Transcript The War & the Aftermath: Effects of Reconstruction

{ Unit 2: Lecture #4
Effects of Reconstruction
1865-1877
Lecture Review Questions
1)
2)
3)
4)
How did the key strengths and
weaknesses of the
North and South
shape the war?
What were the 4 main battles of the Civil
War and why was each important?
What impact did the Emancipation
Proclamation have?
What role did the North play in reuniting
southern whites politically, economically, &
socially?
Lecture Review Questions
5. What effect did Lincoln’s assassination effect
reconstruction plans?
6. What were the key differences between Lincoln
and Johnson’s Reconstruction Plans?
7. List some examples of both positive and
negative results of the war for African Americans.
8. What was the goal of Reconstruction and was it
achieved why or why not?
What happens after the War is over?

General Lee
Surrenders at
Appomattox Court
House April 11th 1865.

Lincoln is assassinated
April 14th 1865

Vice President Andrew Johnson
becomes the 17th President of
the USA
What problems does the South face
after the war is over?
Damaged Infrastructure
 War left farms, factories, roads, & buildings
damaged or destroyed.
 Death
 1/5 southern adult white males
 260,000 soldiers
 Countless civilians (women and children)
 Competition
 Black Southerners-homeless, jobless, hungry
 Plantation Owners-3 billion dollars in slave
labor lost + captured and abandoned property.
 Poor White Southerners-No way to compete
with freedmen, taxes too high.

Did President Lincoln Free the slaves?
He attempted to free slaves during the war,
however the Emancipation Proclamation had no
legal standing in the Confederate States of America.
 E.P. Promises that All slaves in areas of rebellion
against the Govt. would be free.
 DID NOT BRING AN IMMEDIATE END TO
SLAVERY!
th
 Lincoln did institute the 13 Amendment which
outlaws slavery in the USA.

Why Was President Lincoln
Assassinated?
What Happened?
 Shot by John Wilkes
Booth in the Ford
Theater
 The Conspiracy
 was to kill all major
union leaders in the
hopes of reviving
the Confederacy
and restarting the
war
 Lincoln’s death did
not have this effect

Lincoln v. Johnson
Reconstruction
Ten Percent Plan
#1. Offered Pardon to any who would
swear allegiance to the Union and
accept policy on slavery
#2. Denied Pardon to ALL
Confederate Military & Govt.
Officials, & to any who had African
American War Prisoners
#3. After 10% of the voters had sworn
Allegiance to the Union, states
could hold conventions and create
new state constitutions
(Not Required to guarantee black voting rights.)
#4. After #3 states could hold elections
and resume full participation in the
Union
#1. Pardoned All
southerners who swore
Allegiance.
#2. It permitted each state
to hold conventions w/o
10%.
#3. States were required to
VOID secession, abolish
slavery, & repudiate the
Confederate Debt.
#4. States could then hold
elections and rejoin the
Union
What happened to African
Americans after the Civil War?
Radical Republicans Demand reforms
 The Freedmen’s Bureau
 40 Acres and a mule
 14th Amendment & 15th Amendment define
citizenship and who gets the right to vote
 Johnson’s lax reconstruction policy allows
Ex-confederate officials to be elected to
congress, which effect reform plans that
would have helped freed blacks.
 Black Codes-Jim Crow Laws

How did it all end?
Reconstruction’s Goal was to restore the Union between N. &
S. Politically, Economically, & Socially.
 It failed on almost all 3.



Corruption & Poor Government changed little in the south
Southern Economy was slow to recover



After Federal Troops leave the south



Infrastructure had to be rebuild
Land had to be re-claimed and farmed
Violence & intimidation of freed blacks starts as groups like the KKK form.
The Southern Democrats return to power & share cropping and tenant
farming replace slavery in all but name.
Supreme Court Limits the Power of the Amendments 14 & 15 with the
cases like Plessey v. Ferguson

Which finds that segregating the races was legal as long as equal facilities
were provided.