Transcript Uniform titles for music - California Library Association

UNIFORM TITLES FOR MUSIC
CLA TECHNICAL SERVICES INTEREST
GROUP & THE MUSIC LIBRARY
ASSOCIATION, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
CHAPTER, APRIL 13, 2012
John Redford, Biola University
Why have Uniform Titles for music?









Consider the publishing history of Beethoven’s 5th
Symphony:
Symphony no. 5
Symphony in C minor
Funfte Symphonie
5e Symphonie
5th Symphony, op. 67
Symphonie en ut mineur
Symphonie nr. 5, C moll, op. 67
Beethoven’s celebrated symphony no. 5
Uniform titles…




Collocate records for a work appearing under
various titles (e.g. Beethoven’s 5th)
Collocate different manifestations of a work, e.g.
scores (full score, study score etc.); sound recordings;
video recordings
Distinguish different works with similar or the same
title
Gather together items that contain similar types of
works under a collective uniform title
And the U.T. is

Symphonies, ǂn no. 5, op. 67, ǂr C minor
Sample catalog record
See…

Weitz, Uniform Title Headings
OCLC BFAS: 240 Uniform Title
for definitions, MARC coding and examples

AACR2 Ch. 25 (25.25 for music)


The good news!




Unlikely that you’ll have to formulate them
Even for original cataloging there’s a very good
chance that the U.T. has already been created for
another manifestation of the work
Let’s look in the Authority File…
However…
You should be able to



Recognize U.T.s
Understand U.T.s
Search authority file
Consider the music reference role




Stanford has over 6000 entries for Mozart
How to find Mozart’s Symphony no. 40 in G minor,
K. 550
Uniform title: Symphonies, ǂn K. 550, ǂr G minor
Search for Mozart and K. 550 to retrieve all
manifestations (well maybe not all; we’ll get to
collective titles shortly)
Principles of Uniform Titles



A Brief Introduction by Matthew Wise
http://library.music.indiana.edu/tech_s/mla/ut.gui
Or Google: music uniform titles
Three types



Generic e.g. concerto, sonata, intermezzo, string
quartet
Distinctive e.g. Phantom of the opera, Stardust
Collective e.g. Piano music. Selections, Chamber
music, Orchestral music
Generic

Uniform titles are usually required for all
musical forms (concerto, symphony, trio
sonatas, etc.), genres (capriccio, nocturne,
intermezzo, etc.), and chamber music
combinations (trio, quartet, quintet, etc.).
Examples






Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 1873-1943.
Concertos, ǂm piano, orchestra, ǂn no. 2, op. 18, ǂr
C minor
Piano concerto no. 2 in C minor, op. 18
Chopin, Frederic, 1810-1849.
Waltzes, ǂm piano, ǂn op. 69. ǂn No. 2
Valse in B minor, op. 69, no. 2
Examples







Bartok Bela, 1881-1945.
Quartets, ǂm strings, ǂn no. 4
Streichquartett IV
(Initial title element isolated: see AACR2 25.28)
Respighi, Ottorino, 1879-1936.
Quintets, ǂm piano, strings, ǂr F minor
Quintetto in fa minore per pianoforte e archi
Uniform titles…




may reflect single works or collections of
consecutively numbered similar works. The titles are
always given in the plural, unless the composer has
written only one work of that type.
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix, 1809-1847.
Sonatas, ǂm clarinet, piano, ǂr E♭ major
Sonate Es-dur fur Klarinette und Klavier
Examples






Reger, Max, 1873-1916.
Sonatas, ǂm clarinet, piano, ǂn no. 1-3
Drei Sonaten fur Klarinette und Klavier
Bernstein, Leonard, 1918Sonata, ǂm clarinet, piano
Sonata for clarinet and piano
Instrumentation, serial numbers,…




opus numbers, thematic index numbers, quantitative
numbers, keys, and composition dates are moved to
subordinate positions in the uniform title, or are
omitted. However, integral adjectives which were part
of the composer's original title are retained at the
beginning.
Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951.
Stücke, ǂm orchestra, ǂn op. 16
Funf Orchesterstucke, Opus 16
Example



Kabalevsky, Dmitry Borisovich, 1904Lëgkie pʹesy, ǂn op. 39
24 little pieces, op. 39, for the piano
Thematic indexes



Also called Thematic Catalogs
An index of a composer’s works usually in either
chronological or genre order with musical incipits
Opus numbers may be used e.g. Beethoven, or a
system devised by the indexer e.g. Kochel/Mozart;
Hoboken/Haydn; Deutsch/Schubert, or another
numbering system e.g. BWV/Bach (Bach Werk
Verzeichnis = catalog of Bach’s works)
Thematic indexes


Music catalogers authorized to create name
headings and uniform titles need thematic catalogs
and other reference tools such as New Grove to
ascertain works and formulate unique uniform titles.
E.g. a publication merely stating Violin Concerto in
G by Vivaldi does not state which of the 14 he
wrote in that key!
Distinctive titles




For non-generic or "distinctive" titles, the title in the
original language is preferred. These may be found
in the composer's worklist in the New Grove
Dictionary, the composer's thematic catalog, or other
authoritative sources.
Berlioz, Hector, 1803-1869.
Symphonie fantastique
Fantastic symphony
Examples






Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolay, 1844-1908.
Zolotoĭ petushok
The golden cockerel
Puccini, Giacomo, 1858-1924.
Fanciulla del West
The girl of the golden West
For classical works with “popular” titles,







…the generic uniform title is preferred.
Schubert, Franz, 1797-1828.
Quintets, ǂm piano, violin, viola, violoncello, double
bass, ǂn D. 667, ǂr A major
Trout quintet for piano and strings, op. 114
Beethoven, Ludwig van, 1770-1827.
Sonatas, ǂm piano, ǂn no. 14, op. 27, no. 2, ǂr C♯
minor
Moonlight sonata
Separate parts of larger works…




are hierarchically identified through uniform titles.
Handel, George Frideric, 1685-1759.
Messiah. ǂp Hallelujah
Hallelujah chorus, from The Messiah
examples






Wagner, Richard, 1813-1883.
Meistersinger von Nürnberg. ǂp Vorspiel
Prelude to the Mastersingers of Nuremburg
Barber, Samuel, 1910-1981.
Quartets, ǂm strings, ǂn no. 1, op. 11, ǂr B minor.
ǂp Adagio; ǂo arr.
Adagio for strings
Arrangements for different
instrumentations…




are related to their original formats through uniform
titles.
Rossini, Gioacchino, 1792-1868.
Guillaume Tell. ǂp Ouverture; ǂo arr.
William Tell overture : transcribed for military band
Example



Copland, Aaron, 1900Sonatas, ǂm violin, piano; ǂo arr.
Sonata for clarinet and piano
Full scores, vocal scores,…



librettos, and translations are hierarchically
identified through uniform titles.
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 1756-1791.
Zauberflöte. ǂs Vocal score. ǂl Italian & German
Die Zauberflote...mit Ubersetzung ins Italienische
Collective titles




Complete works, miscellaneous collections, complete
collections of a specific type, and selective
collections of a specific type are uniquely identified
through uniform titles.
Brahms, Johannes, 1833-1897.
Works
Samtliche Werke
Examples






Brahms, Johannes, 1833-1897.
Selections
Opus 23, opus 24, opus 18, opus 90
Brahms, Johannes, 1833-1897.
Piano music. ǂk Selections
Complete sonatas and variations for solo piano
Music catalogers go beyond the call of
duty…
Searching the authority file




Find the correct uniform title for:
Adagio from "Moonlight sonata" for violin & piano
/ Beethoven
Rite of spring / Stravinsky
Selections from Songs without words / Mendelssohn
And a bit of fun…





Find the uniform title for John Redford’s (d. 1547) contribution
to the Mulliner book
What are the correct uniform titles for these arrangements
(unpublished) by John Redford (fl. 2012):
Memory from Cats arranged for piano / Andrew Lloyd
Webber
18th variation from Rhapsody on a theme of Paganini
arranged for solo piano / Sergei Rachmaninoff
Prelude from Ben-Hur arranged for brass quintet and organ /
Miklos Rozsa