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Bread a staple of the diet © Grain Chain 2016 The role of bread in a healthy and balanced diet Bread sits within the ‘Bread, rice, potatoes, pasta and other starchy foods’ group in the Eatwell plate. About one third of the food we eat should be from this group. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 The ‘Bread, rice, potatoes, pasta and other starchy foods’ group Foods in this food group include those made from grains, such as bread, breakfast cereals, pasta and rice. It also contains vegetables such as potatoes and yams. Starchy foods provide us with energy, mainly in the form of carbohydrate, and various nutrients. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Nutrients in bread Bread provides several important nutrients: Carbohydrate Provide us with energy. Protein Needed for growth. Fibre Keeps the gut healthy. Did you know? There is more fibre in wholemeal bread, but white bread also provides fibre. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Which is the main macronutrient provided by bread? Protein Fat Carbohydrate ANSWER: Carbohydrate is the main macronutrient provided by bread. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Nutrients in bread Vitamins Minerals Thiamin and niacin: For release of energy from food. For normal function of nervous system, muscles and skin. Calcium: For healthy bones and teeth. Iron: For oxygen transport in blood. Magnesium: For energy release from food. For healthy bones. Folate: For formation of healthy red blood cells. For development of nervous system. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Contribution of bread to UK nutrient intakes +Macronutrients Carbohydrate 16-20% Protein 9-11% *Vitamins Dietary fibre 20% *Minerals Thiamin 14% Calcium 19% Folate 11% Iron 15% Niacin 11% Magnesium 13% Zinc 11% Potassium 5% Selenium 5% 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 The role of bread in the UK diet Bread is an important part of the traditional British diet. Potatoes and bread have been the main starchy foods in the traditional British diet for many years. Both bread and potatoes have been common staple foods in the diet and important sources of nutrients. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 The role of bread in the UK diet Bread was traditionally eaten at breakfast, lunch and dinner. It is now more likely to be consumed at breakfast and lunch times, but not with evening meals. Bread is consumed by 33% of people who eat breakfast, making it a popular breakfast item (Gibson & Gunn 2011). 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 How many slices of bread per day do people in the UK eat on average? 1 slice 2 ½ slices 4 ½ slices 7 slices ANSWER: On average, 2 ½ slices are eaten. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 How many slices of bread per day did people eat 70 years ago? 1 slice 2 ½ slices 4 ½ slices 7 slices ANSWER: Seventy years ago people ate on average 7 slices of bread per day. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Bread intake in the UK In the 1940s (when national consumption was first measured), people consumed an average of 7 slices of bread per day. Today, the average intake of bread in the UK is 2 ½ slices. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Why has bread intake decreased? Bread (and potatoes) have declined at the expense of other starchy foods such as pasta, rice and other cereals. A larger variety of starchy foods is now available. People can chose from a large array of products including breakfast cereals, crumpets, bagels and croissants. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Why has bread intake decreased? There has been a decline of the traditional British diet. More international dishes are now consumed, such as Italian or Asian dishes, which are typically based on pasta and rice. Misconceptions about bread can also lead to lower intakes. What myths about bread have you heard? 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Myth or fact? “Eating starchy foods, such as bread, leads to weight gain.” “Bread commonly causes allergies and bloating.” “Bread can help with certain digestive problems because of its fibre content.” 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 What happens if we eat less bread? People who avoid or cut down on bread risk reducing their intakes of the nutrients provided by bread. Avoiding bread and other starchy foods altogether can lead to low intakes of fibre and important nutrients, such as calcium and iron. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Summary Bread is a starchy food. Starchy foods should make up one third of our diet. Bread contains a range of important nutrients. Bread is an important staple of the traditional British diet, but intakes are now much lower. Reducing bread intake, without replacing it with other starchy foods that contain similar nutrients, can lead to low intakes of fibre and important nutrients. 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 Quiz Time to test your knowledge! Home 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 END Question 1 How much of the food we eat should come from the ‘Bread, rice, potatoes, pasta and other starchy foods’ group? A. One third 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 B. One quarter C. One fifth Correct! Next question Incorrect Try again Next question Question 2 Which is the main macronutrient provided by bread? A. Protein 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 B. Fat C. Carbohydrate Correct! Next question Incorrect Try again Next question Question 3 Which of these minerals provided by bread is required for transporting oxygen in the blood? A. Calcium 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 B. Iron C. Magnesium Correct! Next question Incorrect Try again Next question Question 4 What is the average number of slices of bread eaten per person per day in the UK? A. 7 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 B. 3 C. 2.5 Correct! Next question Incorrect Try again Next question Question 5 Which of these foods is considered a starchy food? A. Couscous 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 B. Cheese C. Broccoli Correct! Next question Incorrect Try again Next question Question 6 When was national bread consumption first measured? A. 1940s 11-14 years cooking: Activity session 2 B. 1950s C. 1960s Correct! End of quiz Incorrect Try Again End of quiz For more information, go to: www.grainchain.com © Grain Chain 2016