Transcript Sherman`s “March to the Sea”

The War Ends
Chapter 9
Section 5
Why did General
Grant decide to
Capture Petersburg?
Sherman’s “March to the Sea”
through Georgia, 1864
•Sherman’s immediate goal was to
capture Atlanta (transportation center of
south)
•He met resistance in Dalton, Resaca,
and New Hope.
•Because of the resistance it took
Sherman 4 months to reach Atlanta.
•Sherman was pushed back at
Kennesaw, but eventually advanced on.
•After remaining in Atlanta for 2 months,
he began his march to the sea, cutting a
path sixty miles wide and 300 miles
long, destroying everything in the path.
•On Dec. 24, 1864, Sherman gave
Lincoln a gift of the city of Savannah.
•Now the lower south was cut off from
the rest of the confederacy.
Why did General
Sherman march his
army through
Georgia?
•On April 9,
1865, General
Lee surrendered
to General Grant
of the Union at
Appomattox
Courthouse in
Virginia.
General
Ulysses S.
Grant of
the Union
General
Robert E.
Lee of the
Confederacy
Terms of Surrender
•All officers and enlisted men in the
Confederate army would be paroled.
•All military equipment and weapons
had to be relinquished to the Union.
Why did President
Lincoln doubt he
could win the 1864
Election?
The President has been Shot!
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As President and Mrs.
Lincoln were enjoying
an evening of comedy
at Fords Theater on
April 14, 1865, actor
John Wilkes Booth
snuck into their
balcony and shot the
President
Death of a President
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The President never regained
consciousness, and died early in the
morning on April 15, 1865
His funeral procession began in
Washington, D.C. and carried his body
1700 miles before arriving in Oak Ridge
Cemetery in Springfield, IL, where he was
finally laid to rest on May 4, 1865
The Assassination
The Assassin
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John Wilkes Booth
Born May, 10 1838 in Bel Air,
Maryland--a Southern city
Began interest in theatrics in 1855
at the Charles Street Theater in
Baltimore
Booth became a common actor at
the theater
In September 1858 Booth moved
to Richmond, Virginia to act at the
Marshall Theater
At Richmond, Booth became
accustomed and sympathized to
the southern politics
Booth never joined the
Confederate army but did smuggle
medical supplies from the North
during the Civil War
John Wilkes Booth
The Victim
Abraham Lincoln
 Born on February 12, 1809 in
Hardin County, Kentucky
 In 1842, he married Mary Todd
a women from Lexington,
Kentucky
 In 1847, Lincoln was elected to
the House of Representatives
 In 1856, he went to the ran
against Stephen A. Douglas in
a losing effort to get to the U.S
Senate as a Republican
 In 1860, he ran for President
against Stephen Douglas and
won the election
The Beginning
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The Plot: Summer 1864
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Booth developed plans to give the
Confederates an advantage in the
war
Planned to kidnap Lincoln with a
group of friends
Wanted to hold Lincoln for ransom
to free Confederate POWs
Co-conspirators included Samuel
Arnold, Michael O’Laughlen, John
Surratt, Lewis Powell, George
Atzerodt and David Harold with the
help of Dr. Samuel Mudd
Booth would use John Surratt’s wife
Mary Surratt’s boarding house to
hold his meetings about his plans
April 14, 1865
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Booth went into the Ford
Theater on the morning of
April 14, 1865 and learned that
Lincoln would attend the play
“Our American Cousin”
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Booth planned that night to kill
Lincoln
Booth also gave instructions to
his conspirators
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Atzerodt was to kill vicepresident Andrew Johnson
Powell was to kill Secretary of
State William Seward along
with Harold
The Conspirators
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Atzerodt never made an attempt at killing Johnson
Powell stabbed Seward, but did not kill him
The conspirators met in Maryland and went to Dr.
Mudd’s house to hide
From there they traveled south and stopped at Garrett’s
farm in Port Royal Virginia, were federal authorities
caught them
On the morning of April 16, 1865 Booth and Harold were
trapped by federal troops
Harold gave up, but Booth refused to come out
Federal troops set the barn on fire, forcing Booth out
Booth, however, remained in the barn until he was shot
to death
The End of Lincoln
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At 8:30 Lincoln and his wife arrived at
Ford’s Theater to watch the play
Booth arrived an hour later with a
derringer and a hunting knife, after
having a drink at a saloon next door
Booth entered Ford’s Theater at 10:07,
ascending the backstage stairs to Lincoln’s
booth
Lincoln’s bodyguard was momentarily
absent
Booth moved into the room
At 10:15. Booth pointed the gun at
Lincoln’s head and fired
Henry Rathbone, a friend of Lincoln’s,
tried to take Booth down, but got stabbed
in the arm
Booth jumped 11 feet to the stage,
snapping his fibula and yelling “Sic
Semper Tyrannis” or “As Always to
Tyrannts”
Booth, then, escaped out the back door
and fled the city
Lincoln Dead
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Lincoln pronounced
dead on April 15, 1865
at 7:22 a.m. from a
GSW to the head
V.P. Andrew Johnson
immediately replaced
as president
The South, under
Reconstruction,
allowed to re-enter the
Union
Now He Belongs to the Ages!
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
WANTED~~!!
The Execution
Cost of the War
•The war cost the U.S. government
about $2 million per day or about $6
billion total.
•The south spent about $4 billion on
the war effort.
•Around 620,000 soldiers died in the
Civil War
Use the graphic organizer below to list the purposes
of the Union march on Atlanta and the effects of the
city’s capture on both sides.
Purpose
Effects
Union March
on Atlanta