Transcript Radical Republicans

RECONSTRUCTION
Period of time between
1865 and 1876 which was an
attempt to mend the rift between
the North and the South
Three Plans for Reconstruction
• President Lincoln: “With malice toward
none, with charity for all…to bind up the
nation’s wounds…”
• President Johnson: “To bring the common
farmer to power in the South, without equal
rights for blacks.”
• Radical Republicans: to take vengeance
upon the South and provide equal rights to
the freedmen.
• An indivisible nation
prevailed
• Since secession was
illegal, the south never
really left the Union
• Quickly restore the Union
• Not to punish the citizens
of the Confederate States
of America (CSA)
• Referred to as the 10%
plan
Lincoln’s Plan
Self Assessment
1. What was Lincoln view on the secession of the
Southern States?
2. How did Lincoln want to deal with the Southern
States?
3. What is this plan known as?
4. Why wasn’t Lincoln’s Plan implemented?
• Johnson was regularly at odds
with the Radical Republicans in
Congress over the issue of civil
rights for freedmen
• Johnson’s Plan called for each
Southern State taking an oath to
the Union and recognizing the
13th Amendment. Under this
plan Johnson would decide
when the Southern States could
fully participate in the Union.
• Johnson became the first
President to be impeached
• Because of the failure in
removing him a tradition was
started regarding impeached
Presidents
Andrew Johnson’s
Plan
Self Assessment
1. Why was Johnson chosen as the seceding President?
2. What position did he hold in the Tennessee? Why didn’t
Southerners respond respectfully towards Johnson? What
did this disrespect eventually led to?
3. What is a Scalawag?
Radical Republican
Plan (Wade-Davis Bill)
• Their entrance into power
was enabled by Lincoln’s
assassination
• Congress was more
punitive toward the South
• Secession states should
not be allowed back into
the Union easily and
every citizens should be
held accountable for
treason
• Supported Military
occupation of South
• Advocated voting rights
to freedmen
Self Assessment
1. What did 2 things did the Radical Republicans
advocate and implemented into the Southern States?
2. The Radical Republicans led by Thaddeus Stevens,
responsible for the impeachment of President
Johnson had a different view on how to deal with
the people within the secession states. Why did the
radical republicans want to impeach Johnson?
3. How did the South respond to this action?
The Freedman’s Bureau 1865
• It provided freed slaves and
poor whites:
1. Food
2. Medical assistance
3. Legal aid
4. Established schools
5. Supervised labor issues
6. Protected blacks from violence
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
• Granted full civil rights to
people of color
The Tenure of Office Act
• Prevented the President from interfering
with Congressional Reconstruction Plans.
Self Assessment
1. How did Johnson respond to the Freeman’s Bureau?
2. How did The Radical Republicans respond?
3. What all did the Tenure of Office Act do regarding the
President’s Participation within the Reconstructions plans?
4. After the Radical Republicans vetoed Johnson they tried to
have him removed from office, so they could have even
more control over the executive branch powers, but what
happened?
Three Civil War Amendments:
• 13th: Slavery was abolished permanently
in the U.S.
• 14th: Defined citizenship and forced
States to recognize rights of freedmen (due
process of law).
• 15th: Voting rights were guaranteed
regardless of “race, color, or previous
condition of servitude” (former slaves)
• The end of the
Reconstruction followed
the close of the election of
Rutherford Hayes in 1876
• Radical Republicans
agreed to end
reconstruction & military
occupation in exchange for
their presidential candidate
of their choosing
• This agreement was
known as the
“Compromise of 1877”
End of
Reconstruction:
• Temporary political
gains and no economic
gains.
• Opened the door to the
“Jim Crow Era”
• Segregation laws and
economic laws were
passed to keep
freedmen in a separate
an lower class
• Grandfather clause, poll
taxes and literacy tests
were used to prevent
African Americans
living in the South from
voting!
Effects
on Freed Slaves:
Self Assessment
1. Essentially what did the role of the Radical
Republicans have on the south socially?
2. What as the purpose of the Jim Crow laws and
Black Codes?
3. What were the 3 Jim Crow Laws?
Resistance to Radical Republicans
leads to Social Rebellion
Exodusters: leaving for a better life
Controversial film showing rise
of “Jim Crow” South
View of Segregation in South
Self Assessment
•
Because Reconstruction did not work as it was intended,
most moderate Republicans shifted their views towards
those held by the Radical Republicans, thus the South
responded through resistance:
1. What organization began to rise as the Social group that
would maintain the Social Order of the Old South?
2. What were the Black Codes?
3. What were Jim Crow Laws?