Transcript classical forms - midworld productions

• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Old forms and new forms will be
discussed in detail later
• Usually though instrumentals will have
four movements
• (1. FAST 2. Slow 3. Dance-related 4. FAST)
• Classical movements will contrast more
vividly than Baroque
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CLASSICAL FORMS
Sonata Form
Form of a single movement in larger work
Not the type of piece
3 main sections plus a CODA
• EXPOSTION
• DEVELOPMENT
• RECAPITULATION
• CODA
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Sonata Form
• EXPOSTION
• 1st theme
• bridge or transition
• 2nd theme in new key
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Sonata Form
• DEVELOPMENT
• new treatments of themes
• modulates to many keys
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Sonata Form
• RECAPITULATION
• 1st theme in tonic key
• bridge or transition
• 2nd theme in tonic key
• CODA
• strong ending of the piece
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Sonata Form
• 3 main sections plus a CODA
• EXPOSTION
• DEVELOPMENT
• RECAPITULATION
• CODA
• LISTENING JOURNAL
• MOZART Symphony No. 40
• 1st Movement in Sonata Form
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Theme & Variations
• Can be independent piece
• Can be 1 movement of larger piece
• 1 theme repeated over & over
• Varied every time
• ( A, A’, A’’, A’’’, ect…)
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Theme & Variations
• Can be original theme or borrowed
• Each section will have melodic theme
variation
• Can also vary in mood , color, rhythm, ect…
• LISTENING JOURNAL
• Haydn Symphony No. 94
• SURPRISE SYMPHONY
• 2nd movement
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Minuet and Trio
• Often used as a 3rd movement in symphony or
larger piece
• Originated as a dance piece (minuet)
• Dignified & Stately
• In Classical, not for dancing but listening
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Minuet and Trio (form)
• MINUET
• a (repeated) ba’ (repeated)
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• TRIO (quieter played originally as three instruments only)
• c(repeated) dc’(repeated)
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• MINUET
• aba’ (no repeat)
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Minuet and Trio
• LISTENING JOURNAL
• MOZART
• Serenade
• Elne Klieine Nachtmusik
• Translation=night music
• (3rd movement)
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Chamber Music
• Designed for intimate setting in a room of
home or palace not for a public concert hall
• Performed by 2 to 9 musicians
• Lighter in sound meant for playing with
friends of after dinner social music
• No conductor needed meant to be fun for
the performer and the listener
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CLASSICAL FORMS
Classical Chamber Music
String Quartet most important
(2 violins, viola, Cello)
Three master all wrote many of these
Usually consists of four movements
( 1 fast 2 slow 3 minuet or scherzo 4 fast )
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Chamber Music
• LISTENING JOURNAL
• BEETHOVEN
• STRING QUARTET in C Minor
• Op. 18 No. 4
• 4th movement, Allegro
• Rondo form
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Symphony
• Greatest contribution to orchestral music of
classical period
• Haydn 104 / Mozart over 40 / Beethoven 9
• Numbers change as to the evolution of the
composer to freelance writing from court order
pieces
• Haydn composed for employers were Beethoven
composed only when inspiration struck
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CLASSICAL FORMS
Classical Symphony
Symphony is extended ambitious piece
Can 20 to 45 minutes long
Typically contains Four movements
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Symphony
• typical flow
• 1. Dramatic fast movement
• (Sonata form)
• 2. Lyrical slow movement
• (Sonata form or Theme & Variations)
• 3. Dance movement
• (Minuet and Trio or Scherzos)
• 4. Heroic fast movement
• (Sonata or Sonata Rondo)
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CLASSICAL FORMS
Classical Symphony
Each Movement is self contained piece of music
But relates to the others in some way
The Symphony’s influence still rules today
Such as…
• symphonic music
• symphony hall
• symphony orchestra
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• LISTENING JOURNAL
• BEETHOVEN 5th Symphony
• (1st movement – Sonata form)
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Concerto
• Three movement work for an instrumental
soloist and orchestra
• Combines soloist virtuosity and orchestra’s
range
• Balance takes rule as soloist and orchestra
are equally important
• Can last 20 to 45 minutes
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Concerto
• Has only three movements
• NO dance like Minuet or Scherzo
• 1st movement (fast)
• Sometimes has a special unaccompanied showy
section for soloist called CADENZA
• At end of cadenza soloist plays long trill followed
by a chord that meshes with the reentrance of
the orchestra
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Concerto
• Cadenza’s were often improvised by
composer
• Who was usually the soloist but ….
• Later they were written out sometimes by
other composers…
• i.e. Beethoven wrote cadenzas for Mozart
concertos
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Concerto
• 1st movement
• (Sonata Form (fast) cadenza before coda)
• 2nd movement
• (slow – can take any form)
• 3rd movement
• (fast is usually rondo or sonta-rondo)
• CLASSICAL FORMS
• Classical Concerto
• LISTENING JOURNAL
• MOZART
• Piano Concerto NO 23
• Movement #1