Transcript The Emancipation Proclamation

Copy the following chart on the TOP part of Portfolio p61 (17.1)
Group
Response to Emancipation Proclamation
Abolitionists
(three (3) lines for each group)
Northern
Democrats
(three (3) lines for each group)
Union Soldiers
(three (3) lines for each group)
White
Southerners
(three (3) lines for each group)
Slaves
(three (3) lines for each group)
Copy the following chart on the BOTTOM
part of the page of Portfolio p61
Reasons
Results
(4 results)
1)
Emancipation
Proclamation
2)
3)
17.1 Essential Question
President Lincoln issued
the Emancipation
Proclamation in 1863. In
what ways did this
proclamation change the
course of the war?
CHAPTER 17 – THE TIDE
OF WAR TURNS
Section 1
The Emancipation
Proclamation
Today we will
discuss the
Emancipation
Proclamation
and its impact.
Vocabulary
• emancipation – the act of freeing someone
• proclamation – an announcement
• recognize – to identify or acknowledge
formally
Check for Understanding
• What are we going to do today?
• Do teachers always recognize your
right to freedom of speech?
• What is emancipation?
What We Already Know
Lincoln
believed
slavery was
morally
wrong.
Read aloud
with me!
What We Already Know
Read aloud
with me!
In a battle fought near
Antietam Creek in
Maryland, Union
forces had finally won
a slim victory against
Confederate general
Robert E. Lee.
What We Already Know
Read aloud
with me!
Britain was considering giving aid to the Confederacy, even though Britain was opposed to slavery.
Calls for Emancipation
• Abolitionists criticized
President Lincoln
because he had not
ended slavery.
• Some even said his
lack of action helped
the Confederacy.
William Lloyd Garrison
Calls for Emancipation
• Lincoln did not
emancipate
slaves when the
war began
because his first
priority was to
preserve the
Union.
• Also, he wasn’t
certain that he
had the power to
free them.
Calls for Emancipation
• He also did not want to
anger pro-Union groups
in the South and the
border states.
• He knew many white
Northerners opposed
emancipation.
• Lincoln wanted to bring
the Union back together,
not have the issue of
slavery divide the nation
even further.
Calls for Emancipation
• But Lincoln finally settled
on three reasons for
issuing a proclamation of
emancipation.
• First, abolitionists like
Frederick Douglass
convinced Lincoln that
making abolition a goal of
the war would cause tens
of thousands of free blacks
to enlist in the Union army.
Calls for Emancipation
• He also knew that if
emancipation became
a war aim, it would
change the war from
a disagreement over
the nature of the
Union to a war over
slavery.
• This would make it
more difficult for
Britain to recognize
the Confederacy as
an official country.
Calls for Emancipation
• Lincoln realized how
important slave labor
was to the South.
• Without it, the South
would grow weak and
be easier to defeat.
• By the summer of
1862, the president
had decided in favor of
emancipating enslaved
African Americans.
Calls for Emancipation
• But the Confederacy had won most major
battles so far, and Lincoln needed a victory
before issuing the proclamation.
• Otherwise, it could be seen as a desperate
act by a country losing its war.
Calls for Emancipation
McClellan’s victory over Lee at Antietam
gave Lincoln the opportunity to act.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the
slaves when the war began, but then
decide in favor of emancipation?
Choose the statement that is NOT true!
1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the
slaves when the war began, but then
decide in favor of emancipation?
A. He did not believe he had the power under the
Constitution to abolish slavery where it already
existed.
B. He did not want to anger the four slave states
that remained in the Union.
C. He knew that most Northern Democrats, and
many Republicans, opposed emancipation.
D. He was concerned about the effects of
emancipation on the national economy.
Choose the statement that is NOT true!
Why did Lincoln decide in favor of
emancipation?
Why did Lincoln decide in favor of
emancipation?
A. He used it as a political tactic to split the
Northern Democratic Party.
B. He knew that without slave labor, the
South would grow weak and be easier to
defeat.
C. He knew that emancipation would irritate
and annoy Southerners.
D. Grant's victory at New Orleans had
stirred the nation and made the people
more supportive of emancipation.
2. What battlefield victory gave
Lincoln the opportunity to issue
the Emancipation Proclamation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Chancellorsville
Second Bull run
Antietam
Gettysburg
The Emancipation Proclamation
• As of January 1, 1863, Lincoln’s Emancipation
Proclamation would free all the slaves in
Confederate states still in rebellion against the
United States.
• Lincoln argued that ending slavery would
weaken the Confederacy. As Commander-inChief, he was allowed to take such action.
• Lincoln did not have the power to end slavery in
the North, but he did ask Congress to gradually
abolish slavery everywhere.
The Emancipation Proclamation
• Since the proclamation only applied to
slaves in the Confederacy, where Lincoln
couldn’t enforce it, few slaves were affected.
• But it was an important symbolic measure.
For the North, the Civil War was now a war
of liberation.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
What was the Emancipation
Proclamation?
The Emancipation
Proclamation was an
executive order issued by
Abraham Lincoln freeing
the slaves in all regions
that were in rebellion
against the Union on
January 1, 1863.
3. Why were few slaves freed by the
Emancipation Proclamation?
3. Why were few slaves freed by the
Emancipation Proclamation?
A. It only freed slaves in the Border
States.
B. It only freed slaves in slave states
that remained loyal to the Union.
C. It only freed slaves in United
States territories.
D. It only freed slaves in states still
in rebellion against the United
States.
Response to the Proclamation
In the North, abolitionists rejoiced, although
many believed that Lincoln should free all
slaves, including those in the border states.
Response to the Proclamation
Many Northern Democrats worried that the
proclamation would only prolong the war by
further angering the South.
Response to the Proclamation
Most Union
soldiers welcomed
emancipation
because it would
help to weaken the
South.
Response to the Proclamation
Southern whites were outraged at the thought
that Lincoln was threatening their way of life.
Response to the Proclamation
With so many Southern men away fighting
far from the plantations, news of the
proclamation caused slaves to become
defiant and disobedient.
Response to the Proclamation
Whenever the Northern armies drew near,
many slaves ran away to Union lines,
depriving the Confederacy of labor.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
How did Southerners react to the
Emancipation Proclamation?
A. Most ignored it as
something that could
never be done.
B. Most were outraged
because it threatened
their way of life.
C. Most were unaware of
it, since Southern
newspapers didn’t
write about it.
D. Most trivialized it by
making jokes about it.
4. How did the Emancipation
Proclamation change the
course of the war?
Choose all that are true!
4. How did the Emancipation
Proclamation change the
course of the war?
A. It freed over 8 million slaves immediately.
B. It informed European nations that the war
was now a holy war for freedom.
C. It forced the Confederacy into the position
of fighting a war specifically to preserve
slavery.
D. It announced that African Americans
would be allowed to enlist in the Union
army.
Choose all that are true!
Lesson 17.1b:
The
Emancipation
Proclamation
and African
American
Soldiers
Today we will
describe the role
of black soldiers in
the Civil War.
What We Already Know
By the summer
of 1862, the
Confederacy had
won most major
battles and Lee
was preparing to
invade Maryland.
What We Already Know
With every rebel victory,
the British government
grew closer to recognizing
the Confederacy and
providing it with aid.
What We Already Know
President Lincoln issued
the Emancipation
Proclamation, freeing all
slaves in Confederate
hands and forcing
Britain to withhold aid
from the South.
African American Soldiers
Before the Emancipation Proclamation,
the government had discouraged black
enlistment.
African American Soldiers
• Lincoln’s Emancipation
Proclamation invited
African Americans to
join the Union army.
• Frederick Douglass
praised the decision,
believing that military
service by blacks would
guarantee their rights to
citizenship.
African American Soldiers
After emancipation, African
Americans rushed to join the army.
African American Soldiers
By the end of the war, 180,000 Black
soldiers had fought for the Union army.
African American Soldiers
African-American soldiers fought in
all-black units led by white officers.
African American Soldiers
African Americans often were assigned the
worst jobs and paid less than white soldiers.
African American Soldiers
But African
American
soldiers
showed great
courage on the
battlefield.
The 54th Massachusetts
The most famous black
regiment of the war was the
54th Massachusetts.
The 54th Massachusetts
The regiment’s
bravery at Fort
Wagner, South
Carolina in
July 1863
made it
popular in the
North, and
increased
African
American
enlistment.
The 54th Massachusetts
Sergeant W.H. Carney
was awarded the
Medal of Honor for his
bravery in recovering
the Union colors at
Fort Wagner.
The 54th Massachusetts
African Americans faced greater
danger than whites if captured.
Southerners rarely took African
Americans as prisoners.
The 54th Massachusetts
Instead, they often executed black soldiers
or returned them to slavery.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
5. How did the 54th Massachusetts
Regiment become famous?
5. How did the 54th Massachusetts
Regiment become famous?
A. As the first African American military
unit to see combat
B. For its heroism at Fort Wagner
C. As the first American military unit to
be commanded by black officers
D. For being the largest black regiment
of the war
6. Why did African American soldiers
often face greater hardships than white
soldiers, and greater danger if captured?
Choose all that are
true!
6. Why did African American soldiers
often face greater hardships than white
soldiers, and greater danger if captured?
A. They were never allowed to
rise above the rank of
private.
B. They were often given the
worst jobs.
C. They were given less pay.
D. When captured, they were
frequently shot or returned
to slavery.
Choose all that are
true!
Study Questions 17.1 (1-6)
Copy the following SQ’s on Portfolio p51
1. Why did Lincoln hesitate to free the slaves when the
war began, but then decide in favor of emancipation?
2. What battlefield victory gave Lincoln the opportunity to
issue the Emancipation Proclamation?
3. Why were few slaves freed by the Emancipation
Proclamation?
4. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the
course of the war?
5. How did the 54th Massachusetts become famous?
6. Why did black soldiers often face greater hardships
than white soldiers, and great danger if captured?