Transcript Why? essential question: What defined the Civil War?

consider:
Think of someone close to you (i.e. a
sibling or a close friend). There are
times when you have disagreed with
that person. Would you
let someone else attack
them for what they
believed? Would you
help someone else
attack that person close
to you?
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 1: UPPER SOUTH SECEDES, WAR BEGINS /
ADVANTAGES
We have done fill in the blank notes a few times now. For this section,
you must read to preview. The only way to know what will go in the
blanks and what additional information to write is to listen carefully to
the discussion after you preview.
Upper South Secedes and War Begins:
Fort Sumter April 12, 1861
Fort Sumter April 12, 1861
border
states
(MO, KY,
MD, DL)
Upper
South
(AR, TN,
NC, VA)
Advantages:
After Fort Sumter, both sides are established:
11 Southern states
in the Confederacy vs.
the rest of the United States
in the Union.
Read the charts on the
Union’s (North) and
Confederacy’s (South) advantages (see p. 229 in text
for more information).
Then, we will view some slides that will give you
information to put under “Other things to consider.”
The United States as they were before the war. Note that
Washington, Utah, Colorado, Nebraska, and New Mexico
were territories, and not states, in 1861. This indicates that
few people besides Native Americans lived there.
The eleven Confederate States. Note that Missouri,
Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware did not secede, though
they were slave states. West Virginia formed early in the
war when it was occupied by Union forces, but did not join
the Union as a state until 1863.
The capitals of the North and South are about 100 miles
apart: Union (USA) capital is Washington, DC and
Confederate States of America (CSA) capital: Richmond, VA.
The North had a lot of advantages, but did they have the
most important advantages?
Now, compare and rank (1-10) all of the
advantages in your groups.
1 = most important overall advantage
10 = least important overall advantage
Who had the advantage in the Civil War?
Possible main idea sentences:
• The Union had the advantage in the Civil War.
• The Confederacy had the advantage in the Civil War.
Possible support sentences:
• The Union had a larger population to use as soldiers.
• The Confederacy had higher morale due to their land
being invaded by outsiders.
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 2: MAPS AND STRATEGIES
What to label on your
map (see notes,
textbook pages 233
and 1010-11, and map
on the left):
Confederacy
Union
border states
Richmond, VA
Washington, DC
Mississippi River
Atlantic Ocean
Consider the map and the advantages that
each side had.
What are some possible strategies that each
side might use?
In other words, what would you do if you
were a Union general to win? What would
you do if you were a Confederate general to
win?
How can I
attack the
other
side?
The North’s Strategy:
The Anaconda Plan
The Anaconda Plan
1. blockade (block with
ships) Confederate coast
2. take Mississippi to cut
Confederacy in two
3. capture CSA capital of
Richmond
As you illustrate this on your map, consider these
illustrations.
The Anaconda Plan
1. blockade (block with
ships) Confederate coast
2. take Mississippi to cut
Confederacy in two
3. capture CSA capital of
Richmond
The South’s Strategy:
1. Defend the homeland
The South’s Strategy:
2. Use King Cotton to get foreign countries
to recognize the CSA and help
“RECOGNITION”
OR “NO.”
Lincoln
France
CSA
Great Britain
J. Bell to
Napoleon III.
“Can you
recognize that
thing they call
the C.S.A?” Nap.
“Well, I think I
could if ‘twere
not for that Big
Fellow who
stands in front.”
consider:
Who do you think had the better strategy at
the beginning of the Civil War? Why?
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 3: THE FIRST YEAR
War in the East (1861-62):
1st Bull Run July 1861
War in the East (1861-62):
Confederate General Robert
E. Lee
Union General “Tardy” George
McClellan
The Oceanfront (1861-62):
The War in the West 1861-1862
This time period covers July of 1861 to July of 1862,
the first year of the war.
Which parts of the Union’s Anaconda Plan
was working in the first year of the war?
Within your groups, quiz each other on the terms
that we have covered so far about the Civil War.
Whoever woke up the latest this morning will start.
As you are being quizzed, write the terms that you
know, sort of know, and don’t know in the chart on
your page. We will switch after a couple minutes.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Confederacy
Union
Jefferson Davis
Abraham Lincoln
Fort Sumter
Anaconda Plan
border states
•
•
•
•
•
•
King Cotton
1st Bull Run
“Stonewall” Jackson
U.S. Grant
Robert E. Lee
“Tardy” George
McClellan
Pretend that you are a Union or Confederate soldier. What
are some things that you might say in a letter about the
first year of the war and how it has affected you? Try to
use some terms from the left column of the chart above.
You may begin by saying how you are doing in the war and
add what you think about some of the terms or what a
soldier might have heard about some of these terms.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Confederacy
Union
Jefferson Davis
Abraham Lincoln
Fort Sumter
Anaconda Plan
border states
•
•
•
•
•
•
King Cotton
1st Bull Run
“Stonewall” Jackson
U.S. Grant
Robert E. Lee
“Tardy” George
McClellan
wartime photographs
some information to help visualize the
experience of the soldier for your journal or
letter:
• uniforms
• 1st Bull Run (a.k.a. 1st Manassas)
• a soldier’s life
• the field hospital
• entertainment for enlisted men
• the war in the West
• the war in the East
consider:
How could the Union use slaves to
strengthen their war effort?
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 4: TURNING POINTS, 1862-63
TURNING POINTS 1862-1863
What a long war means for the South:
• helped because victory more likely if war was
longer
• hurt because
supplies running
low; link to Europe
all but gone when
the South needed
trade and
recognition
TURNING POINTS 1862-1863
new bold strategies for both sides:
• South—thrust into Northern territory to limit
support for war North: free the slaves after a
victory
• North—emancipation after any improvement
on the battlefield
Emancipation Proclamation
Battle of
Gettysburg
July 1–3, 1863
the Gettysburg Address
November 19, 1863
Vicksburg
May 18 –
July 4, 1863
Who benefited the most from the changes
to the strategies of each side in the
second year of the war (1862-1863), the
Union or the Confederacy? Explain.
consider:
What defines
modern warfare
(military-style
fighting today)?
essential question:
What defined
the Civil War?
How did the Civil
War redefine
America? PART 5:
MODERN WAR
some things that define modern warfare:
1. It is impersonal (you do not see who you are killing).
2. There is mass killing (many people killed at once).
a Predator UAV carrying a Hellfire-C laserguided missile
screen shot from Call of Duty 4: Modern
Warfare
Fire Controlman on the USS Lake Erie, whose missiles
are satellite-guided
some things that define modern warfare:
1. It is impersonal (you do not see who you are killing).
2. There is mass killing (many people killed at once).
On your list of Civil War firsts, circle anything that
meets the qualifications for modern warfare.
Also, underline anything that seems like an important
development in how war is fought, but does not define
modern warfare.
a Predator UAV carrying a
Hellfire-C laser-guided
missile
screen shot from Call of Duty 4: Modern
Warfare
Fire Controlman on
the USS Lake Erie,
whose missiles are
satellite-guided
consider:
Based on the cartoon, who might the Copperhead Party be?
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 7: NORTHERN WARTIME POLITICS
Wartime Politics in the North
Overall, Republicans pass legislation easily, such as
the Homestead Act.
Pretend that you are a Union or Confederate
soldier. What are some things that you might
say in a letter about the first year of the war
and how it has affected you? Try to use
some terms from page 35 and this page. You
may begin by saying how you are doing in
the war and add what you think about some
of the terms or what a soldier might have
heard about some of these terms.
• Emancipation
Proclamation
• Gettysburg
• Gettysburg
Address
• Vicksburg
• Copperheads
• Radical Republicans
• one new
technology of the
Civil War.
wartime photographs
consider:
What will it take for the Confederacy
to give up and rejoin the Union?
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 7: THE WAR ENDS, 1864-65 / RESULTS
END IS NEAR 1864-1865
• Grant takes over Union forces in March
1864, enacting a plan of constant,
coordinated attacks
END IS NEAR 1864-1865
• Lee’s only
hope was to
make battles
so deadly that
Grant would
abandon his
plans
Inflation is just one way that the
Confederacy was struggling by the last
year of the war.
END IS NEAR 1864-1865
• Grant’s plan
did work in the
long run, but
with many
casualties
William Tecumseh Sherman
March to the Sea
Election
of 1864
campaign poster for
McClellan on the left,
Lincoln on the right
13th Amendment
Appamattox Courthouse
assassination of Lincoln
RESULTS OF THE WAR:
• states’ rights
argument
(especially
nullification and
secession)
ended
• 600,000 dead
• $8.1 billion spent
• 13th Amendment
ends slavery
• much of the
South is
destroyed
consider:
If you were an African American in the
United States during the Civil War,
would you join the Union army? Why
or why not?
essential question:
What defined the Civil War? How did
the Civil War redefine America?
PART 8: AFRICAN AMERICAN SOLDIERS
Based on the movie Glory,
document three ways that
you see African American
soldiers face discrimination
and inequality as soldiers
for the Union army. Also,
answer the questions that
follow.
Pretend that you are a Union or Confederate soldier. What
are some things that you might say in a letter about the
first year of the war and how it has affected you? Try to
use some terms from the back of page 36 and this page.
You may begin by saying how you are doing in the war and
add what you think about some of the terms or what a
soldier might have heard about some of these terms.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ulysses S. Grant
election of 1864
Sherman’s March to the Sea
13th Amendment
Appomattox Courthouse
assassination of Lincoln
one of the final results of the war
something about African American
participation in the Civil War
wartime photographs