Transcript Civil War 1861-1865

CIVIL WAR 1861-1865
Important People and Events
Presidents during the Civil War
Abe Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
Generals during Civil War
Ulysses S. Grant
Robert E. Lee
Women in Civil War
Northern
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Clara Barton
“Angel of the
Battlefield”
Started Red Cross in
1873
Southern
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Lucy Davis: sewed new
uniforms
Louisa Minor: helped
at hospitals
Union Generals v. Confederate
Generals
Union
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William T. Sherman
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Philip T. Sheridan
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Adm. D.G. Farragut
Confederate
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Stonewall Jackson
Jeb Stuart
Weapons of the Civil War
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Minie Ball
Gatling Gun
1st submarine to sink its target
Submarines in the Civil War
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Confederates:Davids
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Henley sunk USS Houstanoic in 1864
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Union:Alligator
Ft. Sumter
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April 12-13 1861
Bull Run (1st and 2nd)1861 and 1862
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A.K.A Manassas
McDowell v. Beauregard
Forced Union back to D.C.
“picnic battle”
Shiloh
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Sherman, Grant, Don
Carlos Buell
Sidney Johnston and P.T.
Beauregard
13,000 Union Casualties
10,700 Confederate
Casualties
Antietam
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http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/casualti
es.htm
September 17th 1862
“turning pt. of war”
Bloodiest day of the Civil War
23,000 soldiers killed, wounded or missing in 12
hrs.
Ended the Confederate advance into the North
nd
2
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Bull Run or
nd
2
Manassas
Union flanked by Jackson & Lee
Emancipation Proclamation (January 1,
1863)
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"that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious
states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
Limitations: only if Union won, did not include
Confederate states under Union control
Promises: Liberated could become liberators
200,000 Black soldiers; each advance of federal
troops = more freedom
Vicksburg (May 19 and 22, 1863)
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Grant v. Pemberton
Opened the Mississippi River to Union in 1863
Gettysburg (July 1-3 1863)
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Cemetery Ridge, Little Round Top, Culp’s Hill
“The world will little note nor long remember what
we say here…” (possibly the most famous speech in
history)
George Meade vs. Lee
Pickett’s Charge (Pettigrew-Trimble or Longstreet)
Confederates lost 50%
Between 46,000-51,000 Americans killed
Atlanta (July 22nd 1864)
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McPherson vs. John Bell Hood
General William Hardee tried to flank the Union
Sherman sent in 20 artillery pieces
Union: 3,641
Confederate: 8,500
Political Ramifications” McClellan was running on a
Peace platform but after the capture of Atlanta and
Hood’s burning of many buildings after his retreat—
fired up the Northerners
March to the Sea
(May 1864)
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Total Warfare
Scorched earth
“War is cruel. The crueler it is the sooner it will be over”-William T.
Sherman
Destroyed 450 miles and cost 100 million in damage
Stole slaves and used them for manual labor
Stole pigs. Chickens, and turkeys
Burned acres of farms
“Sherman’s Neckties”: broke apart and twisted railways beyond
repair
John Bell Hood and hood’s Texas Brigade: tried to distract in
TN
Fought with one leg, and one usable arm, tied to his horse
Prison Camps
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Andersonville: 45,000
Union prisoners; 13,000
died
Camp Douglas: 18,000
Confederate prisoners;
6,000 died
Deprived of blankets,
adequate food, surrounded
in filth
Ate dogs, rats
Appomattox (April 9th 1865)
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In accordance with the substance of my letter to you of the 8th inst., I
propose to receive the surrender of the Army of N. Va. on the following
terms, to wit:
Rolls of all the officers and men to be made in duplicate.
The officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms against
the Government of the United States until properly exchanged, and each
company or regimental commander sign a like parole for the men of
their commands.
The arms, artillery and public property to be parked and stacked, and
turned over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not
embrace the side-arms of the officers, nor their private horses or
baggage.
This done, each officer and man will be allowed to return to their
homes, not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they
observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside.
Wilmer McLean
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1st Battle of Bull Run
McLean House
“the war started in my
front yard and ended
in my front parlor”
Appomattox
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http://www.nps.gov/apco/photosmultimedia/p
hotogallery.htm
Town called Appomattox Courthouse
McClean House: Surrender
Appomatox
April 12th
 Stacking of Arms
Ceremony
 4,000-5,000 of
1st Division of
the 5th U.S.
Army Corps
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