Transcript The Thinkers behind the movement

IN YOUR OWN WORDS, EXPLAIN
WHAT IMMANUEL KANT MEANT
WHEN HE WROTE –
"DARE TO KNOW! HAVE COURAGE
TO USE YOUR OWN REASON!“
USE 3-5 SENTENCES AND EXPLAIN
YOUR ANSWER
BELL WORK
The Thinkers behind the movement
In his work The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu
created the concept of separation of powers.
He looked to improve society and human life
through studying these laws scientifically
According to Montesquieu, there were three
types of government: a monarchy, a republic,
and a despotism.
Montesquieu believed that a government that
was elected by the people was the best form of
government. He believed that the success of a
democracy depended upon maintaining the
right balance of power and a system of checks
and balances.
Montesquieu
The Thinkers behind the movement
Other famous Philosophes
Philosophe is the French word for
"philosopher," and was a word that the
French Enlightenment thinkers usually
applied to themselves
Philosophes were public intellectuals
dedicated to solving the real problems
of the world.
•Voltaire
•Diderot
•Rousseau
The Thinkers behind the movement
Voltaire
French Enlightenment writer, historian
and philosopher. Famous for being witty
Attacked the Catholic Church, and advocated
freedom of religion, freedom of expression,
and separation of church and state.
“My trade is to say what I think”
Voltaire wrote plays, poems, novels, essays, and
historical and scientific works. He wrote more
than 20,000 letters and more than 2,000 books
and pamphlets
Diderot is most recognized as the force behind
the Encyclopédie, the foremost encyclopedia to be
published in France at the eve of the French
Revolution
What Diderot accomplished was to create one of the
most important books of the Eighteenth Century. For
Diderot along with his contributors, the common
purpose of which was "to further knowledge and, by
so doing, strike a resounding blow against reactionary
forces in church and state."
THE THINKERS BEHIND THE
MOVEMENT
DIDEROT
The Thinkers behind the movement
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, known as one of the
most influential thinkers during the 18th-century
European Enlightenment period.
He was born on June 28, 1712, in Geneva,
Switzerland.
His first philosophical work, A Discourse on the
Arts and Sciences, discussed how science and
arts had caused the corruption of virtue and
morality.
Rousseau was also a composer and music
theorist.
JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU