Transcript The American Civil War

The American Civil War
1861-1865
The North vs. The South
Civil War = An armed conflict between groups of
people who belong to the same country.
Abraham Lincoln 1858
• A house divided against itself cannot
stand … I believe this government
cannot endure, permanently half slave
and half free.
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The North
The South
The North
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New ideas
Industrialization
Abolitionists
Urbanization
Northern President
• Abraham Lincoln
Northern Army
• Union
Northern General
• Ulysses S. Grant
Northern Nickname
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Yankees
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The origin of Yankee is most likely the
Dutch name Janke, meaning "little
Jan" or "little John," a nickname that
dates back to the 1680s.
Perhaps because it was used as the
name of pirates, the name Yankee
came to be used as a term of
contempt.
It was used this way in the 1750s by
General James Wolfe, the British
general who secured British
domination of North America by
defeating the French at Quebec.
The name may have been applied to
New Englanders as an extension of an
original use referring to Dutch settlers
living along the Hudson River.
Yankee is first recorded in 1765 as a
name for an inhabitant of New
England.
During the American Revolution,
American soldiers adopted this term as
national pride.
Political Cartoon
• Although blacks were free in
the Northern states, they still
faced racism & discrimination.
• They were often denied jobs
and those that did find jobs
were not treated or paid
equally as whites.
• Many were in poverty and
either living in ghettos or on
the streets.
• As a result, many fled into
Canada, as the new Promise
Land
• Not everyone in the North was
anti-slavery. Many fought in
the Civil War as they did not
want to break up the country.
The South
• Old traditions,
customs
• Plantations
• Pro-slavery
• Rural
Southern President
• Jefferson Davis
Southern Army
• Confederates
Southern General
• Robert E. Lee
The Southern Nickname
• The Dixies
• The word "'Dixie'" refers to
privately issued currency from
banks in Louisiana. These
banks issued ten-dollar notes,
labeled "Dix", French for "ten",
on the reverse side. The notes
were known as "Dixies" by
English-speaking southerners,
and the area around New
Orleans and the Cajunspeaking parts of Louisiana
came to be known as
"Dixieland". Eventually, usage
of the term broadened to refer
to most of the Southern States.
The Confederates
The Confederates
• Many people in the South
were proslavery as their
economies were
depended on crops from
Plantations.
• However, only ¼ of the
population actually
owned plantations.
• Not everyone in the
South was proslavery;
many fought in the Civil
War, as they wanted to
break away from USA
(refer to causes of ACW)
Outbreak of the War
• November 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the USA.
• December 1860, 11 states decided to leave the USA
• A new country was formed called the Confederate States of America
(CSA), or the Confederacy.
• Jefferson Davis was chosen as the President for the Confederacy.
Outbreak of the War
• The issue of slavery was
not the sole cause. The
immediate cause of the
war was to stop the USA
from breaking into 2
different countries.
• It was the bloodiest war
anywhere in the world
during the 19th century.
Outbreak of the War
• On April 12th 1861, southern soldiers
opened fire on the Union Army fortress,
Fort Sumter at Charleston.
Outbreak of the War
• Slaves in Virginia began
to arrive at Union camps
looking for freedom.
They were declared as
contraband of war
because they were the
property of the enemy.
Contraband means illegal
or smuggled goods;
therefore, the north used
them to describe slaves
who sought freedom.
Outbreak of the War
• On January 1st 1863,
President Lincoln issued
the Emancipation
Proclamation, which
granted slaves their
freedom. This brought to
an end 250 years of
slavery.
• 1863, the Union began to
officially recruit black
soldiers
Lincoln on the Front
Outbreak of the War
• Mixed units were
unthinkable and
blacks were made to
serve in separate
regiments
• The 1st all black
regiment were the
54th Massachusetts
Regiment
Movie Time
• Watch the movie
Glory and complete
the ICA
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment
Battle of Fort Wagner
The War
• William H. Carney, a 23 year old black
sergeant, was the 1st black American
soldier to be awarded the Congressional
Medal of Honor.
The War
The Confederate President,
Jefferson Davis, proclaimed:
 that any black captured during
fighting would be returned to
slavery;
 any black officer in US Army
uniform was to be executed;
 and any white officer in
command of an all black
regiment was to be executed.
The War
• December 1865, after the surrender of the
South, the 13th Amendment of the United
States Constitution became law. This was
the Emancipation Proclamation.
The 13th Amendment
The War
• 6 days after the war had ended, Lincoln
was shot dead by a Southern sympathizer,
John Wilkes Booth as he watched a play
at Ford’s Theater in Washington D.C.
The Freedmen’s Bureau
• March 1865, the Freedmen’s Bureau was
established to help the newly freed slaves
adjust to their freedom.
Democratic Party flyer of 1866
(Racism)