Transcript L9 Unit 3 Reconstruction PowerPoint Lecture.ppsx

Reconstruction
1865-1877
What were the plans for reconstruction?
Reconstruction = the process of readmitting the former
Confederate states to the Union
Lincoln’s
Ten Percent Plan
Pardon all supporters
of the Confederacy if
they swore allegiance
to the Union.
Pledge to accept the
end of slavery.
When 10% of the votes
did this the state could
reenter the Union.
New state constitutions
had to outlaw slavery.
No Protection for freed
African Americans
Johnson’s Plan
(President after
Lincoln’s Assassination)
Amnesty to whites who
signed loyalty oaths
States must abolish
slavery
States must pay war
debts
Radical Republicans in
Congress
Grant equal rights for
freed African
Americans
Military occupation of
the South to oversee
changes
No role for freed blacks
Voting rights for African
Americans
No vote for African
Americans
Approve 13th, 14th, 15th
Amendments
• If you had to select one of the plans,
which one would you choose and why?
• Write your answer in your notes.
Thirteenth Amendment
• ABOLISHED Slavery in the United States.
What was the Freedmen’s Bureau?
• An agency that provided food, education and
legal help to freed African Americans in the
South
New State Governments
• Johnson assigned a temporary governor to
lead each state.
• States were required to change their
constitutions
– declare that secession was illegal.
– approve the Thirteenth Amendment
The New State Governments begin
limiting the rights of African Americans
Civil rights = the rights all citizens have regardless of race,
religion, sex or place of birth.
• States began passing laws to deny civil rights to African
Americans.
• Black Codes, laws that greatly limited the freedom of
African Americans.
– Work contracts
– Had to prove the were employed
– Couldn’t own a gun
– Couldn’t rent property
Fourteenth Amendment
1. All people born in U.S., except Native Americans,
are citizens.
2. All states must guarantee citizens equal protection
under the law.
• All citizens have the same rights and privileges and protections
3. All states could not “deprive any person of life,
liberty, or property, without due process of law.”
• Any citizen accused of a crime must be informed of the
charges, be provided with legal counsel, and be given a speedy
and public trial
Fifteenth Amendment
• Guaranteed African
American men the right to
vote (suffrage).
• Having the right to vote
didn’t change lives.
• African American men could
not own land, or did not have
jobs.
Ku Klux Klan
• Created by group of white
southerners in Tennessee
• Opposed to suffrage for
African Americans
• Used violence and terror
against African Americans
• Local governments did
little to stop the violence
• Congress passed laws that
made it a federal crime to
interfere with elections or
to deny citizens equal
protection under the law.
The End of Reconstruction
• Congressmen against civil rights gain control
of the House of Representatives
• Rutherford B. Hayes (in favor of civil rights)
wins the 1877 presidential election in a
close race with Samuel J. Tilden (against
civil rights)
– Compromise of 1877
• Congress agrees to accept Hayes’ victory
• Congress removed remaining federal troops
from the south (part of the Reconstruction
Acts)
• Also known as the “CORRUPT BARGIN”
Examples of State Government Restrictions
on African Americans
Sharecropping
• Few African Americans could afford to buy or rent farms.
• African Americans became part of sharecropping system, providing
labor to land-owners and sharing their crops with them
• Sharecroppers faced debt.
Legal Segregation
Poll Taxes
Forced separation of
whites and African
Americans in public
places
African American had
to pay extra to vote in
elections
Supreme Court
• Plessy v. Ferguson
ruled that segregation
was allowed if
“separate-but-equal”
facilities were
provided.
Summary of the Main Ideas
Summary of the African American
Experience During Reconstruction
Write Your Summary