Transcript Perspectives and Methods

Perspectives
and Methods
Biological Basis
of Human
Behavior
Sensation and
Perception
Learning
Memory
Consciousness
Perspectives
and Methods
Biological
Basis of
Behavior
Sensation and
Perception
Learning
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Memory
Consciousness
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Definition of
Psychology
study of
behavior and
mental processes
What is a control
group?
In a psychological
experiment, group used for
comparison; Does not
receive the IV
Perspective that
believes behavior is
explained by how
people interpret/think
about a situation
Norms
Perspective that
focuses on how
thinking and behavior
change depending on
the setting or situation
Socio-Cultural
Perspective that
focuses on how people
think and process
information
Cognitive
What is the most basic
building block of the
nervous system?
Neuron
What two things make
up the Central Nervous
System?
Brain and Spinal
Cord
What does the
cerebellum do?
“little brain”
coordination;
memories of tasks
(implicit memories)
In the endocrine
system, what is the
master gland?
Pituitary Gland
System that controls
breathing, blood
pressure, and
digestive processes
Autonomic Nervous
System
The process by which
our sensory systems
(eyes, ears, etc) and
nervous system receive
stimuli from our
environment
Sensation
____ are the receptor cells for
color and ____ are the
receptor cells for black and
white
Cones; Rods
The minimum amount
of stimulation a person
can normally detect
Absolute Threshold
Why do Psychologists
use visual cliffs?
To judge depth
perception in babies
A binocular depth cue
resulting from slightly
different images
produced by the
separation of the retinas
in the left and right eye
Retinal Disparity
Definition of
Learning
A relatively
permanent change in
behavior due to
experience
the diminishing of
a learned response
Extinction
What is
discrimination?
A process in which an
organism produces
different responses
to two similar
stimuli
B.F. Skinner is known
for his work with what
type of learning?
Operant
Conditioning
What is the difference
between reinforcement
and punishment?
Reinforcement is anything
that increases the likelihood
of a behavior while
punishment is anything that
decreases the likelihood of a
behavior
What are the three
steps in the
information
processing theory?
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
What is a mnemonic
device?
A memory trick or
technique for
remembering specific
facts
What is automatic
processing?
Unconscious encoding
of some information
without effort
What is explicit
memory and what
part of the brain
controls it?
Memories of facts
and experiences
Hippocampus
What is proactive
interference?
When a old memory
gets in the way of a
new memory
Stage of sleep where
most dreams occur
REM
Machine that
measures brain
waves
EEG
Type of body rhythm
that happens once a
day
Circadian rhythms
What is a post
hypnotic
suggestion?
A suggestion, made
during a hypnosis
session, that the subject
will carry out when no
longer hypnotized
What are the two
theories of hypnosis?
Social-influence
theory and divided
consciousness
theory