Transcript File
The Civil War and Reconstruction The South Secedes Warm Up (2 parts) Is there ever a good reason for a country to split apart? Explain with examples (either real or hypothetical). What words or phrases come to mind when you hear the words ‘Republican’ and ‘Democrat’? 1. Differences by region North – Industry- manufacturing – Saw South as backwards South – Agriculture- economy dependent on slavery – Popular sovereignty: government by the people – Saw North as greedy & trying to interfere Resources North – – – – – – – Weapons Cloth/shoes Ships RR’s Banks/money control 22 million people Army: 16,000 soldiers South – Cotton – Slaves – 9 million people (3-4 mil. Slaves) – Local militias (no standing army) – Talented military leaders 2. Georgia Had factories: – – – – Bullets Saddles Cannons ATL: RR center Pictograph Creation Create a pictograph that illustrates the various resources available to both the North and the South You can draw the entire Atlantic coast, or choose a state from both the North and the South to represent the two regions Be sure to create a legend, or map key 3. Support intensifies- 1860 election Opposers of slavery (mostly Northerers) joined the Republican Party, and supported Lincoln Southerners supported Stephen Douglas or Breckinridge Lincoln called “Black Republican” by Southerners Lincoln Wins Did not win a single southern state 4. Secession Convinced that they would always be in the minority on slavery, southern states begin to secede South Carolina seceded in December of 1860 By February of 1860, 7 states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America Class Discussion Question What problems could the new Confederacy expect to encounter as they try to fully secede from the U.S. and become their own country? (HINT- don’t just examine the war itself…consider the social, economic, and cultural problems as well) Lincoln vs. Douglas Mock Debate In class, we will be reading through an abbreviated transcript of one of the 4 Lincoln vs. Douglas debates that they participated in while running for a vacant Senate seat in Illinois (1858) Their views perfectly sum up the perspectives of the northern (Lincoln) and southern (Douglas) regions Complete graphic organizer as we read through the debate Civil War Packet: North vs. South In your Civil War packet, read the differing perspectives of Lincoln and Davis Using the primary documents and pulling out the most important information, complete both charts (at the end of Lincoln’s speech and Davis’ speech) Be prepared to share your responses Warm Up Analyze the following quote: “A house divided against itself cannot stand” How does it apply to our unit on the Civil War? The war begins…. Union=U.S. (north), Confederacy=South 5. Union blockade of GA’s Coast Cut off supply & export routes in south South thought Europeans would help – Britain, France got cotton elsewhere 6. Battle of Antietam, MD General Lee (C) winning Decided to invade North Union soldier found Lee’s battle plans Union attacked- Lee lost 25,000 died: bloodiest day 7. Emancipation Proclamation 1862 Lincoln made all slaves in Confederate states ‘forever free’ Lincoln had power to seize property (slaves) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zt65U V6Fspc Proclamation Analysis Analyze the Emancipation Proclamation and respond to each of the questions Listen to a southern slaveholder’s account of the Emancipation Proclamation and discuss focus questions as a class Short Essay- 1 page Essay Prompt: Using both the visual and literary resources you are to write an essay from the perspective of a southern slave that has just learned that the Emancipation Proclamation has been signed into law by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863. When analyzing the primary sources and organizing your essay, include your life as a slave, how the Emancipation Proclamation will affect you, and what you plan to do with your freedom. 8. Battle of Gettysburg Turning point of war Invaded north again Confederate army retreated after 3 days South demoralized Gettysburg Address- rationale for war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jsszv muZBR4&index=6&list=PL4uibkPKWdS7g6ZsFRo9iIHazoyHITf0 9. Battle of Chickamauga First 3 years, GA left untouched 2nd bloodiest battle- 1st in GA North wanted Atlanta and Chattanooga for its railroads Last Confederate victory Chattanooga captured- launch of Sherman’s March https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbs_Kblip1E&edufilter=LxYDxnZFAF3OTqL54BW2nQ Sherman’s March to the Sea View Sherman’s Terrifying Tactics – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFKFK4_h1zk Read Dolly Lunt’s account of what happened when Sherman marched through Georgia Respond to the following in 2-4 paragraphs: What tactics did Sherman use and how did he justify utilizing those tactics? Describe the reaction of Southerners. Video Questions In a one page summary, explain Sherman’s strategies, impact, and the consequences of his march through the south. Use details from the video (you may want to take quick notes!). DUE TODAY 10. Andersonville Confederate prison camp Held 30,000 Union soldiers Successful Union blockade = no food Sewage backed up Disease rampant Commander of the camp executed by North 11. Reconstruction- after the war 1865-1872 40,000 Georgians killed, cities destroyed End of slavery, but new challenges emerge 3 phases of Reconstruction 12. Freedmen’s Bureau Created to help newly freed slaves adjust to freedom Provided food, helped build schools and hospitals, legal aid Founded Clarke Atlanta & Morehouse https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=bj0vzAuHqPk 13. Presidential Reconstruction South could be readmitted to Union if: – 10% of state’s population swore oath to Union – They ratify 13th amendment Officially ended slavery in the U.S. GA only temporarily readmitted 14. Black Codes Blacks not allowed to – Vote – Testify against whites – Serve as jurors – Congress passed the 14th amendment Made African-Americans citizens and gave them full rights under law https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aAUXdd-DAh0 15. Congressional Reconstruction GA refused to ratify (pass) the 14th Congress placed GA under congrssional authority Rise of the KKK 16. Military Reconstruction GA refused to pass 14th amendment, military governors took political control Constitutional Convention held in Atlanta – Created new constitution (more accepting of blacks) – 37 African-American representatives 15th amendment – Gave black men the right to vote 17. Henry McNeal Turner 32 black legislators elected to Congress – Constantly intimidated by the KKK – ¼ were killed, beaten, or jailed – HUGELY supportive of public education Writing Assignment Imagine you’re a newly freed slave living in southern Georgia. The marketing department of the Freedman’s Bureau has asked you to help provide real information about what your needs are. – Write a letter of grievances to President Johnson on behalf of the Freedman’s Bureau, asking for needed supplies and services that would best benefit newly freed slaves 18. Sharecropping and Tenant Farming Newly freed slaves paid to rent land from wealthy landowners Sharecroppers had to use landowner’s equipment Kept former slaves in constant debt Difference: tenant farmers usually had their own equipment, sharecroppers just exchanged their work Quick Response What difficulties did blacks face after the 13th amendment was passed and the war was over? – Make sure to consider ALL discussed in class (the sharecroppers, tenant farmers, and black legislators)