Transcript First Battle of Bull Run

BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR
Mrs. Williamson
Fort SumterSouth Carolina fort on
Charlestown Harbor, originally
Union fort until April 1861.
Confederates ask for fort to be
turned over and after Major
Robert Anderson refuses to give
in to the Rebels, they open fire.
Anderson surrenders the fort.
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http://www.nps.gov/fosu/index.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Sumter
First Battle of Bull Run- Also known as
Manassas (by the South) in Virginia. On
route to Richmond, Union meets the
Confederacy in July 1861 outside of
Washington D.C. Irvin McDowell
launches the attack against PGT
Beauregard, but the union ends up
retreating.
This battle shows that the war will be
long!
http://www.nps.gov/mana/index.htm
Monitor vs Merrimack
Also known as the Battle of
Hampton Roads, The Merrimack
(CSS Virginia) sails out of Norfolk
to attack the Union fleet off of the
coast of Virginia. The CSS Virginia
hits and damages many US vessels
and on the second day, it
encounters the USS Monitor.
Both sides claim victory, although
neither side suffers damage.
http://americancivilwar.com/monitor.html
Shiloh (AKA: Pittsburg Landing)
April 6-7, 1862
Ulysses S. Grant launches a surprise
attack on Confederate troops led
by Sidney Johnston and P.G.T.
Beauregard. Although the Union
suffers the first day, they are able
to survive the “Hornet’s Nest” and
win the battle.
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Peninsular Campaign
McClellan launches this invasion to capture
the capital of Richmond. He wants to go
up the James and York Rivers, but he is
met by Confederate Joseph Johnston.
The Confeds confuse the McClellan at
Yorktown, so McClellan hesitates to attack
(it takes a month). They meet at the Battle
of Seven Pines (or Fair Oaks), and both
sides suffer casualties. The battle is
inconclusive.
Johnston is replaced by Lee, who beats
McClellan at the Seven Days Battle (June
25-July 1), which ends the campaign.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula_campaign
Antietam- Lee VS. McClellan,
September 17, 1862; First attempt by
the Confederacy to march on
northern soil. More than 23,000
KIA or WIA. Lee dares McClellan
to attack the next day, but doesn’t. It
is recorded as a Union victory, but
perhaps the rebels would have won
the battle if Lee’s messenger did not
lose his battle plans. This was the
single most bloodiest day of the
entire war.
Fredericksburg
Ambrose Burnside takes over command of the
Union and plans to take Richmond by crossing the
Rappahonnock River at Fredericksburg, VA.
The Union troops have to run across a ½ mile of
open fields and a stone fence. Once they get near
Lee and Longstreet, the Union charge up Marye’s
Heights (hill), but are not successful. Lee stays in
Fredericksburg.
At night, the wounded froze to death.
Chancellorsville
Joseph Hooker takes over command of the Union
forces. His plan is to cut off Lee’s supply lines.
While Hooker is preparing, the Confederates
attack- apparently, Hooker just starred like a
“frozen fox.”
Lee’s Greatest Victory, despite losing Jackson.
Gettysburg:
Major Turning Point in the War!
Lee’s second invasion in July 1863.
Right before the battle, George
Meade is appointed commander
of the Union forces. Lee,
Longstreet, and Pickett suffer a
major loss after three days of
battle.
Vicksburg
During same time as Gettysburg, near the Mississippi
River. Union wants Vicksburg to hold both ends of the
Mississippi River. This would split the Confederacy in
two! If they could take it, the Union could shell boats
and supplies carried from New Orleans and Memphis.
Early in 1863, Grant tries to isolate then siege the city.
After 17 days, Grant is able to take the city.
Petersburg
Last great campaign; Grant laid siege to
the city for nine long months and
each side attacked one another daily.
Although both sides suffered, the
Confederates were not able to replace
their supplies, which caused them to
surrender. Lee and his men
abandoned the city and marched
across the Appomattox River, thus
ending the war.
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