Transcript Aztecs/Inca ppt File - Galena Park ISD Moodle

Aztecs and Incas
of Latin America
AZTECS
or “ Mexica” of Meso America
North America
Meso-America
South
America
Young Boys had to let their hair grow until they captured
an enemy! Short hair was a sign of manhood!!!
Aztecs would try to capture their enemy so
priest could later sacrifice them to the gods.
Aztec Food and Drink
• Families ate two meals a day.
• Meat was expensive so mostly vegetables and
breads.
• Corn or “maise” was a staple in the diet.
• Aztecs used corn to make dumplings and pancakes
later called tortillas. These were served with stewed
vegetables and hot chillies.
• Aztecs mainly drank water
• On special occasions they had beer made from cactus
sap.
• The rich people drank hot chocolate made from
cacao tree beans.
Aztec Feast
Aztec Farming and Hunting
• Aztecs grew crops on floating islands called
chinampas.
• Chinampas were held together by the roots of
trees also growing on them.
• Crops included tomatoes ,avocados, peppers,
pumpkins, beans, and peanuts.
• Aztecs hunted deer, geese, ducks, and rabbits.
• Used nets to catch fish.
• Boys gathered lizards, insects, worms,
mushrooms, and cactus leaves.
• Used human pooh for fertilizer. gross
Family Life
• Aztec families belonged to a clan called a
calpulli.
• Everyone worked together to help each other.
• Marriage was usually around age of 20.
• Most were arranged marriages done by old
women known as match makers.
• The married couple lived with grooms family and
worked for them.
• Women’s role was to cook, weave cloth, care for
children and sick.
• Men grew food and built houses
Aztec School and Calendar
• 14 years old boys and girls went to school.
• Studied history, art, religion, songs, and
counting. Boys would learn combat skills.
• Farmers used a Sun calendar that had
360 days plus 5, priest calendars had 13
months with 20 days in each.
Art and Architecture
• The Aztecs made fancy headdresses out
of feathers and gold.
• Used turquoise to make pendants and
necklaces.
• Warriors were often tattoed.
• Aztecs built stepped Pyramids with
temples at the top. To be closer to Gods.
Examples of Aztec Art
Aztec Art and Architecture
• Gods
Religion
• Aztec made many sacrifices to appease the
Gods.
• Their belief was they are living in the 5th and final
world.
• To keep their world going they offered blood by
pricking their ears at least twice a day.
• The ideal sacrifice was to cut the heart out of a
male who was young, brave, handsome, and
strong.
• To Aztecs they were the most valuable person.
• Winners of sporting events were often sacrificed.
Aztec End
• The Aztecs were conquered by the
Spanish.
• Hernan Cortez set out to explore Aztec
lands looking for Gold.
• Aztecs managed to drive them away at
first but Cortez returned and destroyed
their city and killed most of its citizens.
• The big killer were diseases the
Europeans brought with them.
Interesting Fact
• The Aztecs believed they could see a giant
rabbit in the moon.
• Go out side and see if you can find it
Incas of South America
The Sapa Inca in his golden chair as the highest
authority from the Inti Raymi
Inca trail road
Inca city Machu Picchu
Llama
• The Incas used the llama for various
reasons. One for a beast of burden. The
Incas lived in high altitudes, in the Andes
mountains, and the llamas could survive in
that cold, high, and rocky climate and had
good balance. Also, the Incas used the llama
for meat and food. Lastly, they used the
llama for their wool to make clothes and
Incan textiles.
What Incas Eat
Although potatoes were the main source of
food for the Incas other food such as
quinoa, beans, squash, sweet potatoes,
avocados, tomatoes and manioc were also
heavily involved within the Inca peoples
diet.
Inca agricultural terraces
Statue of the Supreme Inca
Pachacuti
Inca Surgery
• Incas were specialists in opening the skull
to heal injuries.
• trepanation-removing pieces of the skull to
relieve pain caused by brain swelling.
Inca Surgery
Religion
Inca believed in many gods. They worshiped
many deities and sacred places.
Viracocha was the creator of the Sun, the
Moon and the Stars. They believed Sun
was the most important servant of
Viracocha. To the Inca, Sun was the life
saver. Sun was the father of Inca emperor.
Inca Art
• Inca Pottery
Inca Women Clothing
• Woman wore a one-piece dress that
combined skirt and blouse, reaching to the
ankles and bound at the waist by a long,
wide, woven, and ornamental sash.
• The women wore sandals and head bands
• They did not cut their hair but parted it in
the middle
Inca Men Clothing
• Man usually wore a sleeveless tunic
• A large cloak, worn over the shoulders
with two corners tied in front.
• Inca sandals were of untanned llama
hide.
• Inca men cut their hair, leaving it short in
front, medium long behind
Inca Counting
• The Incas had developed a method of
recording numerical information which did
not require writing. It involved knots in
strings called quipu.
• The quipu consists of strings which were
knotted to represent numbers.
• A number was represented by knots in the
string, using a positional base 10
representation
Inca Quipu
• 586 on a quipu
Inca Music
• Inca instruments were made of wood,
reeds, pottery, bone, shell, and metal.
• The Incas played two basic kinds of
instruments: wind and percussion.
• Drums and flutes were the most common
instruments used by the Incas
Inca Flute