Transcript Final Exam

 2.
The process ______ involves fitting objects and experiences into one’s
schemas?
 a.
accommodation
 b.
learning
 c.
imprinting
 d.
assimilation
 1.
The rules for arranging language symbols to produce new meaning are
called?
 a.
syntax
 b.
telegraphic speech
 c.
grammar
 d.
none of the above
 e.
all of the above
 3.
The conceptual framework a person uses to make sense of the world is which
of the following?
 a.
schema
 b.
egocentric
 c.
object permanence
 d.
conservation
 e.
critical period
 4.
Young child’s inability to understand another person’s perspective?
 a.
schema
 b.
egocentric
 c.
object permanence
 d.
conservation
 e.
critical period
 6.
The pursuit of furthering knowledge about a topic is considered to be which
type of science?
 a.
Abnormal Science
 b.
Applied Science
 c.
Experimental Sciences
 d.
Basic Science
 8.
Reinforcement schedule that results in consistent high productivity:
 a.
Fixed-ratio schedule
 b.
Variable ratio schedule
 c.
Fixed chain schedule
 d.
Variable-chain schedule
 5.
The majority of psychologists study what?
 a.
Abnormal behaviors and feelings
 b.
Learning and memory
 c.
Everyday behaviors and feelings
 d.
None of the above
 e.
Normal behaviors and mental processes
 7.
These type of psychologists deal with topics related to teaching children and
young adults?
 a.
Social
 b.
Educational
 c.
Developmental
 d.
Community
 10.
Operant conditioning focuses on how reinforcement affects
 a.
Involuntary behavior
 b.
Voluntary behavior
 c.
Reinforced behavior
 d.
Variable behavior
 9.
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of punishment>
 a.
It does change behavior
 b.
It may cause fear of the punisher
 c.
It can produce unwanted side effects
 d.
It may suppress but not change inappropriate behavior
 11.
Two types of social learning are
 a.
Behavior modification and modeling
 b.
Modeling and cognitive learning
 c.
Latent learning and operant learning
 d.
Shaping and modeling
 13.
_______ memory hold auditory memory for one or two seconds
 a.
Episodic memory
 b.
Ecohic memory
 c.
The primary-recency effect
 d.
Chunking
 12.
The things you have in your conscious mind right now are being held in your
 a.
Long-term memory
 b.
Working memory
 c.
Sensory memory
 d.
Semantic memory
 14.
A multiple choice test may bring out knowledge you might not be able to
show on an essay test due to the process of
 a.
recall.
 b.
recognition.
 c.
confabulation.
 d.
interference.
 Which of the following is NOT a unit of thought?
 A.
algorithm
 B.
image
 C.
concept
 D.
symbol
 15.
Relearning is a measure of both declarative and __________ memory.
 A. procedural
 C. eidetic
 B. reconstructive
 D. episodic
 Who first proposed that children are born with an innate capacity for language?
 A.
B.F. Skinner
 B.
Benjamin Whorf
 C.
Noam Chomsky
 D.
George Miller
 The theory that stresses the role the environment plays in motivating behavior is
 A.
instinct theory.
 B.
incentive theory.
 C.
drive-reduction theory.
 D.
cognitive theory.
 When a child speaks in sentences but leaves out articles, prepositions, and parts of
verbs,they are exhibiting
 a.
linguistic relativity.
 b.
direct speech.
 c.
proper syntax.
 d.
telegraphic speech.
 If you are motivated because you think you can succeed and your goal is worth a lot
to you, you are illustrating the __________ theory.
 A.
drive-reduction
 B.
expectancy-value
 C.
self-actualization
 D.
competency
 What are the three parts of all emotions?
 A.
drives, needs, wants
 B.
physical, behavioral, cognitive
 C.
intrinsic, extrinsic, behavioral
 D.
social, physical, personal
 According to Howard Gardner, the type of intelligence involving skill at fine motor
 movements is
 A.
spatial ability.
 B.
body-kinesthetic ability.
 C.
logical-mathematical skills.
 D.
naturalist intelligence.
 One of the major ways of measuring __________ is to determine how well a test
predicts performance.
 A.
test reliability
 B.
test standardization
 C.
test validity
 D.
test norms
 The __________ was originally developed to help diagnose psychiatric disorders.
 A.
MMPI
 B.
Rorschach test
 C.
Myers-Briggs test
 D.
TAT
 Both the SAT and the ACT measure
 A.
aptitude.
 B.
interest.
 C.
achievement.
 D.
Learning
 B.F. Skinner’s approach is popular among psychologists because it is pragmatic
and
 A.
objective.
 B.
action-oriented.
 C.
subjective.
 D.
introspective.
 Children whose parents __________ will gradually come to value themselves for
what they are.
 A.
are self-actualized
 B.
show unconditional positive regard
 C.
exhibit self-centeredness
 D.
are emotionally stable
 Traits that Raymond Cattell considered to be at the core of personality are called
 A.
surface traits.
 B.
secondary traits.
 C.
source traits.
 D.
common traits.
 Which of the following is NOT considered an active coping strategy?
 A.
relaxation
 B.
denial
 C.
problem solving
 D.
hardiness
 The level of stress a person feels depends on his or her
 A.
mood.
 B.
appraisal of the situation.
 C.
general outlook on life.
 D.
cultural background.
 Which of the following is NOT considered a source of work satisfaction?
 A.
coworker relationships
 B.
comfort
 C.
challenge
 D.
autonomy
 Axis II of DSM-IV is used to describe
 A.
physical disorders.
 B.
developmental disorders.
 C.
stress levels.
 D.
adaptive functioning.
 In the __________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the person finds the
means to cope with the stressor and to ward off adverse reactions.
 A.
alarm
 B.
fight-or-flight
 C.
resistance
 D.
exhaustion
 General symptoms of __________ include breathing difficulties, faintness or
dizziness, nausea, and chest pains.
 A.
phobic disorder
 B.
general anxiety disorder
 C.
panic disorder
 D.
post-traumatic stress disorder
 People with dissociative identity disorder usually
 A.
suffered severe abuse as children.
 B.
experienced a strong blow to the head.
 C.
were malnourished as children.
 D.
have physical illnesses as well.
 __________ schizophrenia involves delusions of grandeur and persecution.
 A.
Catatonic
 B.
Paranoid
 C.
Disorganized
 D.
Undifferentiated
 Symptoms of __________ drugs range from nausea and “the shakes,” to
hallucinations,convulsions, coma, and death.
 A.
tolerance to
 B.
withdrawal from
 C.
addiction to
 D.
dependence on
 Which of the following describes the primary goal of psychotherapy?
 A.
overcoming one’s problems
 B.
establishing positive relationships
 C.
gaining control of one’s life
 D.
understanding one’s way of living
 Which of the following is NOT included in Robert Sternberg’s triangular theory of
love?
 A.
commitment
 B.
intimacy
 C.
friendship
 D.
passion
 A(n) ________________ is minimally involved in group decision making.
 A.
authoritarian leader
 B.
laissez-faire leader
 C.
democratic leader
 D.
transformational leader