Transcript Questions for - Solon City Schools

Questions for
Psychology for AP
Which of the following correlation
coefficients indicates the strongest
relationship between variables?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Positive .05.
Negative .25.
Positive .75.
Negative .95.
Which of the following represents the
average score in a distribution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The mode
The mean
The median
The standard deviation
After watching their favorite team lose a
game, Emma and her friends
commented to each other about how
they had always known the loss was
inevitable. Psychologists call this:
A.
B.
C.
D.
overconfidence
The false consensus effect
The hindsight bias
An illusory correlation
Dr. Anderson conducts an experiment to see
whether exposure to helpful models leads to helping
behavior in young children. Of the forty girls and
boys in his study, half are exposed to helpful models
while the other half watch the same models not
engaged in helping behavior. In this experiment, the
dependent variable is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
the gender of the children
Helpful or non-helpful models
the age of children
helping behavior
A significant disadvantage of the
correlational approach is that it:
A. does not provide evidence of cause and effect.
B. cannot be used to examine relationships
between variables that exist naturally
C. does not aid in the process of prediction.
D. does not provide information about how two
variables are related.
After conducting an experiment, Dr.
Fitzpatrick concluded that there was a
statistically significant difference
between the scores of the experimental
and control groups. In other words,
A. the difference is highly meaningful and important to
scientists
B. the results are replicable
C. the scores differed by five points or more
D. it is unlikely that the difference occurred by chance.
The peripheral nervous system consists
of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
association areas.
the spina chord.
the reticular formation.
sensory and motor neurons.
What disease is related to degeneration
of the neuron’s myelin sheath?
A.
B.
C.
D.
parkinson’s disease.
Multiple sclerosis.
Alzheimer’s disease.
schizophrenia.
Antidepressants such as Prozac target
which neurotransmitter?
A.
B.
C.
D.
serotonin.
glutamate.
GABA.
acetylcholine.
After suffering an accidental brain injury,
Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth and
coordinated manner. It is most probable
that she has suffered damage to her:
A.
B.
C.
D.
amygdala.
angular gyrus.
cerebellum.
corpus callosum.
Which region of the brain appears to
have the oldest evolutionary history?
A.
B.
C.
D.
frontal lobes
limbic system
brainstem
corpus callosum
Following massive damage to his frontal
lobes, Phineas Gage was most strikingly
debilitated by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
irritability
memory loss
auditory hallucinations
a reward deficiency syndrome
A visit to a phrenologist would have
resulted in an analysis of the person’s:
A.
B.
C.
D.
heart beats.
skull bumps.
neurotransmitter function.
endocrine system.
A new superhero emerges on the scene. This superhero is able to stay
awake and vigilant for extended amounts of time. He helps the
intelligence community by being able to stay in surveillance for
extended amounts of time without losing concentration and can
always be paying attention to what is happening. A study of this
superhero’s brain might show that the ____________ is more
advanced and developed than a non-superhero’s.
A.
B.
C.
D.
frontal lobe
amygdala
reticular formation
occipital lobe
While working on a word problem, Jenae has an “aha!” moment of
sudden insight about how to solve the problem. If you were mapping
her brain activity on an EEG at that moment, you would expect to
observe a burst of activity in her:
A.
B.
C.
D.
left frontal lobe.
right frontal lobe.
left temporal lobe.
right temporal lobe.
Which technique is most useful for seeing
which regions of the brain are most active
while a person reads a poem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
EEG
fMRI
EKG
PET
You are a neurologist in a large hospital. The wife of a construction
worker visits you and describes that her husband has experienced a
serious injury to his frontal lobe. She is perplexed by his behavior.
Which of the following would you tell her is “normal behavior” for
a person with frontal lobe damage?




A. not much decline in memory or intelligence
B. poor judgment
C. irritability and other personality changes
D. ALL of these are commonly seen in frontal
lobe damage
Which of the following activities is NOT
primarily a function of the left
hemisphere?




A.
B.
C.
D.
listening to a piano concerto
reading your psychology book
reading junk mail
listening to a poetry reading
If Dr. Barnes wanted to cause a cat to take
on an attack posture, which of the cat’s
brain structures should he electrically
stimulate?




A.
B.
C.
D.
amygdala
hypothalamus
hippocampus
cerebellum
A split-brain patient’s right hemisphere is
presented with a key. How is he most
likely to respond?




A. say the word “key”
B. select a key from a group of objects presented
to his left hand
C. select a key from a group of objects presented
to his right hand
D. he will not be able to say “key” or to pick out a
key from a group of objects with either hand
While out for a bike ride, you can think
about what you’ll make for dinner rather
than concentrate on how to operate the
bicycle. This illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
parallel processing.
Sigmund Freud’s concept of the unconscious.
the function of delta waves.
somnambulism.
Adoptive parents are least likely to
influence the ________ of their adopted
children.




A.
B.
C.
D.
personality traits
religious beliefs
political attitudes
moral values
You and the President share __________
of your DNA.




A.
B.
C.
D.
very little
one fourth
half
nearly all
Little Bethany loves new faces and stimuli, and
laughs easily. People respond to her with playful
smiles and tickles, which makes her giggle and ask
for more. This represents ___________ between
genetic predispositions and environments.




A.
B.
C.
D.
an interaction
natural selection
heritability
gender typing
The similarity between the intelligence test
scores of nontwin siblings reared together
is:




A. greater than that between identical twins reared apart.
B. equal to that between fraternal twins reared together.
C. greater than that between unrelated adoptive siblings
reared together.
D. less than that between children and their biological
parents.
Researchers found somewhat higher levels
of homosexuality among males who have:




A.
B.
C.
D.
older brothers.
more than one sister.
no siblings.
been raised by only their mother.
Premature babies are especially likely to
gain weight if stimulated by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
sound and music.
light and colors.
touch and massage.
movement and acceleration.
Concepts of maleness and femaleness
that influence our perceptions are
called gender:




A.
B.
C.
D.
norms.
schemas.
roles.
complexes.
The expectations that men initiate
dates and that women select wedding
gifts best illustrate aspects of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
sexual orientation.
gender identity.
behavior genetics.
gender roles.
Because he believes that worrying is a
feminine trait, 14-year-old George has
difficulty perceiving his own fears. His
experience best illustrates dynamics
highlighted by:




A.
B.
C.
D.
social learning theory.
behavior genetics.
gender schema theory.
evolutionary psychology.
Racial and ethnic stereotypes can
sometimes bias our perceptions of
others' behaviors. This best illustrates
the impact of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
retinal disparity.
interposition.
top-down processing.
perceptual adaptation.
The fact that perceptions involve more
than the sum of our sensations best
illustrates the importance of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
top-down processing.
interposition.
retinal disparity.
visual capture.
Which of the following is TRUE?




A. Humans cannot sense stimuli below the absolute
threshold.
B. Humans cannot be affected by stimuli below the
absolute threshold at all.
C. Stimuli presented below the absolute threshold can
have a subtle, brief effect on behavior.
D. Stimuli presented below the absolute threshold exert
a strong, powerful effect on behavior.
If you move your watchband up your
wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for
only a few moments. This best
illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
parallel processing.
accommodation.
sensory adaptation.
Weber's law.
As we look at a flower, the intensity of
the color we see is related to the light
wave’s:




A.
B.
C.
D.
amplitude.
hue.
length.
placement on the spectrum.
The eye’s “blind spot” is related to:




A. light rays focusing too far in front of the retina.
B. light rays focusing too far behind the retina.
C. a cluster of cells around the fovea which
contains cones, but no rods.
D. an area without receptor cells where the optic
nerve leaves the eye.
Rather than saying a person is
“colorblind,” it would be more accurate to
say that the person:




A. has a blind spot.
B. lacks red- or green-sensitive cones.
C. is experiencing an overstimulation of the redand green-sensitive cones.
D. has an excess of blue-sensitive cones.
The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are found
in the:




A.
B.
C.
D.
middle ear.
inner ear.
cochlea.
outer ear.
What is umami?




A. a taste sensation for which researchers recently
discovered receptors on the tongue
B. receptors on the tongue that respond only to
bitter tastes
C. receptors on the tongue that allow us to taste
nutrients in food, such as proteins and vitamins
D. a condition in which there is a loss of the
sensation of taste
As you talk with a friend at a party, her
voice is distinct from all the other voices
you hear. This illustrates the perceptual
principle of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
grouping.
proximity.
closure.
figure-ground.
The way in which you quickly group the
individual letters in this test item into
separate words best illustrates the principle
of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
closure.
proximity.
continuity.
convergence.
Makers of 3-D movies rely most heavily
on:




A.
B.
C.
D.
the visual cliff.
the Müller-Lyer illusion.
retinal disparity.
shape constancy.
After hearing that Bryce had served a
prison sentence, Janet began to perceive
his friendly behavior as insincere and
manipulative. This best illustrates the
impact of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
perceptual sets.
visual capture.
bottom-up processing.
sensory adaptation.
Which is easier to recognize?




A.
B.
C.
D.
an actual picture of a face
the caricature of the face
the anticaricature of the face
an upside-down picture of the face
If a person were able to sense that his
friend’s dog was lost and needed help, this
person would be said to have:




A.
B.
C.
D.
psychokinesis.
telepathy.
precognition.
clairvoyance.
Staying up especially late on weekends
is most likely to have an influence on:




A.
B.
C.
D.
narcolepsy.
sleep apnea.
the circadian rhythm.
seasonal affective disorder.
Carrie’s EEG shows sleep spindles.
Which stage of sleep is she in?




A.
B.
C.
D.
stage 1
stage 2
stage 3
REM
Those who complain of insomnia
typically _______ how long it actually
takes them to fall asleep and ________
how long they actually slept.




A.
B.
C.
D.
underestimate; overestimate
overestimate; underestimate
underestimate; underestimate
overestimate; overestimate
The experience of insomnia following
discontinued use of a psychoactive drug
best illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
narcolepsy.
withdrawal.
REM rebound.
dissociation.
A modern theory of dreams suggests
that dreams help us to fix the day’s
experiences into memories. This is
known as the ___________ theory of
dreams.

A. information processing



B. physiological function
C. activation-synthesis
D. cognitive developmental
The social influence theory of hypnosis
receives support from evidence that:




A. behaviors produced through hypnotic procedures
can also be produced without them.
B. hypnotized subjects have a hidden observer.
C. easily hypnotized individuals have difficulty
focusing attention on their own thoughts and feelings.
D. very few people are at all responsive to hypnotic
suggestions.
Court systems frequently ban testimony
from witnesses who have been
hypnotized because the procedure
often encourages:




A.
B.
C.
D.
a hidden observer.
hallucinations.
narcolepsy.
false memories.
In order to help patients control their
undesired symptoms or unhealthy behaviors,
clinicians would be most likely to make use
of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
dissociation.
REM rebound.
posthypnotic suggestion.
hypnogogic sensations.
Which of the following is NOT
classified as a stimulant?




A.
B.
C.
D.
heroin
ecstasy
cocaine
methamphetamine
Through direct experience with animals,
we come to anticipate that dogs will
bark and that birds will chirp. This best
illustrates:
A.
B.
C.
D.
the law of effect.
spontaneous recovery.
respondent behavior.
associative learning.
Ivan Pavlov noticed that dogs began
salivating at the mere sight of the person
who regularly brought food to them. For
the dogs, the sight of this person was a(n):
A.
B.
C.
D.
primary reinforcer.
unconditional stimulus.
immediate reinforcer.
conditioned stimulus.
Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n)
________ comes after a(n) _____.
A.
B.
C.
D.
CS; US
UR; CS
secondary reinforcer; operant behavior
negative reinforcer; operant behavior
The predictability of an association between
a CS and a US facilitates an organism's
ability to anticipate the occurrence of the
US. This fact is most likely to be
highlighted by a(n) ________ perspective.
A.
B.
C.
D.
evolutionary
behaviorist
cognitive
neuroscience
Researchers condition a flatworm to
contract when exposed to light by
repeatedly pairing the light with electric
shock. The electric shock is a(n):
A.
B.
C.
D.
negative reinforcer.
conditioned stimulus.
conditioned reinforcer.
unconditioned stimulus.
If you get violently ill a couple of hours after eating
contaminated food, you will probably develop an
aversion to the taste of that food but not to the
sight of the restaurant where you ate or to the
sound of the music you heard there. This best
illustrates that associative learning is constrained by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
intrinsic motivation.
spontaneous recovery.
biological predispositions.
conditioned reinforcers.
After getting ill from eating her friend’s
Thanksgiving turkey, Natalia couldn’t stand the
the sight or smell of turkey. However, when
her friend baked a whole chicken, Natalia
thought it sounded good. This illustrates:
A.
B.
C.
D.
generalization.
discrimination.
extinction.
acquisition.
The law of effect relates most closely to:
A.
B.
C.
D.
modeling.
operant conditioning.
classical conditioning.
latent learning.
For some children who bite themselves or bang
their heads, squirting water into their faces when
they hurt themselves has been observed to decrease
the frequency of these self-abusive behaviors. This
best illustrates the potential value of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
punishment.
conditioned reinforcers.
negative reinforcers.
latent learning.
Occasional, unpredictable reinforcement
usually results in _________ rates of
responding.
A.
B.
C.
D.
unpredictable
steady
delayed
speedy
Mirror neurons are important to the
process of learning because they:
A. enhance cognitive maps.
B. enable imitation.
C. provide a neurological basis for operant
conditioning.
D. explain aversive conditioning.
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin’s
classic three-stage model of memory
includes all of the following, EXCEPT:




A.
B.
C.
D.
short-term memory.
long-term memory.
flashbulb memory.
sensory memory.
When you hear familiar words in your native
language, it is virtually impossible not to register
the meanings of the words. This best illustrates the
importance of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
chunking.
flashbulb memory.
automatic processing.
iconic memory.
According to the serial position effect,
you will remember more:




A. items at the beginning and end of a list, than
in the middle.
B. items in the middle of a list, than at the
beginning and end.
C. vocabulary words if you process them visually.
D. vocabulary words if you process them
acoustically.
Which of the following processes is
likely to result in the best memory for
words?




A.
B.
C.
D.
visual encoding
acoustic encoding
rote memorization
semantic encoding
Memories of emotional events are
especially likely to be facilitated by
activation of the:




A.
B.
C.
D.
amygdala.
hypothalamus.
sensory cortex.
motor cortex.
Which of the following is most likely to
be stored as an implicit memory?




A.
B.
C.
D.
a mental image of one's best friend
the date of one's own birth
a conditioned fear of guns
one's own name
Priming refers to:




A. the sense that one has been in a particular situation
before.
B. better recall for experiences that are consistent with
one’s current mood.
C. attributing a memory to an erroneous source.
D. the activation of associations in memory.
Each of the following “sins of memory”
involves distortion, EXCEPT:




A.
B.
C.
D.
suggestibility.
bias.
misattribution.
absent-mindedness.
The reason most North Americans
cannot accurately describe the head of a
penny is due to:




A.
B.
C.
D.
storage decay.
encoding failure.
motivated forgetting.
retrieval failure.
After suffering a brain injury in a motorcycle
accident, Adam cannot form new memories. He
can, however, remember his life experiences before
the accident. Adam's memory difficulty most clearly
illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
repression.
retroactive interference.
encoding failure.
source amnesia.
During her evening Spanish language exam, Janica so easily
remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning
that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she
rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
the spacing effect.
proactive interference.
retroactive interference.
state-dependent memory.
The surprising ease with which people
form false memories best illustrates that
the processes of encoding and retrieval
involve:




A.
B.
C.
D.
implicit memory.
automatic processing.
long-term potentiation.
memory construction.
To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery
store, you could systematically search
every shelf in every store aisle. This best
illustrates problem solving by means of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
the availability heuristic.
functional fixedness.
an algorithm.
the representativeness heuristic.
Pablo vainly searches for a screwdriver
while failing to recognize that a readily
available coin in his pocket would turn the
screw. His oversight best illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
functional fixedness.
the availability heuristic.
belief perseverance.
the representativeness heuristic.
A defense attorney emphasizes to a jury that her client works fulltime, supports his family, and enjoys leisure-time hobbies. Although
none of this information is relevant to the trial, it is designed to
make the defendant appear to be a typical member of the local
community. The lawyer is most clearly attempting to take advantage
of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
confirmation bias.
functional fixedness.
belief perseverance.
the representativeness heuristic.
Which of the following is TRUE?




A. People underestimate the accuracy of their
judgments.
B. People pay closest attention to information that
disconfirms what they believe.
C. It is difficult for most people to explain away
their failures.
D. People are overconfident about how they will
perform on various tasks.
Advertisers know that a thirty-three
percent discount sounds like a better deal
than a discount of one third. This best
illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
framing.
belief bias.
representativeness heuristics.
confirmation bias.
Maintaining one's conceptions even after
the basis on which they were formed has
been discredited is known as:




A.
B.
C.
D.
the representativeness heuristic.
belief perseverance.
confirmation bias.
functional fixedness.
In English, it is appropriate to refer to “a
pretty bird,” but not to “a bird pretty.”
This best illustrates the importance of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
syntax.
semantics.
morphemes.
phonemes.
Using different words for two very similar
objects enables people to recognize
conceptual distinctions between the
objects. This illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
telegraphic speech.
linguistic determinism.
functional fixedness.
the representativeness heuristic.
Which language theorist would have been
most likely to emphasize that children
master the rule for forming the past tense
of regular verbs like "push" before they
learn common past tense constructions of
irregular verbs like "go"?




A.
B.
C.
D.
B. F. Skinner
Benjamin Lee Whorf
Noam Chomsky
Beatrix Gardner
Which of the following is NOT included
as part of today’s general definition of
intelligence?




A. the ability to solve problems
B. the ability to use knowledge to adapt to new
situations
C. the ability to understand people and emotions
D. the ability to learn from experience
Although diagnosed with autism and
hardly able to speak coherently, 18-yearold Andrew can produce intricate and
detailed drawings of scenes he has viewed
only once. Andrew illustrates a condition
known as:




A.
B.
C.
D.
g factor.
Down syndrome.
emotional intelligence.
savant syndrome.
When Phoebe strongly disagrees with her
sister's opinion, she effectively controls
her own anger and responds with empathy
to her sister's frustration regarding their
dispute. Her behavior best illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
factor analysis.
analytic intelligence.
predictive validity.
emotional intelligence.
After spending years in the ocean, a
mature salmon swims up its home river to
return to its birthplace. This behavior is an
example of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
homeostasis.
a set point.
a refractory period.
an instinct.
In poorer nations, life satisfaction is
especially likely to be influenced by
satisfaction with one's ________. In
wealthier countries, life satisfaction is
especially likely to be influenced by
satisfactions with one's ________.




A.
B.
C.
D.
financial circumstances; home life
physical appearance; financial circumstances
personal achievements; personal safety
sexual desires; financial circumstances
When scientists put 36 conscientious
objectors on a semi-starvation diet for six
months, all of the following occurred
EXCEPT:




A.
B.
C.
D.
the men appeared listless and apathetic.
the men became obsessed with food.
the men spent more time thinking about sex.
the men lost interest in social activities.
Dr. Richards is electrically stimulating a
well-fed rat’s __________; as she does so,
she observes an increase in the rat’s eating
behavior.




A.
B.
C.
D.
hippocampus
thalamus
hypothalamus
pancreas
Over the past 50 years, the incidence of
anorexia nervosa has steadily increased.
This is most clearly attributable to:




A. cultural ideals of beauty that increasingly
encourage thinness.
B. increasing levels of childhood sexual abuse.
C. the onset of adolescence at increasingly younger
ages.
D. the decreasing emphasis on maintaining stable
marriages.
A group of men had their regular food intake cut in half. After 24
weeks, their weight stabilized at about three-fourths of their
previous weight, even though they were allowed to eat only half of
what they typically ate before. This limited weight loss was due, at
least in part, to the fact that their dietary restriction led to:




A.
B.
C.
D.
a proliferation of their lymphocytes.
the inhibition of their dopamine reuptake.
a sharp decrease in their metabolic rates.
a dramatic surge in their cholesterol levels.
In a classic experiment, obese patients whose daily
caloric intake was dramatically reduced lost only 6
percent of their weight. This limited weight loss
was due, at least in part, to the fact that their
dietary restriction led to:




A.
B.
C.
D.
a proliferation of their lymphocytes.
the inhibition of their dopamine reuptake.
a sharp decrease in their metabolic rates.
a dramatic surge in their cholesterol levels.
Lindsey is extremely afraid of becoming
obese even though she is underweight. She
often checks her body in the mirror for
any signs of fat and refuses to eat most
foods because she insists they are fatty or
high in calories. Lindsey most clearly
demonstrates symptoms of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
excess PYY.
bulimia nervosa.
an abnormally high set point.
anorexia nervosa.
Which theory would suggest that you
experience the emotion of anger at the same
time that your heart begins to beat rapidly?




A.
B.
C.
D.
James-Lange theory
Cannon-Bard theory
two-factor theory
adaptation-level phenomenon
If people who have just been aroused by
watching rock videos are insulted, their
feelings of anger will be greater than those
of people who have been similarly
provoked but were not previously aroused.
This is best explained by the:




A.
B.
C.
D.
relative deprivation principle.
adaptation-level principle.
catharsis hypothesis.
two-factor theory.
When Mr. Morgan began to misinterpret
his harmless symptoms of autonomic
nervous system arousal as indicative of an
impending heart attack, he suffered an
unusually intense level of fear. His
emotional suffering is best understood in
terms of the:




A.
B.
C.
D.
catharsis hypothesis.
James-Lange theory.
adaptation-level theory.
two-factor theory.
Julie will be competing in a basketball free
throw contest. Her performance is likely
to be ________ if her physiological
arousal during the performance is
________.




A.
B.
C.
D.
best; very low
best; very high
best; moderate
worst; moderate
In Chinese literature, laughing a great
“Ho-Ho” sound indicates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
anger.
happiness.
disgust.
surprise.
President Richard Nixon publicly made
the “A-OK” sign in Brazil without
knowing that in Brazilian culture his
gesture meant:




A.
B.
C.
D.
“Good luck!”
“I’m hungry.”
“I feel sick.”
“Let’s have sex.”
After receiving exciting news about the
birth of a healthy grandson, Mr. Haney
was easily persuaded to contribute a
generous sum of money to a
neighborhood church. This best illustrates
the:




A.
B.
C.
D.
two-factor theory.
feel-good, do-good phenomenon.
James-Lange theory.
relative deprivation principle.
After the excitement of her promotion
wore off, Karen started to dream about
her next promotion and raise. This
illustrates:




A.
B.
C.
D.
the Cannon-Bard principle.
the adaptation-level phenomenon.
the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.
Stanley Schacter and Jerome Singer’s theory.
A health psychologist would be most likely
to conduct research assessing the
relationship between:




A. lung disease and life expectancy.
B. prenatal hormones and brain development.
C. unprotected sex and sexually transmitted
diseases.
D. inherited genes and cardiovascular health.
Compared to a century ago,




A. deaths are more likely to be lifestyle-related.
B. fewer deaths are related to heart disease.
C. fewer deaths are related to stress.
D. the leading cause of death is chronic lung
disease.
One person, alone in a house, dismisses its
creaking sounds and experiences no stress;
someone else suspects an intruder and
becomes alarmed. These different
reactions illustrate the importance of:




A.
B.
C.
D.
biofeedback.
stress appraisal.
spontaneous remission.
the general adaptation syndrome.
Which of the following is NOT one of the
three phases of Hans Selye’s general
adaptation syndrome?




A.
B.
C.
D.
alarm reaction
fight-or-flight
resistance
exhaustion
Researchers examined MRI brain scans of
people who had lived with chronic
exposure to stress hormones. They found
that most of this group had:




A.
B.
C.
D.
a shrunken hippocampus.
an enlarged hippocampus.
a shrunken amygdala.
an enlarged amygdala.
Who is the best example of a Type A
personality?




A.
B.
C.
D.
Bonnie, a relaxed, fun-loving professor
Susan, a brilliant, self-confident accountant
Clay, a reflective, open-minded artist
Andre, a competitive, easily-angered journalist
Kelsey’s painful symptoms of indigestion
and heartburn were effectively reduced
when her parents and teachers showed
support for her decision not to go to
college. Kelsey’s symptoms of distress best
illustrate:




A.
B.
C.
D.
atherosclerosis.
a Type A personality.
hypochondriasis.
a psychophysiological illness.
A hay fever sufferer sees a flower on a
restaurant table and, not realizing it is
plastic, experiences a rapidly accelerating
heartbeat and profuse perspiration. This
most clearly illustrates that stress reactions
can result from:




A.
B.
C.
D.
hypertension.
atherosclerosis.
classical conditioning.
the proliferation of lymphocytes.
Aerobic exercise ________ the body’s
production of serotonin and ________ its
production of endorphine.




A.
B.
C.
D.
decreases; decreases
increases; increases
decreases; increases
increases; decreases
Which of the following is TRUE,
regarding smoking rates?




A. During the past several decades, smoking rates
among teens have generally dropped.
B. Smoking occurs at the same rate across
socioeconomic levels.
C. Males in the U.S. smoke at twice the rate of
females.
D. Worldwide, cigarette consumption is at an alltime low.