Transcript File

New England was settled by
____seeking freedom from religious
persecution in Europe
Puritans
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_______formed a “covenant community”
based on the principles of the Mayflower
Compact and Puritan religious beliefs.
New England
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The English, Dutch, and Germanspeaking immigrants seeking religious
freedom and economic opportunity was
in the _____ .
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_______, established in 1607
by the Virginia Company of
London as a business venture.
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_______was the first permanent
English settlement in North
America.
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The early Virginia “_____” were English
nobility who received large land grants
in eastern Virginia from the King of
England.
cavaliers
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A _________ is a person who agreed to work
on tobacco plantations for a period of time to
pay for passage to the New World.
indentured servants
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The middle colonies
Jamestown
Jamestown
The Virginia______, established by the
1640s, was the first elected assembly in
the New World.
House of Burgesses
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The first Africans were brought against
their will to Jamestown in ____to work
on tobacco plantations.
1619
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The New England colonies developed an
economy based on shipbuilding, fishing,
lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming,
and eventually,_____.
manufacturing
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_______developed economies based on
shipbuilding, small-scale farming, and
trading. Cities such as New York.
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The __________were home to multiple religious
groups who generally believed in religious tolerance,
including Quakers in Pennsylvania, Huguenots and
Jews in New York, and Presbyterians in New Jersey.
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Crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo
are examples of _______ grown in
the Southern Colonies.
Appalachian foothills, the economy was based
on small-scale ____farming, hunting, and
trading.
The middle colonies
middle colonies
cash crops
subsistence
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______was founded by dissenters
fleeing persecution by Puritans in
Massachusetts.
Rhode Island
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The middle colonies were home to
multiple religious groups,
including _____in Pennsylvania.
Quakers
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The middle colonies were
home to multiple religious groups,
including _____in Maryland.
Catholics
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The middle colonies were home to
multiple religious groups, including
_____ and _______in New York.
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The middle colonies were home to
multiple religious groups, including
_________ in New Jersey.
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The “_______” was a religious
movement that swept both Europe and
the colonies during the mid-1700s.
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It led to the rapid growth of evangelical religions such
as the Methodists and Baptists
and challenged the established religious and
governmental order.
Huguenots and Jews
Presbyterians
Great Awakening
Great Awakening
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Most plantation labor needs eventually
came to be filled by the forcible
importation of____.
Africans
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The part of the Triangle Trade
that brought forced Africans to the new
world across the Atlantic ocean.
“Middle Passage”
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The development of a slavery-based
agricultural economy in the Southern
colonies eventually led to conflict between
the North and South and the American_____.
Civil War
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Some of the labor needs, especially in Virginia, were
met by_______, who were often poor persons from
England, Scotland, or Ireland who agreed to work on
plantations for a period of time in return for their
passage from Europe or relief from debts.
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New England colonies used town
meetings which a type of an “Athenian”
________in there operation of
government.
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_________incorporated a number of
democratic principles that reflected the
basic rights of Englishmen.
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Southern colonies maintained stronger ties
with Britain, with ______playing leading roles
in representative colonial legislatures.
indentured servants
direct democracy
Middle colonies
Large planters
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Who wrote: all people are free, equal,
and have “natural rights” of life, liberty, and
property that rulers cannot take away.
“social contract” and
“ordered liberty” were the ideas of
_________
John Locke
John Locke
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______was an Enlightenment philosopher
whose ideas, more than any other’s,
influenced the American belief in selfgovernment.
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_____ was an English immigrant to
America who produced a pamphlet known as
Common Sense that challenged the rule of the
American colonies by the King of England
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_______was read and acclaimed by many
American colonists during the mid-1700s and
contributed to a growing sentiment for
independence from Great Britain.
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The eventual draft of the
Declaration of Independence, was
authored by _____of Virginia.
Thomas Jefferson
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The rivalry in North America between
England and France led to the
______War.
French and Indian
John Locke
Thomas Paine
Common Sense
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The eventual draft of the Declaration of
Independence, authored by _____of Virginia,
reflected the ideas of Locke and Paine.
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In the _________ Jefferson then went on to
detail many of the grievances against the King
of England that Paine had earlier described in
Common Sense.
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Thomas Jefferson
Declaration of
Independence
_________ War caused the French to be
driven out of Canada and their territories
west of the Appalachian Mountains
French and Indian
_________ was a famous American
that fought in the French and
Indian war.
George Washington
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______, which prohibited settlement west of the
Appalachian Mountains, a region that was costly
for the British to protect.
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The ________ was a taxs on legal
documents, playing cards, and
newspapers which upset the colonist.
Stamp Act
The tea and sugar Acts ,to pay costs
incurred during the ________and for
British troops to protect colonists.
French and Indian
War
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The Proclamation
of 1763
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The dumping of the Kings
Tea into Boston harbor an act done by
the Sons of Liberty.
The Boston
Tea Party
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The ________was called,
to which all of the colonies except
Georgia sent representatives.
First Continental
Congress
The ______took place when
British troops fired on
anti-British demonstrators.
Boston Massacre
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The Revolutionary War began when
the “Minutemen” of Massachusetts
fought a brief skirmish with British
troops at__________.
The Colonial group believed in
complete independence from
England.
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What Virginian said" Give me
liberty, or give me death!”
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The Continental Army was led by
________, also of Virginia.
Lexington and
Concord
Patriots
Patrick Henry
George Washington
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These colonist remained loyal to Britain,
based on cultural and economic ties?
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These colonist believed that taxation
of the colonies was justified to pay for British
troops to protect American settlers
from Indian attacks?
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These colonists tried
to stay as uninvolved in the
war as possible?
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During the Revolutionary War
_______negotiated a Treaty of
Alliance with France.
Loyalists (Tories)
Loyalists (Tories)
Neutrals
Benjamin Franklin
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________, was the general of the American army,
And he avoided any situation that threatened the
destruction of his army, and his leadership kept the
army together when defeat seemed inevitable.
George Washington
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Americans benefited from the presence
of the French army and navy at
the______, which ended the war with
an American victory.
Battle of Yorktown
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Who sent troops that helped
the Americans win the
Battle of Yorktown?
the French
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In the Declaration of independence ,
Jefferson, reflected the ideas of ______.
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American political leaders, fearful of a
powerful central government like England’s,
created the______, adopted at the end of
the Revolutionary war.
Articles of
Confederation
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Provided for a weak national government &
Gave Congress no power to tax or regulate
commerce among the states.
Articles of
Confederation
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Provided for no common currency
& Gave each state one vote regardless
of size& Provided for no executive or
judicial branch
Articles of
Confederation
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Placated the Southern states
by counting the slaves as ______of the
population when count for congress.
three-fifths
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Balanced power between large
and small states by creating a____
and a House of _____ and was made by
the great compromise.
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To avoided a too-powerful central government by
establishing three co-equal branches—legislative,
executive, and judicial—with numerous
_______among them
Locke and Paine
Senate &
Representatives
checks and
balances
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The power of the federal government is
limited to the powers identified in
the_____
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_________ was the Chairman
of the Constitutional Convention
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______ was the
“Father of the Constitution”
________, a Virginian and a brilliant
political philosopher, often led the
debate and kept copious notes of the
proceedings .
At the Convention, Madison authored
the “_________,” which proposed a
federal government of three separate
branches
________ authored the Bill of Rights
using the Virginia Declaration of Rights
and Virginia Statute for Religious
Freedom as his guided.
George Mason in _________ reiterated the
notion that basic human rights should not
be violated by governments
Constitution
George
Washington
James Madison
James Madison
Virginia Plan
James Madison
Virginia Declaration
of Rights
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Thomas Jefferson in the _______ outlawed
the established church that is, the practice of
government support for one favored church.
These people favored a strong national
government that shared some power with
the states and were in favor of the
constitution.
They argued that the checks and balances in
the Constitution prevented any one of the
three branches from acquiring
preponderant power.
These Americans also argued that a national Bill of Rights
would be redundant, because the Constitution itself
protected basic rights, and because most
states already had bills of rights that clearly
defined basic rights that the governments
could not abolish.
Virginia Statute for
Religious Freedom
Federalist position
Federalist position
Federalist position
These Americans believed a strong national government
would tend to usurp the powers of the state
governments, thereby concentrating too much power at
the national level and too little at the state and local levels
and were opposed to ratification of the Constitution.
Anti-Federalist
position
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Forced the Federalists to pledge that a
Bill of Rights would be the first order of
business of the new government
established by the Constitution
Anti-Federalist
position
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The leading Virginia opponents of
ratification were____ and George
Mason.
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Patrick Henry
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The leading Virginia proponents of
ratification of the Constitution were
______and James Madison.
George Washington
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“judicial review”--- what court
case?
Marbury v. Madison
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“the power to tax
is the power to destroy”--- what
court case?
McCulloch v. Maryland
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Important legal precedents established by the
______Court strengthened the role of the
United States Supreme Court as an equal
branch of the national government.
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The court case that broadly national
view of economic affairs was set
forth in_________.
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The _______is the first ten
amendments to the Constitution.
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The Constitutional Convention was
held in the city of_________.
John Marshall
Gibbons v. Ogden
Bill of Rights
Philadelphia
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The Federalists were led by
John Adams and_______
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The _________believed in a strong national
government and industrial economy and were
supported by bankers and business interests in the
Northeast.
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The Democratic Republicans were
led by________
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The _____believed in a weak national
government and an agricultural economy.
They were supported by farmers, artisans,
and frontier settlers in the South.
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The election of______, won by Thomas
Jefferson, was the first American presidential
election in which power was peacefully
transferred from one party to another
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_________ was the President who
in 1803 purchased the huge
Louisiana Territory from France.
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_________doubled the size of the
United States overnight 1803.
Alexander Hamilton
Federalists
Thomas Jefferson
Democratic
Republicans
1800
Thomas Jefferson
Louisiana Purchase
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__________expedition was made to
explore the new territories that lay west
of the Mississippi River.
_______, an Indian (First American)
woman, served as a guide and
translator for the Corps of discovery.
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The American victory over
the British in the _______ produced
an American claim to the Oregon Territory
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“The American continents should not be
considered for future colonization by
any European powers.”– What is this
from?
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Lewis and Clark
Sacajawea
War of 1812
The Monroe
Doctrine (1823)
“The United States would regard as a threat to its
own peace and safety any attempt by European
powers to impose their system on any Independent
state in the Western Hemisphere.”– What is this
from?
The Monroe
Doctrine (1823)
Controversy over the________’ support for the Bank
of the United States, the Jay Treaty, and the
undeclared war on France contributed to the
emergence of an organized opposition party
Federalists
The _________believed in a weak national
government and an agricultural economy. They were
supported by farmers, artisans, and frontier settlers
in the South.
DemocraticRepublicans
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The_______, led by John Adams and Alexander Hamilton,
typically believed in a strong national government and
commercial economy. They were supported by bankers and
business interests in the Northeast.
Federalists
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“The United States would not interfere
in European affairs.”– What document
said this?
The Monroe
Doctrine (1823)
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The growth of railroads and _______ helped
the growth of an industrial economy and
supported the westward movement of
settlers.
canals
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_______invention of the cotton gin
which led to the spread of the slaverybased “cotton kingdom” in the Deep
South.
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American migration into Texas led to an armed
revolt against Mexican rule and a famous battle
at the_____, in which a band of Texans fought to
the last man against a vastly superior force.
Alamo
The Texans’ eventual victory over
______ forces subsequently
brought Texas into the Union.
Mexican
The American victory in the Mexican War
during the _____led to the acquisition
of an enormous territory.
1840s
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Eli Whitney’s
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The American victory in the_____ gave the United
Sates present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah,
Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico.
The belief that it was America’s “_____” to
stretch from Atlantic to Pacific provided
political support for territorial expansion.
Mexican War
Manifest Destiny
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The “______,” is when several
tribes were relocated from Atlantic
Coast states to Oklahoma.
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What is the practice of using public
offices to benefit members of the
victorious party?
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The economic situation that resulted from
reckless speculation that led to bank failures
and dissatisfaction with the use of
state banks as depositories for public funds
Panic of 1837
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_____opposed Madison’s war (War of 1812)
resolution and talked of secession and
proposed constitutional amendments, which
were not acted upon.
Federalists
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President ________personified the
“democratic spirit” of the age by
challenging the economic elite
Trail of Tears
Spoils System
Andrew Jackson
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After the Federalist Party disappeared,
the_____ Party was made to counter
President Jackson.
Whig
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The ______was a political party formed in the
1840’s that tried to limit immigration to
protect jobs and Protestants America.
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The agricultural South opposed high
______that made the price of imports
more expensive under Jackson.
tariffs
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The Southern states developed
an agricultural economy consisting of a ____-based
system of plantations in the lowlands along the
Atlantic and in the Deep South
slavery
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The abolitionist movement grew in the
North, led by _____, publisher of The
Liberator, an antislavery newspaper
William Lloyd Garrison
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_______, wife of a New England clergyman,
wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a best-selling novel
that inflamed Northern abolitionist
sentiment.
Harriet Beecher Stowe
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In the nineteenth century the Northern
states developed an industrial economy
based on______.
manufacturing
Know-Nothings
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There were slave revolts in Virginia, they were led by
_______and Gabriel Prosser, fed white Southern
fears about slave rebellions and led to harsh laws in
the South against fugitive slaves
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The ______(1820) drew an east-west line (3630)through the Louisiana Purchase, with
slavery prohibited above the line
Missouri Compromise
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Missouri joints the Union as a slave
state and Maine joints as a free stateWhat compromise?
Missouri Compromise
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In the______, California entered as a
free state, while the new Southwestern
territories acquired from Mexico would
decide on their own.
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California comes in as a free state
and the fugitive slave laws are
introduced- What compromise?
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Who mad the Compromise of 1850
and Missouri Compromise?
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The _____of 1854 repealed the Missouri Compromise
line by giving people in Kansas and Nebraska
the choice whether to allow slavery in their states
Nat Turner
Compromise of 1850
Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay
“The great
Compromiser”
Kansas-Nebraska Act
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Who made the Kansas-Nebraska
Act?
Stephen Douglas
President Jackson threatened to send federal
troops to South Carolina to collect tariff
revenues. This was called ________.
Nullification Crisis
This law produced bloody fighting in Kansas
as pro- and anti-slavery forces battled each
other. It also led to the birth of the ____that
same year to oppose the spread of slavery.
Republican Party
______, who had joined the new Republican
Party, and Stephen Douglas, a Northern
Democrat, conducted numerous debates
when running for the U.S. Senate in Illinois in
1858.
The ____decision by the Supreme Court
overturned efforts to limit the spread of
slavery and outraged Northerners, as did
enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act
Abraham Lincoln
Dred Scott
_______which required slaves
who escaped to free states to be
forcibly returned to their owners in the
South.
Fugitive Slave Act
_______ warned, “A house divided against itself
cannot stand.” The nation could not continue halffree, half-slave. The issue must be resolved
Abraham Lincoln
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Roles of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and_________, who
became involved in women’s suffrage before the Civil
War, but continued with the movement after the war
Susan B. Anthony
Henry Clay
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Who was the “great
compromiser”?
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_______ was the president that
was a known for his use of the
:spoil system.
Andrew Jackson
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What President _____ vetoed
the second charter of Bank of the
United States?
Andrew Jackson
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Election of ______(1860), followed by
the secession of several Southern states
who feared that he would try to abolish
slavery
Abraham Lincoln
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______was the opening
confrontation of the Civil War
Ft. Sumter
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Election of Lincoln in_____, followed by the secession
of several Southern states who feared that Lincoln
would try to abolish slavery
1860
Emancipation Proclamation
issued after Battle of____
Antietam
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______was the
turning point of the Civil War.
Gettysburg
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_______ Virginia, is the site of
Lee’s surrender to Grant.
Appomattox
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______ was the president of the United States
during the Civil War, who insisted that the
Union be held together, by force if necessary
_____was a Union military commander, who
won victories over the South after several
Union commanders had failed.
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______was the
The President of the Confederate
States.
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________ opposed secession of the south,
but did not believe the Union should be held
together by force.
Abraham Lincoln
Ulysses S. Grant
Jefferson Davis
Robert E. Lee
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He was the Confederate general of
the Army of Northern Virginia.
Robert E. Lee
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______urged Southerners to accept defeat
and unite as Americans again, when some
Southerners wanted to fight on after
Appomattox.
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______was a former enslaved African American who
became a prominent abolitionist and who urged
Lincoln to recruit former enslaved African Americans
to fight in the Union army.
Frederick Douglass
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________ urged Lincoln to recruit
former slaves to fight in the
Union army.
Frederick Douglass
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_____ was a former slave who
became prominent black
abolitionist
Robert E. Lee
Frederick Douglass
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______ freed those slaves located
in “rebelling” states (seceded
Southern states).
Emancipation
Proclamation
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What made the destruction of slavery a
Northern war aim & Discouraged any
interference of foreign governments?
Emancipation
Proclamation
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Lincoln described the Civil War as a struggle to preserve a
nation that was dedicated to the proposition that “all men
are created equal” and that was ruled by a government “of
the people, by the people, and for the people.”- What is this?
Gettysburg Address
Lincoln believed America was “one nation,” not a
collection of sovereign states. Southerners believed
that states had freely joined the union and could
freely leave.- What did he say this in?
Gettysburg Address
Lincoln believed that_____ was a matter of
quickly restoring legitimate state
governments that were loyal to the
Union in the Southern states.
Reconstruction
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______ was the President that took
over for Lincoln after the
assassination.
Andrew Johnson
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Lincoln believed that_____ was a matter of
quickly restoring legitimate state
governments that were loyal to the
Union in the Southern states.
Reconstruction
Military occupation of the
southern states after the Civil
War was called _______.
Reconstruction
The _______ influence the process of Reconstruction
in a manner much more punitive towards the former
Confederate states.
Radical Republicans
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The states that seceded were not allowed back into
the Union immediately, but were put under military
occupation known as _________.
Reconstruction
_________ said that Slavery was
abolished permanently in the
United States.
13th Amendment
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____ said that States were prohibited
from denying equal rights under the law
to any American.
14th Amendment
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________ said voting rights were
guaranteed regardless of “race, color, or
previous condition of servitude”
(former slaves).
15th Amendment
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List the three Reconstruction
amendments!
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In return for support in the electoral college vote from
Southern Democrats, the Republicans agreed to end
the military occupation of the South. Known as
the_____, this enabled former Confederates who
controlled the Democratic Party to regain power.
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What ends Reconstruction?
13th, 14th, and 15th
Compromise of 1877
Compromise of 1877
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The completion of the __________
soon after the war ended intensified the westward
movement of settlers into the states between the
Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean.
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________allowed for the
enlistment of African American
soldiers in the Union Army.
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After Reconstruction former Confederates who
controlled the Democratic Party to regain power and
opened the door to the “______” and began a long
period in which African Americans in the South were
denied the full rights of American citizenship.
Transcontinental
Railroad
Emancipation
Proclamation
Jim Crow Era
Many towns and cities such in the South likes
Richmond and _____lay in ruins after the
Civil War.
Atlanta
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________ urged Radical Republicans
not to be harsh with former
Confederates.
Ulysses S. Grant
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________elected president and
served during most of
Reconstruction.
Ulysses S. Grant
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______Served as president of
Washington College, Virginia after the
Civil War.
Robert E. Lee
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________ served as ambassador to
Haiti and in the civil service .
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Many Americans had to rebuild their lives after the
Civil War and moved west to take advantage of
the________, which gave free public land in the
western territories to settlers who
would live on and farm the land.
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Southerners and____, in particular,
moved west to seek new
opportunities after the Civil War.
Frederick Douglass
Homestead Act
of 1862
African Americans
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Prior to 1871, most immigrants
to America came from northern and western
Europe (_________, Great Britain,_______,
Norway, and Sweden).
Germany & Ireland
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During the half-century from 1871 until 1921, most
immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe
(Italy, Greece, Poland,_______, and present-day
Hungary and Yugoslavia), as well as Asia (______and
Japan).
Russia & China
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__________workers helped to
build the Transcontinental
Railroad.
During this period, immigrants
from Europe entered America through ____in
New York harbor.
Chinese& Irish
Ellis Island
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During this period, immigrants
from Europe entered America through
____in New York harbor.
Immigrates first view of America was often
the_____, standing nearby, as their ships
arrived following the voyage across the
Atlantic.
Ellis Island
Statue of Liberty
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Immigrants began the process
of assimilation into what was
termed the American “____.”
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Mounting resentment led Congress
to limit immigration, through the
_______of 1882.
Chinese Exclusion Act
Mounting resentment led Congress
to limit immigration, through the
__________Act of 1921.
Immigration
Restriction
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Factories in the large cities provided
jobs, but workers’ families
often lived in harsh conditions
crowded into ______and slums.
tenements
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New York City began construction of the world’s
first____ system around the turn of the 20th century,
and many cities built trolley or streetcar lines.
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melting pot
subway
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This was the first inexpensive industrial
process for the mass-production of steel
from molten pig iron?
______ invented the first Light bulb
and electricity as a source of power
.
Bessemer
steel process
Thomas Edison
______ invented the Telephone
Alexander
Graham Bell
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The ______ invented
the first Airplane.
Wright Brothers
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Assembly line manufacturing- cars!
Henry Ford
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______ was a industrial
leader in making steel (United
States Steel Corporation ).
Andrew Carnegie
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_______ was a Banking barren and
bought out U.S Steel.
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J.P. Morgan
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_______ was in control of Standard oil which
had a monopole in the oil business!
John D. Rockefeller
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___________ was a railroad barren
who had a monopole in New City
railways!
Cornelius Vanderbilt
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After reconstruction, many Southern
state governments passed “_____” laws
forcing separation of the races in public
places.
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Jim Crow
In_________, the Supreme Court ruled that
“separate but equal” did not violate the 14th
Amendment, upholding the “Jim Crow” laws
of the era.
Plessy v. Ferguson
During the early 20th century, African
Americans began the “______” to Northern
cities in search of jobs and to escape poverty
and discrimination in the South.
Great Migration
_______led an anti-lynching
crusade and called on the federal
government to take action.
_______believed the way to equality was
through vocational education and economic
success; he accepted social separation.
Ida B. Wells
Booker T. Washington
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_______believed that education was meaningless
without equality. He supported political equality for
African Americans by helping to form the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People
W.E.B. Du Bois
President _________ made the
“Square Deal” during the
progressive period.
Theodore Roosevelt
President ________ made the
“New Freedom” during the
progressive period.
Woodrow Wilson
The _____Movement used
government to reform problems
created by industrialization.
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1. Government controlled by people
2. Guaranteed economic opportunities through
government regulation
3. Elimination of social injustices
What are these goals for?
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______ gave direct election of U.S.
Senators to the people.
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________ was the leader of
American Federation of Labor.
Progressive
Goals of Progressive
Movement
17th Amendment
Samuel Gompers
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______ was the leader of the American
Railway Union and took part in the Pullman
Strike in Chicago.
Eugene V. Debs
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______ capitalism is were
government does not interfere in
anyway with business.
Laissez-faire
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______wrote literature that described the corruption
going in big business. They got there names from
President teddy Roosevelt for they way the always
brought of muck on the companies.
Muckrakers
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Women's got the right to vote
because of the ________
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Secretary of State John Hay made
proposed the ________that would give
all nations equal trading rights in China.
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President Taft urged American banks and
businesses to invest in Latin America. He
promised that the United States would step in
if unrest threatened their investments. What
was called?
Puerto Rico was annexed by the United State
and the United States asserted the right to
intervene in Cuban affairs after what War?
19th Amendment
Open Door Policy
Dollar diplomacy
Spanish American War
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In the building of the _____ president Teddy
Roosevelt and the United States encouraged
Panama’s independence from Colombia so the
Parties negotiated a treaty to build the canal.
_______began in Europe in 1914 when
Germany and Austria-Hungary went to
war with Britain, France, and Russia.
For ____years, America remained neutral,
and there was strong sentiment not to get
involved in a European war.
____________ said the Americans
wanted to “make the world safe for
democracy.” He is the president that lead the
United States in WWI.
America’s military resources of soldiers
and war materials tipped the balance of
the World War I and led to _____defeat.
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The __________ were Presidents
Wilson’s plan to eliminate
the causes of war.
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In _______ the French and English insisted on
hash punishment of Germany and ended
WWI.
Panama Canal
World War I
three
Woodrow Wilson
Germany's
Fourteen Points
Treaty of Versailles
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The decision to enter World War I was the
result of continuing ____submarine warfare
and sinking of the Lusitania.
•Self-determination
•Freedom of the seas
•League of Nations
•Mandate system
-- What are these the key points of?
German
Fourteen Points
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In the 1920’s and 1930’s the
_______would broadcast jazz and
shows.
Radio
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______were used by presidents
Franklin Roosevelt to talk the
nation each week on the radio.
Fireside Chats
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____were use to provided a escape
from Depression-era realities.
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Movies
Traditional religion change in the in
Scopes Trial
1920’s when Darwin’s Theory was being
taught in public school because of
(Scopes Monkey Trail)
the________.
______was the banning the drinking of
alcohol and brought the ear of smuggling
alcohol /speakeasies
Prohibition
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Overspeculation on stocks using borrowed money
that could not be repaid when the stock market
crashed in ______and stock prices collapsed
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High protective tariffs that produced retaliatory
tariffs in other countries, strangling
world trade. One of these tariffs was the Tariff Act of
1930, popularly called the_____.
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1929
Hawley-Smoot Act
1. Unemployment and homelessness
2. Collapse of financial system
(bank closings)
3. Political unrest
4. Farm foreclosures and migration– What are these?
Impacts of the
Great Depression
President ______ came up
with the New Deal to help during
the depression.
Franklin Roosevelt
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Who said “We have nothing
to fear, but fear itself.”
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What does WPA
stand for?
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What does AAA
Stand for?
Franklin Roosevelt
Works Progress
Administration
Agricultural Adjustment
Administration
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One of the Consequences of the stock market crash of
_____was because of clients panicked, attempting to
withdraw their money from the banks, but there was
nothing to give them.
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High protective tariffs that produced
retaliatory tariffs in other countries,
strangling world trade (Tariff Act of 1930,
popularly called the____________)
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One of the Impact of the ____was
high unemployment and
homelessness.
Great Depression
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Recovery programs were designed to
bring the nation out of the depression
over time (_________ AAA).
Agricultural
Adjustment
Administration
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Relief measures provided direct
payment to people for immediate
help (__________—WPA).
Works Progress
Administration
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President ______ had a weekly radio were
he would relate his plans for the depression
called Fireside Chats.
The legacy of the ____influenced the public’s belief in the
responsibility of government to deliver public services, to
intervene in the economy, and to act in ways that
promote the general welfare.
1929
Hawley-Smoot Act
Franklin Roosevelt
New Deal
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______ was president during most
of the Great Depression.
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Reform measures corrected
unsound banking and investment practices
Like the _______ during the great depression.
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Open immigration in the 1920’s lead to
a rise of new groups like the
___________ which terror to control
groups of people.
Business was booming in the 1920’s,
but investments were
made with borrowed
money called _________.
World War II began with Hitler’s
invasion of _____in 1939, followed shortly
after by the Soviet Union’s invasion of
_______ from the east and the
Baltic countries.
Franklin Roosevelt
FDIC
Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
overspeculation
Poland
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In mid-1941, Hitler
turned on his former
partner and invaded the_____.
Soviet Union
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A air battle over England during
World War II was called the _____.
Battle of Britain
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During the first two years of the war, the_____
stayed officially neutral as Germany overran France
and most of Europe
United States
The ______Act gave the President authority
to sell or lend equipment to countries to
defend themselves against the Axis powers.
Lend-Lease
Franklin Roosevelt compared the
_______ to “lending a garden hose
to a next-door neighbor whose house is
on fire.”
During the 1930s a militaristic Japan
invaded and brutalized _____and China
as it sought military and economic
domination over Asia.
The United States refused
to recognize _____conquests in
Asia and imposed an embargo on
exports of oil and steel to ______.
Japan carried out an air attack on the
American naval base at Pearl Harbor,
Hawaii, on __________, 1941.
_______called Perl Harbor “a date
that will live in infamy”
Lend-Lease Act
Manchuria
Japanese
December 7
Franklin Roosevelt
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After Pearl Harbor, ______ honored a
pact with Japan and declared
war on the United States.
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In the Pacific, American military strategy
called for an “_____” campaign, seizing
islands closer and closer to Japan and using
them as bases for air attacks on Japan
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Following Pearl Harbor, _____
invaded the Philippines
and Indonesia and planned to
invade both Australia and Hawaii.
German forces threatening to seize
Egypt and the Suez Canal were
defeated by the British at the
battle of _______ during WWII.
Hitler
island hopping
Japan
El Alamein
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At the battle of _______ Hundreds of
thousands of German soldiers were killed or
captured in a months-long siege in the Soviet
Union during WWII.
Stalingrad
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The German defeat at __________
prevented Germany from seizing the
Soviet oil fields and turned the
tide against Germany in the east.
Stalingrad
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During WWII the Normandy landings
was called ______ and was know as
Operation Overlord..
D-Day
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American and Allied troops were under
General _____at the Normandy
Landing.
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American and Allied troops landed
on the beaches of Normand in Germanoccupied France on____, 1944.
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In the “Miracle of____,” American naval
forces defeated a much larger Japanese force
as it prepared to seize ____ Island.
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At the Battles of ____ and ____ brought American forces
closer than ever to Japan, but both invasions cost
thousands of American lives and even more
Japanese lives, as Japanese soldiers fought fiercely over
every square inch of the islands and Japanese soldiers and
civilians committed suicide rather than surrender.
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President _______ordered the use
of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities
of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to force the
Japanese to surrender.
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Eisenhower
June 6
Midway
Iwo Jima and Okinawa
Harry Truman
_________generally served in
segregated military units during
WWII.
African Americans
During WWII ______were assigned to
non-combat roles but demanded the right to
serve in combat rather than support roles.
African Americans
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_______were African American
who served in Europe with distinction
flying fighter planes in WWII.
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________were Asian American
who earned a high number of
decorations in WWII.
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Communication codes of the ____were
used because they did not have a
written language so it was impossible
for the Japanese to break.
The ______Convention attempted
to ensure the humane treatment of
prisoners of war by establishing
rules to be followed by all nations.
In WWII there was the ______ Death
March, were American POWs suffered
brutal treatment by Japanese
after surrender of the Philippines.
Tuskegee Airmen
Nisei regiments
Navajo
Geneva
Bataan
______soldiers often committed
suicide rather than surrender.
Japanese
The systematic and purposeful
destruction of a racial, political,
religious, or cultural group
Genocide
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Germany’s decision to exterminate all Jews was
Hitler's ____________ about the concentration
camps.
The _____trials emphasized individual
responsibility for actions
during WWII, regardless of orders received.
Final solution
Nuremberg
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1. Jews 2. Poles 3. Slavs 4. Gypsies
5. “Undesirables”
--- What are these groups for?
The People
of the Holocaust
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Six million Jews were killed during
the _____.
Holocaust
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_______was used to maintain
supply of essential products
to the war effort.
Rationing
_____and income tax were used
for financing the United States in
World War II.
War bonds
During WWII more _____and minorities
entered the labor force as men entered
the armed forces.
women
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A symbol for woman in the work
force during World War II was
___________.
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Internment Camps affected____
American populations along the
West Coast.
Japanese
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During WWII businesses had to be
_____from peacetime to wartime
production
retooled
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During WWII the ______(selective
service) was used to provide
personnel for the military.
draft
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During WWII many Japanese Americans were
relocated to _______camps, because the US
government was afraid that they would be
used as spies.
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The _____industry produced movies, plays,
and shows that boosted morale and patriotic
support for the war effort as well as
portrayed the enemy in stereotypical ways
during WWII.
The U.S. government maintained strict
censorship of reporting of the___, during
WWII.
Rosie the Riveter
internment
entertainment
war
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The end of _____found Soviet forces occupying most
of Eastern and Central Europe and the eastern
portion of Germany.
_______was partitioned
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the Allies.
World War II
Germany
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Europe lay in ruins, and the United States launched
the ____which provided massive financial aid to
rebuild European economies and prevent the
spread of communism.
Marshall Plan
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The _____was formed near the
end of World War II to create a body for the
nations of the world to try to prevent
future global wars.
United Nations
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The Cold War lasted from the
end of World War II until the
collapse of the _______in 1989.
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The ______of “containment of
communism” was a
guiding principle of American
foreign policy throughout the Cold War.
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The ______(NATO) was formed as a defensive
alliance among the United States and western
European countries to prevent a Soviet invasion of
Western Europe.
Soviet Union
Truman Doctrine
North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
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Soviet allies in eastern Europe formed
the ____and for nearly 50 years both sides
maintained large military forces facing each other in
Europe.
America, under President_____,
adopted a policy of “massive retaliation” to
deter any nuclear strike by the Soviets.
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American involvement in the
______in the early 1950s
reflected the American policy of
containment of communism.
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After communist North Korea
invaded South Korea, ______military forces
led a counterattack that drove deep into
North Korea itself.
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The American military buildup in
______began under
President John Kennedy.
After Kennedy’s ________in 1963,
the buildup was intensified under
President Lyndon Johnson.
President Nixon instituted a policy of “______,”
withdrawing American troops and replacing them with
South Vietnamese forces while maintaining military
aid to the South Vietnamese.
Warsaw Pact
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Korean War
American
Vietnam
assassination
Vietnamization
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President Nixon was forced
from office (resign) by the_____ scandal.
Watergate
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In 1975, both North and South
____were merged under communist
control after the United States left.
Vietnam
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______led a communist revolution
that took over Cuba in the late
1950s.
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Fidel Castro
In 1962, the Soviet Union stationed
missiles in Cuba, instigating the________
which all most lead to nuclear war.
Cuban
Missile Crisis
President_____ ordered the Soviets to
remove their missiles from Cuba and for
several days the world was on the brink of
nuclear war.
Kennedy
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The convictions of Alger Hiss, and _________ for
spying for the Soviet Union, and the
construction of nuclear weapons by the Soviets
using technical secrets obtained through
spying, increased domestic fears of communism.
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Senator _____played on American fears of
communism by recklessly accusing many American
governmental officials and citizens of being
communists based on flimsy or no evidence.
Julius and Ethel
Rosenberg
Joseph McCarthy
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President_____, a World War II
veteran, was assassinated
in 1963 in Dallas, Texas.
Vietnam ____returned
often to face indifference
or outright hostility from some who
opposed the war.
________“glasnost” and “perestroika”
(openness and economic
restructuring)– Who made theses?
Who said “Mr. Gorbachev,
tear down this wall”?
The heavy military expenditures throughout
the Cold War benefited ______economy
proportionately more than any other state,
especially in Hampton Roads.
President ______pledged in his inaugural
address that the United States would “pay any
price, bear any burden, meet any hardship,
support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to
assure the survival and the success of liberty.”
“Ask not what your country can do for you;
ask what you can do for your country.”– Who
said this?
John Kennedy
veterans
Gorbachev
President Ronald
Reagan
Virginia’s
John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy
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After Regan served his two term the country
elected his vice president, _____
the new President.
George H. W. Bush
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Fall of communism , in Eastern Europe,
Reunification of Germany, Collapse of
Yugoslavia, Breakup of the Soviet state all
happened when ____ was President.
George H. W. Bush
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______ was President during the
Persian Gulf War (1990–1991)
The Persian Gulf War (1990–1991)
was the first war in which American
____served in a combat role.
______ was President during
Operation Desert Storm (Persian
Gulf war).
North American Free Trade
Agreement or NAFTA was a trade
agreement by President __________
President Clinton opened full diplomatic
relations With______ in the 1990’s.
George H. W. Bush
women
George H. W. Bush
William J. Clinton
Vietnam
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NATO action in former ______ was
under the Clinton Administration in the
1990’s.
Yugoslavia
Terrorists attacks on United States
soil on _____ happened Under the
Bush Administration.
9/11/2001
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President ________Lifting of economic
sanctions against South Africa when its
government ended the
policy of apartheid.
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President _________ when
to War in Afghanistan And War in
Iraq in his War on Terror.
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This was a in the 1950’s which was a
Supreme Court decision that segregated
schools are unequal and must Desegregate?
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He was the NAACP Legal Defense
Team layer in the 1950’s and part
of the 60’s?
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_____ was the NAACP Legal
Defense Team layer in Virginia.
William J. Clinton
George W. Bush
Brown v. Board of
Education
Thurgood Marshall
Oliver Hill
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1) Massive Resistance—Closing
some schools, 2) Establishment of private academies, 3)
White flight from urban school systems
What are these?
Virginia response to
Integration of
Schools
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Participants in the 1963 March
on Washington were inspired by the “I
have a dream” speech given by_______.
Martin Luther King, Jr
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The _________ prohibited discrimination
based on race, religion, national origin, and gender
and President Lyndon B. Johnson played an
important role in the passage of the act.
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The_____ outlawed literacy tests, Federal registrars
were sent to the South to register voters and
President Lyndon B. Johnson played an important role
in the passage of the act.
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______was assassinated
in the 1960’s, but the fight for
equality went on.
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_______was the first woman
to serve on the United States
Supreme Court.
VUS.15
_____was the first female
astronaut in the United States.
Civil Rights Act
of 1964
Voting Rights Act
of 1965
Dr. Martin Luther King
Sandra Day O’Connor
Sally Ride
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The “____” ghetto is were women get
low prestige and low paying jobs.
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U.S. astronaut ____was
the first American to orbit the
Earth.
John Glenn
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In 1969, American astronaut______
was the first person to step
onto the moon’s surface.
Neil Armstrong
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Who said “That’s one small
step for a man, one giant
leap for mankind.”
Neil Armstrong
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Breakthroughs in medical
research, including the
development of the vaccine
for polio by____.
Dr. Jonas Salk
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President Regan appointment
of judges/justices who
exercised “______”.
judicial restraint
VUS.15
the _____: Monetary policy decisions
control the supply of money and credit to
expand or contract economic growth.
Federal Reserve
Pink collar
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President _____ and conservative Republicans
advocated for tax cuts transfer of
responsibilities to state governments.
Ronald Reagan
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After Regan served his two term the country
elected his vice president, _____
the new President.
George H. W. Bush
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President Regan was known
for strengthening of
the American _______.
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the president and ____: Fiscal policy
decisions determine levels of
government taxation and spending;
government regulates the economy.
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President Bush Heightened
security at home
by the ______ after 9/11.
President ______reduction in the
number and scope of government
programs and regulations on the
American people.
Hubble telescope
is a example of
_________.
military
Congress
Patriot Act
Regan
Space exploration
VUS.15
Satellite Global positioning system (GPS)
Personal communications devices
Are examples of advancements in _____.
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Political freedom and
Economic opportunity are reasons
for _________.
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The United States ____ protects the
individual rights enumerated in the
Constitution of the United States.
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Immigration to the United States
has increased from
many diverse countries, especially
Asian and ____ countries.
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The ____ movement of the 1940s, 1950s,
and 1960s provided a model that other
groups have used to extend civil rights and
promote equal justice.
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The United States Supreme Court invalidates
_______ and executive actions that the justices
agree exceed the authority granted to
government officials by the Constitution
of the United States.
Communications
immigration
Supreme Court
Latin American
civil rights
legislative acts
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