Transcript Chapter 6 Behavioral Methods for Changing Respondent Behavior

Behavioral Methods for
Changing Respondent
Behavior
Dr. Alan H. Teich
Chapter 6
Factors Influencing
Respondent Conditioning
• Strength of the CR
• Relevance of US-CS relations
• Overshadowing
• Blocking
• Latent inhibition
Second Order Conditioning
Foie Gras
UCR: Dislike
UCS
CR
Geese
Ducks
CR
Conditioned Emotional
Responses (CERs)
• Learning
• Biological / genetic factors
Functional Analyses in
Respondent Behavior
• Antecedents: original or generalized CSs
• Measuring antecedents
• Assessing respondent behaviors
• Consequences
Operant and Classical Control
of Substance Abuse
• Operant control
• Take Rx
pleasant feeling
eliminate withdrawal
• Respondent control
• Rx paraphernalia
Respondent Conditioning and
Chemotherapy
• Chemotherapy used with cancer patients
can cause nausea as a side effect
• anticipatory nausea can cause sickness
just prior to treatment
• food aversion can develop with tastes
associated with treatment
Extinction and
Counterconditioning Methods
• Extinction
• Flooding
• Systematic desensitization
• Vicarious desensitization
Hierarchy of Fear of Heights
1. Standing at a closed upper-floor window and
looking out. (SUDS = 5)
2. Standing on a stepladder, 3 feet from the
floor, to change a light bulb. (SUDS = 15)
3. Standing on a balcony near the railing,
several stories above the ground. (SUDS =
25)
4. Walking on flat ground above a mountain cliff,
20 feet from the edge. (SUDS = 35)
Hierarchy of Fear of Heights
(continued)
5. Walking on flat ground above a mountain cliff,
5 feet from the edge. (SUDS = 45)
6. Hiking on a steep trail. When cliffs are very
near, there are guard rails. (SUDS = 55)
7. Being a passenger in a car traveling at the
speed limit on a narrow and winding
mountain road. When cliffs occur, there are
guard rails. (SUDS = 65)
Hierarchy of Fear of Heights
(continued)
8. Being on an extension ladder outside a
house, cleaning a second-story window.
(SUDS = 75)
9. Climbing up a 50-foot high water tower, using
a ladder with handrails. (SUDS = 85)
10. Standing on a moderately sloped roof of a
house. (SUDS = 95)
Tips on Using Systematic
Desensitization
• Make sure those involved understand the
procedure, its purpose, and its effectiveness
• Personalize the hierarchy
• Maximize experience with the CS
• Use imaginal CSs when necessary but prefer
in vivo stimuli
• Have an assistant present if SUDs are high
• Keep CS rankings available for reference
Tips on Using Systematic
Desensitization
(continued)
• Make sure the target individual has mastered
the relaxation exercises
• Do not rush through the procedure
• Do not make sessions too long
• Schedule sessions at least once or twice per
week
• Withdraw the CS if the person cannot relax in
the presence of it - reassess your strategy