Transcript No Slide Title

How can one extend the principles
of operant conditioning?
• Generalized reinforcers
• Extrinsic and Intrinsic reinforcers
• Positive and negative reinforcers
• Punishment
• Superstitious learning
B. F. Skinner
”Beyond Freedom and Dignity”
“Walden II”
bar-press
food
click
(as an SRF)
(as an SD)
SD: RSRf
bar-press
click
SD: RSRf
approach
food
bar-press
click
(as an SRF)
(as an SD)
food
work
food
beg
movie
borrow
steal
find
etc.
money
book
etc.
(Money is a generalized
conditioned reinforcer.)
Table of Response Contingencies in
Operant Conditioning:
What event followed
the response?
Stimulus was Stimulus was
Response
will
What will
increase
happen
to the
Response
response? will
decrease
presented
+Rf
removed
-Rf
punishment extinction
Skinner’s explanation for the
occurrence of superstitious behavior:
Reinforcement requires only an
approximate (not exact) temporal
contiguity with a response.
Extinction is “slow” relative to acquisition.
Less reinforcement is required for the
maintenance of an acquired behavior than
for its original acquisition.