Transcript Civil War - Mrs. Huber`s Social Studies Class

Civil War
Section 1
Vocabulary
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Border States
◦ Definition: slave state that stayed with the
Union
◦ Sentence: Border states felt preserving the
Union was the most important issue.
Vocabulary
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Blockade
◦ Definition: the isolating or closing off of a port
by hostile ships to prevent entrance or exit
◦ The Union blockaded Southern ports.
Notes
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Question #1
◦ What were the strengths and weaknesses of
the North and South?
Notes
Union States
Border States
NY,ME,NH,VT,MA,CT,RI DE,MD,WV,KY,MO
,PA,NJ,OH,IN
IL,MI,WI,MN,IA,CA,OR,
KS
Confederate States
VA,NC,SC,GA,AR,TN,F
L,MS,LA,TX,AL
Notes
Northern Advantages:
 Could Field, Feed, and Equip an Army
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◦ More People
 2/3 of the countries population
◦ Better Transportation
 2x the rail roads
◦ 2X the Farm Fields
◦ More Industry
 110,000 FACTORIES
Notes
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Northern Strategy
◦ Blockade the South
◦ Gain Control of the Mississippi River
◦ Invade Richmond VA
Notes
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Northern Weakness
◦ Weak generals at the beginning of the war
◦ Not many trained Soldiers
◦ Fighting mostly occurred in the South on
unfamiliar terrain
Notes
Southern Advantages
 Military Advantage
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Will to fight
Top Military Generals
Home Turf
Help from locals
Notes
Southern Strategy
 Fight until the North gave up or realized
the South would become its own nation
 Supplied by Britain
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Notes
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Southern Weakness
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Not many factories
Less advanced weaponry
Fewer people to fight
Little transportation
Notes
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Soldiers:
◦ South
 Men ages 18-45
 Mostly poor farmers
◦ North
 ½ Farmers
 ¼ immigrants
Notes
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Conditions:
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Muddy roads and fields
No clean water
Disease: Small Pox, Typhoid Fever
Prisons were over crowded and lacked
resources. Many prisoners were forced to eat
rodents or die
Civil War
Section 2
Vocabulary

Iron Clad
◦ War ships covered with protective iron plates
◦ The ironclads faced each other in only one
battle.
Vocabulary

Casualty
◦ A person killed or injured in battle
◦ The Civil War saw the highest casualty rate
out of any American War
Notes
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Question 2
◦ Why did neither the Union nor the
Confederacy gain a strong advantage during
the early years of the war?
Notes
New technologies used in the Civil
War
 New Rifles were more accurate and
quicker to load
 Ironclads were warships covered with
protective iron plates.
 The Unions’ was named the Monitor and
the Confederacy’s was named Merrimack.
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Notes
Reactions: After each video write a
reaction to it
 Leave 2 lines between each
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Video 1
Video 2
Video 3
Video 4
Video
http://www.history.com/topics/civil-wartechnology/videos#civil-war-biologicalwarfare
 http://www.history.com/topics/civil-wartechnology/videos#trench-warfare
 http://www.history.com/videos/civil-warweapons-whose-were-better#civil-warweapons-whose-were-better
 http://www.history.com/videos/civil-warweapons-whose-were-better#extreme
Notes
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The War in the East
◦ U.S. General, Like General McClellan were
overly cautious
◦ Rarely attacked the southern army
◦ The North lost several of the first major
battle of the Civil War including Bull Run and
Chancellorsville
◦ Lee tried to invade the north twice and failed
Notes
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Antietam Creek
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Location: Sharpsburg MD
Casualties: N:12,400
S: 13,700
Leaders: N: McClellan
S: Lee
Outcome: North Won
Importance:
 Lincoln would write the Emancipation Proclamation
 Bloodiest single day battle in US History
Notes
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The War in the West
◦ Main goal was to conquer the Mississippi
River
◦ Heaviest fighting took place in Tennessee and
Mississippi
◦ South lost New Orleans
◦ Ironclads didn’t work as well as they hoped
Notes
Battle of Shiloh
 Location: Shiloh Tennessee
 Casualties: N:13,000
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S: 13,700
 Leaders: N: Grant
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S: Johnston/ Beauregard
 Outcome: North Won
 Importance: Shown Grant would fight at
any cost
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Notes
Battle of Shiloh
 http://www.history.com/topics/americancivil-war/videos#the-battle-of-shiloh
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Civil War
Section 3
Vocabulary

Emancipate
◦ To free from restraint, control, or from the
power of another
◦ Abraham Lincoln emancipated the slaves in
the southern states.
Vocabulary
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Habeas Corpus
◦ The right of a citizen to obtain protection
against illegal imprisonment
◦ Your right to habeas corpus prevents you
from being arrested without a warrant.
Vocabulary
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Draft
◦ To select for required military service.
◦ During the Civil War both sides drafted men
to fight.
Vocabulary
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Greenbacks
◦ A legal tender note issued by the US
Government to be used as currency.
◦ Greenbacks were easy to counterfeit during
the Civil War.
Vocabulary
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Inflation
◦ The general rise in prices
◦ During the Civil War inflation rose
dramatically in the United States.
Notes
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Question #3
◦ What social, political, and economic changes
resulted from the War?
Notes
Emancipating the Slaves
 After the Battle of Antietam, Lincoln
released the Emancipation Proclamation
 It freed slaves only in areas fighting the
union. (Not in Border States)
 Many freed slaves began to join the Union
Army
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Notes
Social Changes
Pg 525-527
Pg 531-532
Economic Changes
Pg 531
Political Changes
Pg 528-529
Pg 530
Civil War
Section 4
Vocabulary
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Siege
◦ the act or process of surrounding and
attacking a fortified place in such a way as to
isolate it from help and supplies.
◦ Sherman took siege of Atlanta Georgia.
Notes
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Question #4
◦ How did the events at Gettysburg and
Vicksburg change the course of the war?
Notes
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Vicksburg
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Location: Vicksburg, Mississippi
Casualty: N 10,000
S 9,000
Leaders: N Grant
S Johnston
Outcome: North Won
Importance: Union gained control of the
Mississippi
◦ Turning point in the west
Agenda
Notes (1 slide)
 Videos (3)
 Worksheet: Gettysburg Address
 Quiz Friday: Importance of Gettysburg
and Vicksburg, Social, Political, and
Economic Changes
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Homework: Packet due Tuesday
Notes
Gettysburg
 Location: Gettysburg, PA
 Casualty: N 23,050
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S 28,000
 Leaders: N Meade
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S Lee
 Outcome: North Won
 Importance: Turning point in the East
 Lee would never go farther North
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Videos
http://www.history.com/topics/battle-ofgettysburg/videos#gettysburg-battlestrategy
 http://www.history.com/topics/battle-ofgettysburg/videos#chamberlain-defendslittle-round-top
 http://www.history.com/topics/battle-ofgettysburg/videos#last-charge-atgettysburg
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Civil War
Section 5
Vocabulary
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Total War
◦ The organized destruction of an entire landnot just its army
◦ Sherman used total war to force the South to
surrender.
Notes
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Question #5
◦ What events led to the end of the war?
Notes
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Sherman’s March to the Sea
◦ Started in Georgia then went to the coast and
north through the Carolinas ending in
Richmond,VA
◦ Burned down cities, towns, and farms
including Atlanta, GA. Stole food and supplies,
Killed lives stock, tore up rail roads.
◦ Forced Southern soldiers to return home to
help their families with the devastation
Notes
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Fall of Richmond
◦ April 2, 1865 Conf lines broke and Lee with
drew from Petersburg
◦ When word of Lee’s retreat reached
Richmond, Davis and his cabinet gathered
documents and gave orders to burn bridges
and weapons that would be useful to the
Union
◦ Confederates set fire to the city and left
Notes
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Appomattox Court House
◦ Formal end of the war came on April 9,1865
◦ Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court
House,VA
◦ Terms of Surrender:
 Lee’ s soldiers could keep small fire arms
 Officers could keep their horses
 No one would disrupt troops on their way home