasm, plateau, refraction
Resolution, excitement, orgasm, and plateau
Arousal, orgasm, plateau, and refraction
Plateau, excitement, orgasm, and resolution
• Which of the following would characterize a
person in the concrete operational stage?
a. using operations
b. understaning reversability
c. believing in artificialism
d. appreciating conservation
e. childhood contingencies of
reinforcement