Transcript Goal 3 RECONSTRUCTION OUTLINE

“Reconstruction”
Goal 3 Part 4
The SECOND American Civil War
What is Reconstruction
The period of time after the Civil War
(__________________)
(Appomattox – 1877 Presidential election –
Rutherford B. Hayes)
 2 Issues of the Union AFTER the Civil War:

(1) ____________________________________
(2) Integration of _________________________
Main focus:


___ will it be done and ______ will be in charge?
2 separate plans – Lincoln /Johnson & Congress
Lincoln’s 10 % Plan/
“______________________________”
The _________ left, not the STATES
 Lincoln: *Wanted the return to the South to be
“________” and “___________”!
 *Fed. government will _____________ everyone
(except Conf. generals) of all charges IF they
_______________________________!
Lincoln’s Plan:
- 10% of the state will swear allegiance to the
Union = readmitted into the Union!
*Ratify the 13th Amendment

Johnson’s Plan

*SAME AS LINCOLN’S



Remaining Southern states must swear
allegiance, pay war debts, and practice the 13th
Amendment
Main difference:
Johnson = abolitionist ,but
_____________want former slaves to gain
any political advantage in the South.

“White men alone must manage the South”
- Johnson
Radical Republicans
(Congressional Recon.)
Small subculture of Republicans
(Left Wing Liberals) that ________ Johnson’s
plans for Reconstruction
 Led by “__________________-”
 MAIN AGENDA: Fight FOR
__________________rights! (wants African
Americans to have full citizenship (____)
and voting rights(_____) – goes against
Johnson’s plans
*** THE SOUTH SHOULD BE ___________

“______________” (Congressional
Response to Lincoln’s 10% Plan)

Passed by the ___________________
 Not 10% (as in Lincoln and Johnson)...needs
a __________ to be readmitted into the Union!
*****Lincoln’s reaction to the Wade-Davis Bill
“__________________” killed the bill
 Pocket Veto: when the President fails to sign a bill
within the 10 days allowed by the Constitution.
(ignoring it)
 RESULT: Radical Republicans think Lincoln is being
too “______________” on the South
****_________________****
CONGRESSIONAL RECON.
-Congressional assistance to former
slaves (provides ______________….)

POINT: to ease the transition from
_________________
(Johnson Vetoes
this) but Congress
overrides his veto

Freedmen’s Bureau
**Civil Rights Act ____**
(1) Gave African Americans
“_____________” Rights
Question: What Supreme Court decision took
“citizen rights” AWAY from African American
slaves?_________________
(2) Ends the ability for states to pass….
“____________”
- severe restrictions on African American
lives from 1800 to 1865
(Johnson Vetoes this) but Congress overrides

Black Codes




Freedmen were not to be taught to read or
write
Public facilities were segregated
Violators of these laws were subject to being
whipped or branded
Freedmen could not assemble without the
presence of a white person
Congressional Reconstruction
_____Amendment: (1) all persons born or
naturalized in the U.S. are citizens and (2) Equal
protection under the law
(Agreed upon because the South is not enforcing the
Civil Rights Act of 1866)
VERY IMPORTANT:
 14th Amendment = Constitutional basis / defense for
the Civil Rights Act 1866 = more strength

Proves the _________ government is getting stronger!

If the Southern States practice the 14th Amendment –
they will be readmitted and
____________________________________________
Example: Tennessee agrees to practice the 14th Amendment

*Reconstruction Act of 1867*
___________________________________
______ during the Civil War (Sovereign and
independent state governments)
 This act created “______________” (just
like borders states during the Civil War) /
Military Districts in these southern states
(Johnson Vetoed this (unconstitutional?) but
Congress overrides his veto

Military Districts/ Martial Law AFTER
the Civil War
Johnson’s Impeachment
________________: formal charges
are brought up on a government
official.
 Delivered by the
_____________________: Johnson is
NOT carrying out presidential duties
(Johnson limits African American’s
rights)
 How was he impeached……

Johnson’s Impeachment

Congress passed the
 “_________________________”
 President CANNOT remove
__________________________
 Johnson fires ________________, a
Radical Republican ally.
 Johnson is impeached, but acquitted of
ALL charges by ONE SINGLE VOTE
Andrew Johnson
1868 Presidential Election

Andrew Johnson
Vs.
Ulysses S.
Grant (W)
______ Amendment
- Introduced by the Radical
Republicans after Grant’s victory
****No one is kept from voting due to “race,
color, or previous condition of servitude.”
OVERALL: African American suffrage /
voting rights (__________)
Purpose: Congressional fear of
____________not allowing A.A. to vote
Presidential Vs Congressional
Reconstruction
Presidential (Lincoln and Johnson)
Executive branch leads Recon.
Return South “Quickly”
South “Swears” allegiance to the Union (10%)
South practices the 13th Amendment (Lincoln &Johnson)
Extension of 14th amendment is in question (Johnson)
Congressional
Congress should lead Recon.
Southern States readmission ONLY if they ratified the 14th & 15th Amend.
& the majority “Swears” allegiance
Wade Davis Bill
South should be PUNISHED
Extends the Freedmen’s Bureau, Civil Right’s Act of 1866 &
Reconstruction Act of 1867
Jim Crow Laws
____________ Southern legislation
(state and local)
that separated the races / limited the
advancement of African Americans
(1876-1965)
 Return to “____________”
T.Q. –What legislation stated “no more black
codes”? __________________
 MOST IMPORTANT: proved that, in the
long run, RECONSTRUCTION WOULD BE
SEEN AS A _________ DUE TO JIM
CROW LAWS

_______________(1896)

“__________________”
separation of races in public
accommodations is legal and DID NOT
violate the ______Amendment
KKK (Ku Klux Klan)



Confederate soldiers
Tennessee Social Club
Main goal: keep African Americans
out of “_________” – doesn’t care
about the ______ Amendment!
(African American suffrage)
KKK Violence and other former
Confederate soldiers

The federal government / Congress
passes the

_____________________________


Gives power to the fed. Government to enforce
the ____ amendment & punish those who “try
to prevent A.A. from their voting rights”.
PURPOSE: _______________
Politics of Postwar South
_________ (R)– White Southerners that
supported the Radical Republican’s plan for
Recon. (support for African American rights)
and joined the Rep. Party
*Southern version of a Carpetbagger


Small farmers who wanted to improve the
conditions of the South
Goals: Mixed - some wanted to truly help A.A /
others wanted to get the A.A vote and then use
politics to enrich themselves while in office
Politics in the Postwar South
_______________ (D) – Northerners
that move to the South
Goals: Mixed: Either make a profit
(take advantage of
War-torn South) or truly help
The South / Freedmen

Politics for African Americans

*African American culture growth*
1865-1877 (Reconstruction) – A.A. saw
more growth in POLITICS during this
timeframe than ANY OTHER period in
American history
(ALL LEVELS)
 Local, state, federal
________


1st African American Senator
VOTING RESTRICTIONS


________: pass the test = right to vote!
________: pay to vote
Discrimination?
T.Q. Which Amendment became part of the Constitution
because Congress feared that Southern Whites might try to keep
African Americans from voting????
a.
b.
c.
d.
13th
14th
15th
16th
What legislation did President Johnson Veto????
Southern Economy
Freedmen – either no money or discriminated
against by white landowner
 __________________– promised freed slaves (that
followed him)
“________________________________”
* Georgia and South Carolina Coasts
It worked – until Johnson vetoed it
Radical Republicans and other Congressmen pass
 1866 _____________________– 44 million acres in
the South – unsuitable for farming

Sharecropping vs. Tenant
Farming (CYCLE OF POVERTY)
LIFE OF AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE SOUTH
AFTER CIVIL WAR
(1) ____________________: economic necessity
forced freed slaves into “contracts” with land
owners.
 Landowners would divide their land and gave
each freed African American…some land, seed,
and tools
 Harvest / Crops come in: a “________” of the
crops go to the landowner!
(2) _________________: another bad system for
African Americans (you own your tools and
seed, but you RENT the land!
 OVERALL: A.A. were “locked in” or “trapped” in
a style of _________ / lacked capital = no
money to buy their own goods! (Slavery warmed
________________ “REDEEM” the South
(NEW SOUTH) / __________________
Redemption: Democrat’s “_____ “ to power
in the South after the Civil War
 __________…the democrats “_________”
the South (Democratic “return” to power in
the South)
 * Redeemers: Want a “return” to the
“_____________” – anti-Republican
Reconstruction / pro - White supremacy /
Return to “black codes / “the way things
used to be”
 Wants to establish “_______________” –
the ability to run a region WITHOUT federal
intervention!

Ulysses S. Grant’s Scandals
(_____ Presidential Winner)

____________________(1872)
Construction company skimmed off large
amounts of money from the
“Union Pacific” R.R. construction
 Overcharged taxpayers


____________________(1870-1875)


Internal-revenue collectors accepted
bribes from whiskey distillers (so they
wouldn’t have to pay taxes)
Federal government lost millions!
COLLAPSE OF RECONSTRUCTION
________________


1876 – _______ does not run for a 3rd
term –why?
1876 Presidential Election
Rutherford B. ____ (____)
vs.
Samuel ______ (_____)
Story: Tilden wins the popular vote but not
the electoral vote
- A commission was put together
(_________ majority) to decide the
winner = ________!!!
_____________________
Democrats “REQUEST” certain things if a
Republican (Hayes) becomes Pres.
1. Removal of federal troops in the South
(___________/ Martial Law in the South /
Recon. Act of 1867)
2. Democrats want _______________
3. Hayes must appoint a __________member
OUTCOME: The deal is made and Recon is
OVER!

Simple question – various
answers
What ended Reconstruction?
Hayes-Tilden Election
Hayes-Tilden Compromise
1876 Presidential Election
Removal of federal troops in the South
Appointment of Rutherford B. Hayes
Compromise of 1877
(All of the above are correct answers)

Flip Chart / E.Q. = Evaluate the effect of each theme through
Reconstruction / What is it giving and / or taking away from the
process of Reconstruction
*DO NOT SIMPLY DEFINE
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Lincoln’s Plan for Recon / Johnson’s Plan for Recon
Congressional Recon / Wade Davis Bill
Freedmen’s Bureau / Civil Right’s Act of 1866 /
Reconstruction Act of 1867
13th / 14th / 15th Amendments
Jim Crow Laws / Plessey V. Ferguson (1896) and
Enforcement Act of 1870 / Tenure of Office Act
Politics in Postwar South (Scalawags and Carpetbaggers)
Southern Economy / Cycle of Poverty (Sharecropping and
Tenant Farming)
Collapse of Reconstruction / Compromise of 1877
5 Southern problems and 1 (attempted) Solution