Transcript Sexy Title

“Civil War Issues”
Kimberly Morris
Samantha Sandoval
Tyler Jester
Eliana Cedeno-Rodriguez
Triad C-186
Spring 2015
• Theme: Civil War
• List topics:
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Medical Death/Military Weaponry Death
Slavery Issues
North/South
Economic Issues
Kimberly Morris
“But perhaps the most significant factor in camp
life was disease, which killed far more men than
the battle did (McClintock).”
– The meeting of the North and South during battle
was the cause of many diseases.
– The soldiers camp life was eat, sleep, and go to
the bathroom all in the same place.
– The meals for soldiers was essentially the same
kind of foods the slave owners families fed their
slaves.
Disease
• “There were no antibiotics and hardly any
vaccines, as no one knew that germs
(microorganisms) caused many diseases (“150
Pennsylvania Civil War”).”
• “Lacking professional training but endlessly
resourceful, the volunteer nurses of the Civil War
labored tirelessly to bring aid and comfort to the
sick and wounded soldiers on both sides of the
fighting (“Civil War Nurses”).”
Poor Hygiene
• “North and South, men were thrown
together in large groups living in
squalid camps, exposed to a plethora
of new and irresistible diseases, and
they died by the hundreds and were
sick by the thousands (Heidler,
Heidler, and Farr).”
• A united States Commission was
created on June 13, 1861, right
before the Battle of Bull Run to
address the horrible conditions in the
camps. Nothing came of this
commission, however, because
Lincoln wasn’t able to provide the
proper conditions. (Heidler, Heidler,
and Farr)
Nutrition
•
•
•
•
“It was difficult to supply so many men
in so many places and the North had a
greater advantage in their commissary
system was already established at the
outbreak of the war, while the
confederacy struggled for many years to
obtain food and then get it to their
armies (“American Civil War Recipes”).”
The meals were also uncooked, and
given to the soldier so they could
prepare them the way they wanted.
(“American Civil War Recipes”)
The food they were served was normally
the same kind of food the slave owners
would feed their slaves.
The food amount they were given on a
daily bases was also extremely rationed.
Did men only die of diseases, poor
hygiene, and lack of nutrition?
• No, “most of the soldiers in the Civil War did die of
disease and hunger, but there is a percentage that died
from military weaponry on the battlefield (Kimberly
Morris’ essay).”
• One of the biggest reasons disease was spreading so
rampantly throughout the camps was like Prof.
Wooster said in lecture April 20, 2015, “Medical help
could not keep up with the military weaponry that was
used.”
• There were many major battles that caused a lot of
deaths just because of the way the men went about
fighting, as in, the First Battle of Bull Run.
Conclusion
• Although many men died of shots fired to them it led
to many other reasons why the men died.
• If the men weren’t shot then most likely a certain
disease wouldn’t have occurred, but with the lack of
knowledge the doctors and nurses faced during that
time they didn’t know that not cleaning and sewing a
wound would spark many diseases and cause for more
men to die from one persons wound.
• Therefore, my argument stands that men did die from
the military weaponry that shot them, but most died
from the diseases, poor hygiene around the camp, and
the lack of nutrition on a daily basis.
Works Cited
"American Civil War Recipes Union Hardtrack and Confederate Johnnie Cakes." www.americancivilwar.com. N.p., n.d.
Web. 15 Apr. 2015. <http://www.americancivilwar.com/tcwn/civil_war/civil_war_cooking.html>.
"Civil War Nurses." www.historynet.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. <http://www.historynet.com/civil-war-nurses>.
"Civil War 150." www.history.com. N.p., 2014. Web. 16 Apr. 2015. <http://www.history.com/interactives/civil-war150#/how-they-died>.
Eric, Foner. Give Me Liberty. 4th ed. New York: Steve Forman, 2012. Print. An American History.
Heidler, David S., Jeanna T. Heidler, and Warner Farr. "MEDICINE." Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A
Political, Social, and Military History. Santa Barbara: David S. Heidler, 2000. N. pag. Print.
John, Hollitz. Contending Voices. 3rd ed. Vol. 1. Boston: Wadsorth, 2011. Print.
Kimberly Morris. Civil War. Argumentative Essay. April 20, 2015
McClintock, Russel. "Civil War." Encyclopedia of American Studies. John Hopkins University Press: Simon Bronner,
2014. N. pag. Print.
"150 Pennsylvania Civil War." pacivilwar150.com. N.p., 2010. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.
<http://pacivilwar150.com/ThenNow/Medicine/Medications>.
Professor Robert Wooster. Lecture April 20, 2015. CI 138. The Bloodiest Battle.
Shoaf, Dana. "Grappling with Death." Civil War Times 51.6 (2012): 24-25. Print.
Samantha Sandoval
• slavery issues
How was slavery in the civil
war?
• Slavery was one of the most
influential and emotional
events in American history
to date, slavery also sparked
the civil war. Is one of the
most important events that
happen in the civil war, of
course it wasn’t the main
one but it was what
impacted a lot of people and
political events in the
1800’s.The government
couldn’t decide on whether
to keep expanding slavery
into the new states and such.
Development of the cotton-gin was critical to
the success of slavery.
• The cotton-gin machine was one critical success in the slavery
for the south was one of the best inventions not just because it
help the slaves making the job easy but also because the owners
would get more profit out of it. “In many ways, cotton was an
ideal crop; it was easily grown, and unlike food crops its fibers
could be store for a long period of time” Zimmerman, A. (2015).
With the cotton-gin machine two persons could of clean more
than 100 person as using the new inventions of Eli Whitney. The
cotton become something that America needed in the daily basis
so that help the economy raise up, of course the slaves had a lot
of work to do still it was not just the machine but it was faster.
How was slavery for the north and
south?
. Slaves helped better the economy in large farms were labor
was intense for them growing tobacco wasn’t anything easy as
it sounds, but the slaves work hard to make it happen for their
owners. At the end of the American Revolution the north
didn’t show as much improvement with the slaves and the
north was dying out, as well in the south they didn’t show as
much improvement. They drop tobacco prices for the reason of
not making profits. As I explain in my background about the
invention of Eli Whitney and the cotton-gin machine help the
economy go back to make profit and for slavery to be easier
and less hard of a job, the cotton was easier to grow in the
south. Most southern owned no slaves in the (1860).
There was negotiations between owners and masters
• The negotiation that the owners and master used to have with the slaves
was really interesting such in the fact of how slaves would still work for
them but they would try to take something of that, pretty much like a deal
between both of them. “By the 19th century in allowable heads had far more
physical power over their slaves that their employees”. Steve, E. (2011).
• In the 1800 the slaves try to talk with the owner that if they were able to
work one of their land they would give him half of the profit for some
owners it was a very good deal because they wouldn’t give the slaves more
food or anything, it was a job that was done pretty much free and the only
thing that owner “white man” were interested in was making more profits
to keep owning more slaves and making their land been well take care of.
“Slaves worked at all sorts of jobs throughout the slaveholding south, but
the majority were field hands on relatively large plantations. Men, women,
and children served as field hands. The owner decided when slave children
would go into the fields, usually between the ages of 10 and 12”. Slavery in
the American south [slavery in the American south]. (2013).
Objections to Arguments
•
In my point of view slaves were
not even as good white man
could be able to do the same
work as them and it could of safe
so much stuff that happen in the
civil war, when the expansion
started I didn’t think that help as
much to the economy. Why?
Because owners had to feed,
clothed and take care of slaves
not such a good idea because
eventually the expansion of them
has to grow and it make a big deal
on how slaves didn’t want to be
separated with their family. This is
one reason why the north had
more moral to make their money
not suffering as having slaves like
the south.
Conclusion
•
slavery was one of the biggest battle that the civil war face, everything started because of
the south how they wanted slaves to make their economy grow. After that battle hundreds of
people were killed while the north wasn’t on favor of slavery and they were more moral on
how to make their own economy grow working hard without slaves. The cotton-gin was a
big change as well and of course for the south they started the slavery expansion and the
economy kind of went a little up thanks to the machine that made the job of slaves easier on
cleaning the cotton.
Sources
History.com. (2010, January 17). Retrieved April 17, 2015, from History.com
website: http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/
Leopold, M. (2003). Slavery in the History of Muslim Black Africa/The Root
Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars/Religion and Conflict in Sudan/War and Slavery
in Sudan/Changing Masters: Spirit possession and identity construction
among slave descendants and other subordinates in... . Slavery in America
Civil War, 102(409), 653-661.
R. Wooster. Notes [notes]. (2015). class notes.
Slavery in the United States. (n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2015, from a brief
history website: http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/
civil-war-overview/slavery.html
Slavery in the United States. (n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2015, from EH.net
website: http://eh.net/encyclopedia/slavery-in-the-united-states.
Steve, E. (2011). A symposium on the American civil war and slavery.
Historical Materialism, 19(4), 33-34.
Zimmerman, A. (2015). From the Rhine to the Mississippi. Journal of the Civil
War Era. 5(1), 3-37.
Slavery in the American south [slavery in the American south]. (2013). Retrieved
April 20, 2015, from constitutional rights foundation website:
http://www.crf-usa.org/black-history-month/slavery-in-the-american-south.
Tyler Jester
• North vs. South
• Strategies that made the North better
Battle of Gettysburg
• The Union had approximately 94,000 soldiers as apposed to
the Confederates 70,000 soldiers.
• The Union was beaten on the first day but soldiers were able
to regroup and regain momentum for the next two days of
battle. The Union soldiers were on higher ground which they
used to their advantage.
• On the third day, the Union Soldiers were able to establish
strong positions and push the Confederates back until they
finally retreated after the long day.
• The Union had lost around 23,000 men and the Confederates
had lost around 28,000 men.
The Battle of the Crater
• Union soldiers dug a tunnel under
Confederate territory and planted explosives
to detonate Confederate soldiers.
• The Union used coal miners to dig the tunnel
quickly.
• The tunnel was detonated killing many
Confederate soldiers, however, reinforcements
arrived quickly killing many Union soldiers.
Ulysses S. Grant
• Can be considered one of the best
generals during the civil war.
• Developed a plan to attack Robert E.
Lee and the Confederates by crossing
the James River and have his men of
the Potomac Army follow the
Confederates to watch their every
move.
• Lee had opportunity to attack during
the river crossings but never made
an attempt.
Objections/rebuttal
• The Confederates used strategies against the
Union as well. They drew up plans to attack
the Union soldiers and also included numbers
of soldiers from both armies.
• Robert E. Lee disguised his plans in a box of
cigars which were discovered by Union
soldiers.
• The finding of the plans resulted in a strategic
win for the Union
Conclusion
• The Civil War was a battle, which was fought over
slavery, resulting in the death of hundreds of
thousands of men in the United States. It took
place because the south relied on slavery to keep
the economy above water, while the north was
apposed to slavery and was becoming more and
more industrialized. The Union and Confederacy
both had different strategies used during the war,
such as using topography or sneak attacks. Some
of these attacks failed while others were
successful.
Sources
Doyle, P. (2006). Military geology and the battle of Gettysburg, July 1863.
Geology Today, 22(4), 142-149.
Ehlen, J., & Whisonant, R.C. (2008). Military geology of Antietam battlefield,
Maryland, USA—geology, terrain, and casualties. Geology Today, 24(1),
20-27.
Hennessy, C., & Barry, B. E. (2013). The civil war battle of the crater: An
engineering inspiration. . Civil Engineering, 83(9), 62-66.
Reid, B. H. (1993). Another look at Grant's crossing of the James, 1864.
Civil War History, 39(4), 291-316.
Wooster, R (2015) Lecture Notes April 22
Elianna Rodriguez
Civil War: More Then Slavery
Intro; If one were to ask the average human
being, the causes of the Civil war, that person
would most likely respond with one word:
SLAVERY. Therefore my three arguments reason
are..
• Economics/religious
• Political power issues
• The Morrill Tariffs
Background
• The Civil War lasted for four years (1861-1865), it
was between the American people of the
Northern & Southern state .
• The North was an Industrial Society while the
South was known for their fertile soil and warm
climate making crops like tobacco and cotton
their main sources.
• North= Republicans that practiced anti-slavery,
South= democratic and practiced pro-slavery
during and after the Civil War.
Argument 1: Economics, ethics &
religious.
• “Some authors have argued that ethnically
diverse societies have a higher probability of
ethnic conflicts, which may lead to the Civil
War”. “Also many researcher in political
science have emphasized the important of
religious difference which caused some
conflicts between the North and the South”. (Arnold, 2006)
• North
• Majority are Arab or
Muslims
• South
• Christians or follow
African animist religious
With religious expanding lots of different groups of beliefs
increased causing different point of views of issues during this
time, for example the north churches argued that the bible
treated slavery as a morally legitimate institution (The old
testament law)
Also during this time faith, family and beliefs are the aspect with
which people identify themselves, the characteristic for which
they fight and die.
Argument 2: Political Power
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•
•
•
•
•
In the Civil War ear political was a big issue on different beliefs and lack of equal
right. There was lots of debates on where the north favored a more central
government , while the south insisted upon the state having their own
government without federal interferences.
Lots of beliefs and opinions were being fought for , for example the south believed
in Nullification Act( the right to decide if a law passes by congress was conditional
or not.
The north argued that only the U.S Supreme court declare a law unconditional.
Another issue was the Western Territories, where the south protected the viability
of slavery and promote the intuition spread of the western territories
The north however saw the territories as the basis of an ‘empire of liberty” and
fear of western immigration, exposed to competition.
One example that I listed in my paper was the Dred-Scott case, on how court/
political issues where dealt back in this years. – (McClintock, 2014)
Argument 3; Morrill Tariffs
• Morrill Tariff, was a law that made some significant changes in how duties
were on good entering the country, and it also raised rate.
• The north northern state, were constantly trying to raise taxes on
southern state through high tariffs on imported good. The issue started
when goods coming into southern ports were being tax at a rate of
sometime over 50% of selling price.
• The federal government, forced the goods to be sold to southerners at a
much high prices, and later collect the tax , after collecting the taxes then
they will invest it in the northern industry.
• The southerner later felt like they were taking advantage , which led to
actions as aggressive and threatening. – (Scott-Smith, 2005)
Conclusion
• The Civil War was a historical event, lots of debates and
arguments are still going on till this point on all the causes
that build this war.
• When learning about this topic I would like to give some
credit to the other conflicts that led to the civil war and not
only slavery, yes it was a big impact but it was the only result
of the war.
• “HISTORY TRUTH WILL NEVER BE KNOWN” therefore I
strongly believe throughout my research and knowledge that
Religious, different diverse ethnics, high tariffs and political
power has had some sort of effect in the Civil war !