Transcript Ch. 1: Native American Groups

Ch. 1: Native American Groups
Vocabulary:
conquistadors, habitat, nomad,
origins, clan, confederacy
Ancient South and Central American
Civilizations
• Olmecs
• Maya
• Aztecs
• Inca
Olmecs
• Olmecs are the first recorded civilization in
Central America and Mexico.
• The Olmec civilization led to the rise of the
Mayan and Aztec Empires
Maya
• The Mayan empire followed the Olmecs in
power.
• They were eventually overthrown by the Aztec
Empire.
Aztecs
• The Aztecs civilization was centered around the valley
where present day Mexico City is located.
• Their capitol was named Tenochtitlán (Ten-ō-chit-lan).
• The Spanish conquistadors, led by Cortez, travelled to the
Aztec Empire.
• The Aztecs performed ritual human sacrifice as part of
their religion.
• When the conquistadors discovered them they tried to get
them to stop, because killing people was against the
Spanish religion (Christianity)
• Eventually it led to the Spanish conquering the Aztec
Empire and taking control of what is now Mexico.
Early People of North America
• There are two different ideas
about the origins of Native
Americans on the continent of
North America:
1. Scientists say: The Natives
travelled from Asia over the
land bridge that grew out of ice
across the Bering Strait during
the last ice age, or travelled by
boat.
2. Some Native People say: We
have always lived here. This is
where we come from.
The Ancient People of Tennessee
• Paleo-Indians
• Archaic Indians
• Mississippi Mound Builders
• Cherokee
• Creek (Muscogee)
• Chickasaw
Archaeologists Uncovering a Native
Settlement in Tennessee
Paleo-Indians
• Archaeologists call the
prehistoric nomads of
Tennessee the Paleo-Indians
• Paleo-Indians mostly lived
in caves.
• They developed fishhooks
and spearheads for hunting
and fishing for big game,
like mammoths and giant
bison.
Archaic Indians
• The Archaic Indians
developed a tool called
an atlatl that allowed
them to throw their
spears father and more
accurately.
Mississippi Mound Builders
• The Mississippi Mound
Builders built their settlements
around rivers, like the
Mississippi.
• Archaeologists first found
evidence of farms during the
time of the Mississippi Mound
Builders.
• They built gigantic earth
mounds (as much as seven
stories high).
• Inside the mounds
archaeologists have found
people remains, spears,
jewelry, wooden carvings, and
food containers.
Cherokee
• One of the three tribes that were located in Tennessee
when it became a state.
• The Cherokee tribe is made up of seven clans: Wolf,
Paint, Deer, Bird, Wild Potato, Blue, and Longhair.
• Cherokee children learned valuable skills from adults
during the day.
– Boys learned how to make blow guns, darts, and weapons
and tools from flint. They learned how to make cabins and
canoes. They also learned how to hunt and be warriors for
the tribe.
– Girls learned how to weave baskets, make jewelry, cook,
and take care of their younger siblings. They also learned
how to gather food from the forest, like nuts and berries.
Creek (Muscogee)
• One of the three tribes that were located in Tennessee
when it became a state.
• The Muscogee had a form of government called a
confederacy, where groups of villages got together to
decide on major issues.
• It was one of the most advanced forms of government
north of Mexico.
• The Muscogee were renamed the Creek when they
were discovered by European explorers for the
Creeks that they lived next to.
Chickasaw
• The smallest of the three tribes that were
located in Tennessee when it became a state.
• Each Chickasaw family had two houses. A
summer house and winter house.
• They would paint their houses with a whitewash mixture, both inside and out.
• They used a poison made of buckeyes, or
green walnuts for fishing.
Questions about Chapter 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Which group of people performed human sacrifices
for their religion?
What type of tool did the Archaic Indians develop?
Where did most Native Americans build their
villages?
During the Mississippian period the Native
Americans built what type of structure?
Where did Paleo-Indians live?
What were the three groups of Native Americans that
lived in Tennessee during the time of statehood?
What are the seven clans of the Cherokee?