Transcript History of England in Music

By: Kellen Conner, Marcos Pitter,
Sophia Carrico , and Juan Leyva.
England
 Motto: “God and my right”
 Anthem: “God save the Queen”
 Capital: London
 Language: English
 Government: Constitutional Monarchy
 Currency: Pound Sterling
The Government in place is Monarchy. The rulers are King
James I and Queen Elizabeth I. Queen Elizabeth was queen
from 1550 to 1603. In terms of religion; the majority of the
people were Christian and followers of the church of England.
The Church considers itself within the tradition of Western
Christianity and dates its formal history from St. Augustine of
Canterbury’s mission to England in 597. Today the Church has
about 944,000 followers.
England in the 1600s: Wars
 The Dutch-Portuguese War- it was an armed conflict involving Dutch
forces in the form of the Dutch East and West India Companies against
the Portuguese Empire. Beginning in 1602, the conflict primarily
involved the Dutch companies invading the Portuguese colonies in the
Americas, India and the Far East. The war can be thought of as an
extension to the Eighty-Years War and the Thirty-Years War being
fought in Europe at the time between Spain and the Netherlands, as
Portugal was in a dynastic union with the Spanish Crown, after the 1580
Portuguese succession crisis for most of the conflict. However the
conflict had little to do with the war in Europe and served mainly as a
way for the Dutch to gain an overseas empire and control trade at the
cost of the Portuguese. English forces also assisted the Dutch at certain
points in the war.
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The English Civil War (1642-1651)- it was a series of armed conflicts
and political machinations between Parliamentarians (Roundheads)
and the Royalists (Cavaliers). The first (1642-46) and the second (164649) civil wars pitted the support of King Charles I against the
supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third war (1649-51) saw
fighting between the supporters of King Charles II and supporters of
the Rump Parliament. The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary
victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651.
The Civil War led to the trial and execution of Charles I, the exile of his
son Charles II, and replacement of English Monarchy with first, the
Common wealth of England (1643-53), and then with a Protectorate
(1653-59) under Oliver Cornwell’s personal rule. The monopoly of The
Church of England ended with the victors consolidating the
established Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. Constitutionally the
wars established the precedent that an English monarch cannot rule
without parliament’s consent, although this concept was legally
established only with the Glorious Revolution later in the century.
England in the 1600s: Art
The artists of the Tudor court in the Renaissance and their successors until the early
18th century were mostly imported talents, often from Flanders. These included Hans
Holbein the Younger, Van Dyck, Rubens, Orazio Gentileschi and his daughter
Artemesia, Sir Peter Lely and Sir Godfrey Kneller. An exception must be made for the
portrait miniature, where a strong English tradition began with the Elizabethan
Nicholas Hilliard, who had learnt from Continental artists, and continued with Isaac
Oliver and many other artists. By the following century a number of significant English
painters of full-size portraits began to emerge, and towards the end of the century the
other great English specialism, of landscape painting, also began to be practiced by
natives. Both were heavily influenced by Anthony Van Dyck in particular, although he
does not seem to have trained any English painters himself, he was a powerful
influence in promoting the baroque style. One of the most important native painters
of this period was William Dobson. During the 17th century the English nobility also
became important collectors of European art, led by King Charles I and Thomas
Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel in the first half of the century. By the end of the century
the Grand Tour had become established for wealthy young Englishmen.
• William Shakespeare writes Hamlet, Othello, and Macbeth
some of just the many plays he wrote during 1600-1610.
• Remember the 5th of November 1605 the gun powder plot
Guy Fawkes tries to blow up the parliament building but fails.
Fawkes and his accomplices are executed the following year.
England in the 1600s: Music
Baroque music describes a style of Western Classical
music approximately extending from 1600 to 1750.[1]
This era follows the Renaissance and was followed in
turn by the Classical era. The word "baroque" came from
the Portuguese word barroco, meaning "misshapen
pearl”. Henry Purcell was an English organist and
Baroque composer. He composed Anthems, Odes,
Hymns, Songs and theatre music.
1800s: Some History of England
 King George the III ruled England from 1760 to 1820.
His successor King George the IV who ruled from 1820 to
1830 who was succeeded by his brother King William the
IV whose short reign lasted from 1830 to 1834, only to be
succeeded by his niece, Queen Victoria, whose reign
lasted from 1834 to 1901.
 Queen Victoria reigned for most of the 19th century so
this period is commonly referred to as the Victorian
Age.
 During this time scientific and industrial inventions
thrived.
• Queen Victoria began her reign at age 18.
• Notable development in racial and gender
equality plus humanitarian and religious
organizations, which reflected many Victorians’
concerns for the poor.
1800s English Art Culture
 Art movements in Victorian era: Classicism and
Neoclassicism based on Greek and Roman antiquity
(meaning the ancient qualities of it), Romanticism,
Impressionism and Post Impressionism.
1. Classicism- the principles or styles characteristic of
the literature and art of ancient Greek and Rome.
2. Neoclassicism- a late 18th and early 19th century style
in architecture, decorative art, and fine art based on
the surviving classical models and types.
3. Romanticism- a movement in literature and the fine arts
beginning in the early 19th century that stressed personal
emotion, free play of the imagination and freedom from the
rules of form.
4. Impressionism- emphasizes immediate approach of objects
or actions without attention to details.
5. Post-Impressionism- varied development of impressionism
by a group of painters stressing formal structure or expressive
possibilities of form and color.
Classicism=opposite of Romanticism. Romanticism paintings
often showed impressive events in vivid colors.
1800s English Art Culture
 Literature and poetry. The Victorian Era introduced great
literary and poetic works from writers like George Elist,
Joseph Conrad, William Butler Yeats, Emily and Charlote
Bronte, Elizabeth Barret and Charles Dickens.
Aestheticism gained popularity and became a notable face
in literature.
 Aestheticism- an exaggerated devotion to art, music, or
poetry with indifference to practical matters.
 Note: There was much poverty during this era. Too much
people with out enough living areas. Women
overpopulated more. Increase in prostitution. Child labor
popular (later prohibited by laws).
Music was favored for indoor recreation. Young women who knew
how to play were expected to perform at parties and get-togethers.
Piano was the symbol of social status and it was an instrument females
could express and separate from the rest. Pianos became more
affordable for the middle class. This had an effect on the amount of
amateur songs being composed with wider variety among them. To be
a musician during this time paid very well. During the beginning of
the Victorian era music was held in public places like saloons. This
made the older music halls dwindle in numbers with the help of
urbanization. In the middle of the 19th century everything switched,
and the music halls became more popular, featuring the newest
music. Along with the change of location, the music types changed as
well from traditional folk to contemporary with funny lyrics. Music
hall orchestra becomes more complex with the addition of the piano.
Any song played in the music halls required the ability to keep
peoples’ attention. Popular musician and composer Stephen Foster
played his songs in music halls. “The old Folks Home” and “Golden
Slippers” were crowd favorites.
THE
END
Next is the 1900s