Transcript Reconstruction PPT - stjohns

Radical Reconstruction
Focus Activity
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The Civil War, 1861-1865
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Reconstruction Era
Photograph of ruins in Richmond, Virginia, taken in 1865
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Lincoln Assassination 1865
5
Andrew Johnson
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Radical Republicans
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Major Questions After the Civil War
• How should the South be rebuilt?
• How should the states that
seceded be brought back into the
Union?
• How should former slaves be
incorporated into the country as
freed men and women?
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Affects of Civil War
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Reconstructing a Nation
• After 4 years of war
and over 200 years
of slavery, could
Northerners and
Southerners rebuild
the South together?
Photograph of a Union soldier camp taken
between 1861 and 1865
• Could they unify as
citizens of the same
country?
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Punishment for the Confederate States?
• Should people
who fought
against the
United States be
recognized as
citizens? Should
they be
Illustration of the Attack on Fort Sumter from
punished?
1861
• What should be done to the Southern state
governments that fought against the United States?
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African Americans in the South
• How would freed men
and women be treated
in the Southern
states?
• How would
Northerners address
the issue of including
Photograph of an enslaved family in South
former slaves as
Carolina taken in 1862
citizens in society?
• What were some major challenges that former
slaves faced?
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Central Historical Question
Why was the Radical
Republican plan for
Reconstruction considered
“radical”?
Lincoln’s 10% Plan
• December 1863
• Proclamation of Amnesty and
Reconstruction Plan
• Pardon most Confederates
• Swear allegiance to Union
• Form new gov. and reps. in
Congress after 10% took oath
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10% Plan Opponents
• AR, LA, TN, and VA moved
toward readmission
• Plan angered Radical
Republicans
• Wade-Davis Bill
• Lincoln’s “pocket veto”
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Johnson’s Reconstruction
• May 1865, Presidential
Reconstruction
• AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TX
could be readmitted if…
– Withdraw secession
– Swear allegiance to Union
– Pay annual war debts
– Ratify 13th Amendment
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Johnson’s Opposition
• Dec 1865 Congress convened
• Rejected new Southern
legislators (congressmen)
• Freedmen’s Bureau- assisted
former slaves/poor whites
– Food, clothing, hospitals, schools,
industrial institutes, and teacher
training
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Black Codes
• Civil Rights Act of 1866
• Citizenship for African-Americans
• Prohibited discriminatory laws
(Black Codes)
• Johnson vetoed Acts
• Led to Congressional
Reconstruction
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Congressional Reconstruction
• June 1866
• Moderate and Radical
Republicans join forces
• 14th Amendment – Civil Rights
Act
• Ratified in 1868
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Reconstruction Act 1867
• Reconstruction Act of 1867
• Did not recognize state gov.
formed under Lincoln and
Johnson’s plans
• Military districts with Union
general leaders
• Citizens voted for delegates to
draft new state constitutions
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Johnson Impeached
• Impeach- formally charge
president for misconduct while in
office; to remove from office
• Tenure of Office Act 1867
• 11 charges brought against
Johnson
• “Not guilty” 35-19 vote
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Grant For President
•
•
•
•
Election of 1868
Grant (R) vs Seymour (D)
Grant wins!
15th Amendment – voting right for
African-Americans
• Passed in 1870
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