Transcript Reconstruction 3 Plans Lincoln`s Johnson, Radical Republicans

Reconstruction
3 Plans
Lincoln’s Johnson, Radical Republicans
Reconstruction: 1865-1877 – a
period when the federal government
tried to repair the damage to the
South & restore southern states to
the Union
Lincoln’s Plan
•10% plan
•Former Confederate states would be “readmitted” to
the Union if 10% of their citizens took an oath of
loyalty to the Union (amnesty) & ratified the 13th
Amendment which abolished slavery.
•Congress saw Lincoln’s plan as a threat to
Congressional authority – Legislative v. Executive
•Opposition to plan – Radical Republicans – saw
Lincoln’s plan as too lenient; wanted to punish the
South – responded with the Wade-Davis Bill -50%
(pocket veto)
•Not put into effect because Lincoln was assassinated.
Andrew Johnson’s Plan
Presidential Reconstruction
•Southern states were required to nullify their
acts of secession, abolish slavery (ratify the 13th
Amendment), & refuse to pay (repudiate)
Confederate war debts to be readmitted to the
Union
•Johnson also pardoned all rebels except exConfederate officeholders & the richest planters
unless they personally asked to be pardoned.
•South’s response: Black Codes
Radical Republican or
Congressional Reconstruction
• Military Reconstruction Act
• Increased the requirements for gaining
readmission to the Union – had to ratify the
14th Amendment & place guarantees in its
Constitution for granting the right to vote to all
adult males regardless of race (15th
Amendment)
Reasons why Reconstruction came to an end:
• The rise of the KKK
• KKK – aimed at African Americans & Southern
Republicans
• KKK goal – keep African Americans in the role of
submissive laborers & prevent them from voting –
Federal response – Enforcement Act of 1870
• People were tired of Reconstruction.
• Reconstruction symbolized corruption, greed, poor
government.
• Reconstruction meant taxes!
• The rise of the Solid South.
How did Reconstruction come to an end?
•The event marking the end of Reconstruction
was a deal made between the Democratic &
Republican Parties.
•Election of 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes (R) v.
Samuel Tilden (D)
•Compromise of 1877 – In the election of 1876,
Hayes would become the next president if he
removed the federal troops from the South.
VOCABULARY
1. Wade-Davis Bill
2. black codes
3. Civil Rights Act 1866 (citizenship to all
persons born in the US except Native
Americans)
4. Carpetbaggers/scalawags
5. Graft
6. Whiskey Ring
7. “New South”
Black Codes
- varied from state to state
- aimed to keep African Americans in a
condition similar to slavery
- included labor contracts
- children had to accept apprenticeships in
some states & could be beaten or
whipped
- included specific work hours
- required to get licenses tow ork in
nonagricultural jobs
Whiskey Ring
* a scandal during Grant’s 2nd term
* a group of government officials &
distillers cheated the government
of millions of dollars by filing false
tax reports
New South(still mainly agrarian)
* more industrial, but most people
still worked in agriculture –
tenant farmers, sharecroppers
* a thriving iron & steel industry
developed (AL)
* tobacco in NC
* debt for African Americas