Transcript Turkish Music

Music of Turkey
Dayana Daneva
Arabesque
Turkish music is popular from ancient
times up to the present. In the past it has
been influenced by Arabian culture and
Islam and the term "Arabesque" - an
instrumental piece with an ornamental
character, is widely used. Today Turkish
music includes elements of broad
spectrum-Central Asian folk music,
Byzantine, Greek, Ottoman, Persian,
Balkan, and modern European and
American pop music.
Classical music
Classical music also contains typical cultural patterns. The
makams (sets of modes and scales) are strongly represented in
the Ottoman palace music and typical instruments are the tanbur
(kind of tamboura), ney, violin and zither.
Well- known advocates of the style
Dede Efendi
Dimitrie Cantemir
Hampartsoum Limondjian
Selim ІІІ
Nowadays, classical music is taught in conservatories and public
associations, the most renowned of which is Üsküdar Musiki Cemiyeti,
and among the most famous Turkish contemporary artists of classical
music rank Bülent Ersoy, Zeki Mürren and Zekai Tunja.
Brass section and percussion
instruments in Turkish classical
music impressed across Europe
over the centuries. Gradually the
use of cymbals, borrowed from
the East, is brought into
symphony orchestras.
“Abduction from the Seraglio”
With this fact can be explained the
presence of Turkish motives in the works of
Mozart- the opera "Abduction from the
Seraglio" Sonata № 11 in A major (where
the third movement is the famous Turkish
March-Rondo alla Turca) and Concerto for
violin № 5. Haydn wrote Symphony №100
"Military" to include Turkish instruments
and the influence over Beethoven’s works
occurs in "Symphony № 9".
While Western Europe borrows
eastern motives, the Ottoman
Empire and later Turkey also
has a similar development. An
example is the renaming of
"Istanbul Oriental Music School"
to "Istanbul Conservatory" in
1926. It sends talented young
musicians abroad for further
music education and many of
them gain in popularity (eg
Turkish Five). The founding of
the Ankara State Conservatory
is also supported by the German
composer Paul Hindemith.
Today, advocates of European
influence are Fazıl Say and
Suna Kan.
Fazıl Say
Suna Kan
Folk music
Saz
Kemence
Turkish folk music is of life. Also like the Bulgarian, it can be
seen according to the regions of the country. In recent years,
owing to orchestras, which include saz and other traditional
instruments, folk music is still listened to and is not pushed in
the background by the modern.
Troubadours
Many of the folk songs come
from the troubadours- their
influence over Turkish folk
literature began in XІ
century. But perhaps the
biggest influence over music
comes from the religion.
Typical examples are the
ilahs- doxologies, which are
sung mostly in front of
mosques. Elements of the
Koran and other writings are
most often involved in these
songs. A performer of
religious music is Kani
Karaca.
Modern music
Modern music is quite different from traditional styles, but retains some
characteristic elements and is probably the most played style. Proof of
this is the win of Turkey at Eurovision Contest 2003 (Sertab Erener).
Some of the biggest names of the Turkish pop scene
Hadise
Tarkan
Kenan Doğulu
In the 60s in America and Britain are formed
rock bands, which weigh with music of Turkey.
Soon, a distinctively Turkish fusion of rock and
folk emerge and the product is Anatolian rock.
Such performers are Cem Karaca and Barış
Manço.
Cem Karaca
Modern rock bands, acquired fame and outside the country
MaNga
Almora
Gökçe Dinçer
Şebnem Ferah
Haydut
History and lifestyle of Turkey
influence music. It is very
colourful and beautiful and keeps
inspiring the West. The rich
ornamentation and typical modes
are preserved to this day, making
contact with Turkish music so
interesting and attractive,
carrying the listener in the East.