Transcript Presentation

Chapter Objectives
Section 1: The Spanish and French Build
Empires
• Explain the early Spanish settlement of North
America.
• Describe the colonial society in New France.
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the information.
Ch 2 Vocabulary Quiz
1. Who defeated the Aztecs in Mexico?
2. Define conquistador.
3. An English colony ruled directly by the king.
4. A group that migrated to America and developed a strict society in
Massachusetts.
5. 1st written agreement setting up laws in America by the Pilgrims.
6. Virginia legislative group that assisted in making laws for the colony.
7. The 1st long term city in North America.
8. Who was the person that brought the English to Roanoke?
9. The sea route to get through North America to Asia.
10. A colony owned by an individual.
11. John Smith, John Rolfe, and Pocahantas frequented this colony.
12. This allowed for religious freedom in Maryland.
13. Fighting between the indians and the Puritans in the colonial period.
14. A colony formed as a business adventure by a group of investors.
15. Roanoke was off the coast of what present-day state.
Why It Matters
Spanish, French, and English colonists came to
North America. The colonies they founded often
reflected the values and traditions of their
homelands. These values and traditions helped
shape core beliefs that most Americans share
today.
Thought for the Day
What is a bully?
What countries tend to “bully” other
countries?
The Spanish in America
Spanish conquerors, called conquistadors,
come to America to
1. Gain wealth and fame
2. Spread religion
3. Conquer and settle colonies
Conquistadors advantages
Swords
Crossbows
Guns
Cannons
Horses
Armor
Conquistadors
Hidalgos- low ranking nobles
Rewarded on encomienda system
Given lands for a job well done
The Early Spanish
Explorers
Hernan Cortes
1519
Mexico
To conquer land
Aztecs (Montezuma)believed he was
Quetzacoatl
550 men conquer Tenochtitlan
1521- Conquers the Aztec empire
Calls it New Spain
The Conquest of Mexico (cont.)
Why were the Spanish successful in defeating
the Aztec?
The Spanish had the technological advantage of
sophisticated weaponry and the use of horses,
which the Aztec had never seen before. In
addition, a smallpox epidemic had devastated
the Aztec population and weakened the Aztec
defenses against the Spanish.
(pages 50–52)
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer.
Francisco Pizarro
1532
Peru
Conquer land
Conquers the Incas of Peru
Francisco de Coronado
1540-42
SW US
Find 7 cities of gold
Explores TX, KS, and SW states (found
adobe pueblos)
Hernan De Soto
1539
SE US
To find gold
Explores the SE US
Buried in the MS River
New Spain Expands (cont.)
Why did many Spanish conquistadors set out on
expeditions to America?
Many of the conquistadors were searching for
fabled wealthy cities, which they did not find.
However, their search resulted in the exploration
of various regions of America.
(pages 52–54)
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer.
Spanish colonial class system
1. Peninsulares (born in Spain)
2. Criollos (born in colonies of Sp parents)
3. Mestizos (born of Sp and Native
American parents)
4. Native Americans, Africans, or mixture
of both
Spanish American Society (cont.)
How were social classes determined in the
Spanish colonies in the Americas?
They were determined by an individual’s birth,
income, and education.
(pages 54–55)
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer.
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer.
1550- Spain controls large empires
in
Mexico
Central America
South America
Caribbean Islands
What do they do in the Americas?
Mine for silver
Ranch cattle or sheep
Ranches called haciendas
Ranchers called vaqueros
1565- Create St. Augustine, FL
To protect their land claims from the
French
Oldest town in North America
Build presidios (forts) to protect their
colonists
Build missions to spread religion
Spanish Fort in St. Augustine, Florida
St. Augustine Fort
The Early French
Explorers
F/F/F 1-Fact
Flag of New France
Settlers in New France
often flew this flag of the
French Royal Navy. They also flew the French
Royal Banner, which was blue instead of white.
Today the flag of France consists of three vertical
panels of equal size. The left panel is blue, the center
panel is white, and the right panel is red. Sometimes
called the Tricolor, the French flag has remained the
same since 1848.
Giovanni de Verrazano
1524
US Coast
Looking for Northwest passage
Maps US East coast
Claims land for France
Jacques Cartier
1534-35, 1541-42
N America
NW Passage
Explored and named the St. Lawrence
River
Samuel de Champlain
1608
N America
NW passage
Establish a colony
1st successful FR colony at Quebec (New
France)
Explores North Atlantic coast
Lake Huron and Champlain
Louis Joliet & Jacques Marquette
1673
US
NW Passage
Explores the Great Lakes and MS river to
AR in a canoe
Jacques Marquette
Louis Joliet
Robert de La Salle
1682
US
Explore and claim land
Explores MS river to Gulf of Mexico
Claims land for France
Calls it Louisiana
La Salle explored the Great Lakes and
discovered mouth of the Mississippi River
The French in America
Develop colonies centered around fur
trade
Settlement very slow
Didn’t live in the colony
Traded and lived among the Indians
Have better relationship with Natives than
the Spanish and English
The French Empire in America
(cont.)
What was the main purpose for establishing the
colony of New France?
The main purpose for the colony of New France
was to establish a fur trade.
(pages 55–56)
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer.
Checking for Understanding
Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the
left.
__
A 1.
E 2.
__
Spanish for conqueror, the men
who led the expeditions to
conquer the Americas
French fur traders who lived
among the Native Americans
C 3.
__
a huge ranch
D 4.
__
the mythical northern water route
through North America to the
Pacific Ocean
B 5.
__
fort built by the Spanish in the
Americas
Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answers.
A. conquistador
B. presido
C. hacienda
D. Northwest
Passage
E. coureur de bois