Transcript E英语教程第2册Unit 6

Content
Listening and speaking
Reading
Grammar
Writing
Culture express
Listening and speaking
 Pronunciation and listening skills
 Conversations
 Passage
Distinguishing between facts and opinions
Listen to the following sentences and decide whether they
are facts (F) or opinions (O).
Tips
事实是指已经发生或存在的一种
客观状况，通常包括姓名、地点、
日期、数据、事件、规律等。 观
点则通常包括个人的看法、信念、
情感、态度等。一般情况下，in
my opinion，in my mind，I am
sure，I believe 这样的表达后面跟
随的是观点。
F
1
O 2
O 3
F
4
O 5
F 6
Distinguishing between facts and opinions
Tips
事实可以通过观察、实验、研究等手段来验证它的正确
性，或者说， 一个事实就是一个可以被证明或对或错的对
象，如姓名、地点、日期、数据、事件和规律等。
观点表达个人的看法、判断、信念、情感、态度、价值
观等，并且常常表现为推论、预感、猜测、结论等各种主观
表达形式。 如： Christian Dior was the most outstanding
dress designer of the last century 这句话里的 the most
outstanding 是一种主观判断。一般情况下，I believe, it
seems that, in my opinion, in my mind 等表达后面跟随的是观
点。
Distinguishing between facts and opinions
Scripts
1. The house was painted on November 18, 2009.
2. In my opinion, Christian Dior was the most
outstanding dress designer of the last century.
3. I’m sure you will lose in the match.
4. Mao Zedong was born in Hunan.
5. In my mind, he is a creative artist.
6. There are six sentences in this activity.
Conversations
 Conversation 1
Exercises
Functional language
 Conversation 2
Exercises
Functional language
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
1. Listen to a conversation and check (✔) what happened
to John.
Word tips
fall over
(被）绊倒
scratch
n. 划痕；划伤
✔
✘
✔
✘
✘
✔
1 He fell over a big stone.
2 He fell into a hole.
3 He broke his phone.
4 He broke his glasses.
5 His pants were torn.
6 His shirt was torn.
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements
are true (T) or false (F).
F 1. Ann didn’t go to school yesterday.
T 2. John was not seriously hurt.
F 3. Ann thought badly of John at the end of the
conversation.
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
Scripts
John, you didn’t come to class yesterday. What
happened?
Oh, I fell over a big stone on my way to school.
John:
That’s too bad. How did that happen?
Ann:
I was talking on the phone while walking, and didn’t
John:
notice the stone on the road.
Poor you! Were you hurt?
Ann:
Not serious, just a little scratch. But my favorite shirt
John:
was torn.
Oh dear, that sounds terrible.
Ann:
John： It was! But the worst thing was that I broke my phone.
Ann： I feel bad for you.
John： Thanks for sharing my feelings, Ann.
Ann:
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of
the following situations. You may refer to the Functional
Language.
(Sample)
Situation 1
B failed in the final exam.
A shows sympathy to him
/ her.
GUIDED
CONVERSATION
(Sample)
Situation 2
B got hurt in a bastketball
match. A shows sympathy
to him / her.
A: Ask why B looks sad.
B: Tell A the reason.
A: Show sympathy to B and ask about
the reason.
B: Tell A the reason.
A: Make a response and express
sympathy to B again.
B: Express thanks.
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
Functional Language
EXPRESSING SYMPATHY
That’s too bad / terrible / awful.
That sounds bad / terrible / awful.
I feel bad / sorry for you.
Bad luck!
Poor you!
What a pity!
I’m more than sorry to hear of…
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
Role play - Sample conversation
Situation 1
Mike:
Scott:
Mike:
Scott:
Mike:
Scott:
Mike:
Scott:
Hi, Scott. You look so sad. What’s the matter?
I failed my math exam. It really disappointed me.
Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. Wait! I know you are
always good at math. What happened?
I had a fever that day and couldn’t finish the exam.
What a pity! Have you talked to your math teacher?
Can you have a make-up test?
No, I haven’t. I will go to talk to him and see what I
can do. Otherwise I have to retake this course.
I feel sorry for you.
Thanks for sharing my feelings.
Conversation 1 – Expressing sympathy
Role play - Sample conversation
Situation 2
You look depressed, George. What’s wrong?
Ken:
George: I sprained my ankle in yesterday’s basketball match.
Poor you! How did you hurt yourself?
Ken:
George: I tried to jump up to grab the ball, but I stepped on
one of the players’ foot, then I fell down and
sprained my ankle.
Bad luck! Have you been to the hospital to have a
Ken:
check-up?
George: Yes, I have. The doctor said that it would take a while
to recover.
That sounds terrible! I feel bad for you. Hope you get
Ken:
well soon. If you need any help, please let me know.
George: Thank you, Ken.
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
1. Listen to a conversation and decide whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F).
Word tips
in a mess
处于困境
overcome
v. 克服
financial
adj. 财政的
F 1. Tim’s father is seriously ill.
T 2. Tim’s family is in a mess because
his father’s business has failed.
F 3. Tim needs Mary to help him deal
with financial difficulties.
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
2. Listen again and choose the best answer to each of the
following questions.
1 How is Tim?
A He is tired and sleepy.
B He is upset and worried.
✔
C He is upset and tired.
2 Has Tim’s family experienced such difficulty before?
A Yes, it has. B✔No, it hasn’t. C Not mentioned.
3 Why did Tim find a part-time job?
A To have more experience.
B To help his family go through financial difficulties.
✔
C To help his father in business.
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
Scripts
Mary: What’s the matter, Tim? You look so upset and tired.
Tim: My father’s business has failed, and my family seems to
be in a mess.
Mary: That’s really terrible!
Tim: Yes. Maybe it’s the most difficult time my family has ever
experienced.
Mary: I’m very sad to hear that. But don’t let it get you down.
Things will be better soon.
Tim: I hope so.
Mary: Is there anything I can do for you?
Tim: Thank you, Mary. But I have found a part-time job to
help us overcome our financial difficulties.
Mary: Oh, that’s so great! Still, if you need me, I’ll always be
there.
Tim: That’s very nice of you.
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
3. Role-play a conversation in groups of three according to
one of the following situations. You may refer to the
Functional Language.
(Sample) Situation 2
(Sample)
Situation 1
B looks tired because he B is sad because his newly/ she has to look after his finished painting has been
/ her sick father. A meets torn by a cat accidentally. A
B and asks for the reason meets B and asks for the
and shows sympathy.
reason and shows sympathy.
A: Ask for the reason why B looks so tired
GUIDED
/ sad.
CONVERSATION
B: Give your reason.
A: Show sympathy and ask how it
happened.
B: Give your explanation.
A: Show sympathy and offer help.
B: Express thanks.
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
Functional Language
EXPRESSING SYMPATHY
I’m sad to hear / learn of…
It was a great shock to hear…
I just can’t tell you how sad I am to hear…
I’m sympathetic to your situation.
I sympathize (with you).
You have my deepest sympathy.
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
Role play - Sample conversation
Situation 1
Christine: Hi, Ann. I haven’t seen you recently. Why do you
look so tired?
I haven’t slept well for a week.
Ann:
Christine: Poor you! What happened?
My father was very sick. I had to help my mother
Ann:
to take care of him.
Christine: I’m sorry to hear that. Is your father getting better
now?
Yeah. He is fine now.
Ann:
Christine: If you need any help, please feel free to let me
know.
Sure. Thank you very much!
Ann:
Conversation 2 – Expressing sympathy
Role play - Sample conversation
Situation 2
Lisa:
Andy:
Lisa:
Andy:
Lisa:
Andy:
Why do you look so sad, Andy?
My newly-finished painting has been torn by a cat.
Really? That’s terrible! How did it happen? Where did
the cat come from?
Well, I left my painting on the desk and went out.
When I came back, I found my neighbor’s cat was
sitting on it and had torn it into pieces.
You have my deepest sympathy. I know you have
spent a lot of time on that painting. Please let me
know if there is anything I can help with.
OK. Thank you!
Passage
1. Listen to a passage and check (✔) what we can do to be
happy.
✔ 1 Try to understand that life is not easy.
Word tips
✘ 2 Long for what we don’t have.
pressure n. 压
力
normally adv.
通常；平常
circumstance
n. 情况；
情形
✔ 3 Be satisfied with what we own now.
✔ 4 Realize that we can dicide if we are
happy or not.
✘ 5 Realize that happiness is decided by
fate.
Passage
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements
are true (T) or false (F).
T 1. Whether we are happy or not is mostly decided by
our attitude to life.
F 2. It’s helpful to complain when we come across
difficulties and pressure in life.
T 3. We should value our health and freedom.
Passage
Scripts
Whether a person is happy or not is mostly decided by
his or her attitude to life. But what can we do to be happy?
I think there are three things that might help: Firstly, we
should try to understand that life is not easy. We may meet
with pressure or difficulty of one kind or another, which is
part of life. It doesn’t help to complain about it or become
pessimistic. Secondly, we need to be satisfied with what
we have. This attitude is important for us ever to feel
happy. We should value the things that we normally take
for granted like our health and our freedom. Thirdly, we
must realize happiness is also a choice. In many
circumstances, we can decide for ourselves if we are
happy or not.
Passage
3. Suppose you are a psychological consultant, please
give some suggestions to one of the following students
to cheer him / her up.
• A is upset because he / she
does not feel well.
• B is upset because he / she
failed in the examination.
• C is upset because his / her
wallet was stolen.
Passage
Sample passage
Situation B
I am sorry to hear that you failed the exam and I
understand your feelings. But there is no need to cry over
spilled milk. Cheer up ! You can do the following things:
First, try to analyze the reasons why you failed the exam.
Remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to
discoveries. Second, be brave to accept the reality and
work hard in order to pass the exams in the future. Don’t
think it over again and again. Turn your “worry hours” into
“productive hours.” Third, be confident in yourself. Be sure
that you will succeed in the next exam if you make every
worthwhile effort.
Reading
 Passage A
If I were a boy again
 Passage B
What makes a great musician?
Passage A
If I were a boy again
 Lead-in
 Text study
 Exercises
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
Lead-in
 Video appreciation
 Extended reading
 Pre-reading questions
Passage A
Lead-in
– If I were a boy again
- Video appreciation
17 Again
Passage A
Lead-in
– If I were a boy again
- Extended reading
YOUTH
By: Samuel Ullman
Youth is not a time of life; it is
a state of mind; it is not a matter
of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple
knees; it is a matter of the will, a
quality of the imagination, a vigor
of the emotions; it is the freshness
of the deep springs of life.
Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage
over timidity, of the appetite for
青春
塞缪尔·厄尔曼
青春不是年华，
而是心境；青春不
是桃面、丹唇、柔
膝，而是深沉的意
志，恢宏的想象，
炙热的恋情；青春
是生命的深泉在涌
流。
青春气贯长虹，
勇锐盖过怯弱，进
取压倒苟安。如此
锐气，二十后
Passage A
Lead-in
– If I were a boy again
- Extended reading
adventure over the love of ease.
This often exists in a man of 60
more than a boy of 20. Nobody
grows old merely by a number of
years. We grow old by deserting
our ideals.
Years may wrinkle the skin, but
to give up enthusiasm wrinkles
the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust
bows the heart and turns the
spirit back to dust.
Whether 60 or 16, there is in
every human being’s heart the
而有之，六旬男子
则更多见。年岁有
加，并非垂老，理
想丢弃，方堕暮年。
岁月悠悠，衰
微只及肌肤；热忱
抛却，颓废必致灵
魂。忧烦，惶恐，
丧失自信，定使心
灵扭曲，意气如灰。
无论年届花甲，
拟或二八芳龄，心
中皆有生命之欢乐，
奇迹之诱
Passage A
Lead-in
– If I were a boy again
- Extended reading
lure of wonder, the unfailing
childlike appetite of what’s next
and the joy of the game of living.
In the center of your heart and my
heart there is a wireless station:
so long as it receives messages of
beauty, hope, cheer, courage and
power from men and from the
Infinite, so long are you young.
When the aerials are down,
and your spirit is covered with
snows of cynicism and the ice of
pessimism, then you are grown
惑，孩童般天真久
盛不衰。人人心中
皆有一台天线，只
要你从天上人间接
受美好、希望、欢
乐、勇气和力量的
信号，你就青春永
驻，风华常存。
一旦天线下降，
锐气便被冰雪覆盖，
玩世不恭、自暴自
弃油然而生,即使年
方二十，实
Passage A
Lead-in
– If I were a boy again
- Extended reading
old, even at 20, but as long as
your aerials are up, to catch waves
of optimism, there is hope you
may die young at 80.
已垂垂老矣；然则
只要树起天线，捕
捉乐观信号，你就
有望在八十高龄告
别尘寰时仍觉年轻。
再回到从前(mp3)
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
Pre-reading questions
1. Share your most unforgettable experience in
childhood with your partner.
2. If you were a boy again, what would you do? Why ?
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
Text study
 Text reading
 Language points
Passage A
If I were a boy again
1. If
I were a boy again, I would practice perseverance
_______________________________________________
more
often and never give up a thing easily because it
_________________________________________________
was hard or inconvenient. Perseverance can sometimes
________________________
equal genius in its results. “There
are only two creatures,”
_________________________
__________________________________________________
says a proverb, “who can get to the top of the pyramid:
the eagle and the snail.”
_______________________
2. If I were a boy again, I would develop my concentration. I
would let nothing come between me and the subject in
hand. I would remember that a good skater never tries to
skate in two directions at once. ____________
The habit of
________________________________________________
concentration
can become part of our life, if we begin
early
enough. ___________________________________
I often hear grown-ups say, “I could not
____________
concentrate
on the book although I wanted to.” The
________________________________________
reason is that the habit was not formed when they were
__________________________________________________
young.
______
Passage A
If I were a boy again
3. If I were to live my life over again, I would pay more
attention to the cultivation of memory.__________________
I would strengthen
that ability by every possible means, and on every
_____________________________________________
possible occasion. It takes a little hard work at first to
_________________
remember things exactly, but memory soon helps itself,
and gives very little trouble. It only needs early cultivation
to become a power.
4. If I were a boy again, I would cultivate courage.
“Nothing
is so mild and gentle as courage, nothing so
________________________________________________
cruel
and pitiless as cowardice,” says a wise writer. Life
____________________________
is full of dangers, but courage will often conquer the
worst of them. ___________________________________
Be prepared for any fate, and there is
_________
nothing to_________
be feared.
Passage A
If I were a boy again
5.If I were a boy again, I would try to be more
optimistic. Life is very much like a mirror: If you
smile upon it, it smiles back upon you. But if you
frown on it, you will get the same in return. Inner
sunshine warms not only the heart of the owner,
but all those who come in contact with it.
6.If I were a boy again, I would say “No” more
often. I might write pages on the importance of
learning very early in life to gain that point where
a young boy can firmly refuse to do an unworthy
act because it is unworthy.
Passage A
If I were a boy again
7.If I were a boy again, I would be more courteous
and respectful toward my companions and
friends, and indeed toward strangers as well.
The smallest courtesy along the rough roads of
life is like the little birds that sing to us all winter
long, and makes that season of ice and snow
more endurable.
8.Finally,
instead of trying hard to be happy, as if
__________________________________________________
that were the only purpose of life, I would, if I
__________________________________________________
were a boy again, try still harder to make others
__________________________________________________
happy.
________
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
If I were a boy again, I would practice perseverance more
often and never give up a thing easily because it was hard or
inconvenient.
(Line 1, Para. 1)
假如我再回到童年，我会更加注重培养自己的毅力，
决不因为事情艰难或麻烦而放弃不干。
if I were a boy again
是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的构
成形式为：条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时（be 动
词的过去时用were），主句谓语的形式为would /
could /might / should + 动词原形。
如果我带着钱的话，我会借给你一些的。
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
“There are only two creatures,” says a proverb, “who can
get to the top of the pyramid: the eagle and the snail.”
(Line 4, Para. 1)
一则谚语说道：“能登上金字塔的生物只有两种——
雄鹰与蜗牛。”
关系代词who 引导了定语从句，修饰two creatures。
get to: 到达; 抵达
火车12点到达纽约。
The train gets to New York at 12 o’clock.
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
The habit of concentration can become part of our life, if we
begin early enough.
(Line 4, Para. 2)
如果及早养成专心致志的习惯，它就会成为我们生命
的一部分。
be (a) part of sth.: 是某物的一部分
Falling over is part of learning how to ski.
enough: 在本句中为副词，修饰前面的副词early。
enough 作副词时常用于修饰动词、形容词或
副词，且常置于动词、形容词或副词之后，
意为“相当地；足够地”。
He just hadn’t thought enough about the possible
consequences.
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
I often hear grown-ups say, “I could not concentrate on the
book although I wanted to.”
(Line 6, Para. 2)
我常常听到大人们说：“尽管我希望能集中注意力读
书，但我做不到。”
grown-up 为合成名词，多数合成词以在词尾加-(e)s 的
方式构成复数。
forget-me-nots; fire-engines; theater-goers
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
The reason is that the habit was not formed when they were
young.
(Line 7, Para. 2)
其原因就在于他们年轻时没有养成这种习惯。
that 在本句中引导一个表语从句
事实是她从来没有喜欢过他。
The fact is that she never liked him.
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
I would strengthen that ability by every possible means, and
(Line 2, Para. 3)
on every possible occasion.
我要采取一切可能的办法，在一切可能的时刻来增强
记忆力。
on every possible occasion: 在任何可能的时刻
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
“Nothing is so mild and gentle as courage, nothing so cruel
and pitiless as cowardice,” says a wise writer. (Line 2, Para. 4)
一位有智慧的作家曾说过：“世上没有东西比勇气更
温文尔雅，也没有东西比怯懦更残酷无情。”
as… as…: 与……等同
He is as tall as his father.
not so… as...: 不如；不像
The people here are not so friendly as there.
原文中主语用了表示否定的nothing，因此后面使用了
so… as...。
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
Be prepared for any fate, and there is nothing to be feared.
(Line 5, Para. 4)
对一切福祸作好准备，就没有什么可害怕的了。
to be feared 为不定式的被动形式作后置定语，修饰
nothing。
还有很多事情要做。
There are a lot of things to be done.
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
Finally, instead of trying hard to be happy, as if that were
the only purpose of life, I would, if I were a boy again, try
still harder to make others happy.
(Line 1, Para. 8)
最后，假如我再回到童年，我不会再竭力为自己谋幸
福——似乎那是人生的唯一目标；与之相反，我会更
加努力让他人幸福。
as if that were the only purpose of life 中的that为代词，
指代上文中提到的trying hard to be happy。
if I were a boy again 为虚拟的条件状语从句，在此处
作为插入语放在句中，类似的用法还有：
不管你喜欢与否，这种事情的确会时而不时地发生。
Such things, whether you like it or not, do happen from
time to time.
Passage A
perseverance
– If I were a boy again
(Line 1, Para. 1)
n. Determination to keep trying to achieve sth. in spite of
difficulties 不屈不挠，坚持不懈
他的成功在很大程度上依赖自己的坚持不懈。。
His success depends largely on his perseverance.
派生词：persevere: v. (in sth./doing sth.) 坚持不懈，锲
而不舍
尽管朋友们提出明确的反对，她依然坚持自己的想法。
She persevered in her idea despite obvious objections
raised by her friends.
Passage A
concentrate
– If I were a boy again
(Line 6, Para. 2)
v. ( ~ on sth.) to give all your attention to sth. 专心；专注
请安静—让我专心做我的作业。
Be quiet—let me concentrate on my homework.
派生词：concentration n.专心；专注
Passage A
– If I were a boy again
form the habit of doing sth.
(Line 7, Para. 2)
养成 （做某事的） 习惯
这对老夫妇已经养成了饭后散步的习惯。
The old couple had formed the habit of walking after
dinner.
c.f. get into/in the habit (of doing sth.): 养成(做某事的)
习惯
露西养成了每天读书的习惯。
Lucy got into the habit of reading every day.
Passage A
means
– If I were a boy again
(Line 3, Para. 3)
n. method; a way of doing sth. 手段；方法；工具。means 可构
成以下搭配：by every possible means: 以任何一种可能的方法
我会用任何一种可能的方法实现自己的梦想。
I will realize my dream by every possible means.
短语：by (un)fair means: 通过（不）正当手段
他的财富是用不正当的手段获得的。
He got his wealth by unfair means.
短语：by means of sth.: 借助……；以……方法
我们要骑自行车去那里。
We will go there by means of biking.
Passage A
be prepared for sth.
– If I were a boy again
(Line 5, Para. 4)
为……做好准备
还没有任何消息，我们要做好最坏的准备。
There was no news and we were prepared for the worst.
Passage A
warm
– If I were a boy again
(Line 5, Para. 5)
v. to make or become warm 使暖和; 变得暖和
那部电影温暖了我们的心。
That film warmed our hearts.
她走去柴火堆旁边暖和手。
She went to warm her hands by the log fire.
Passage A
contact
– If I were a boy again
(Line 6, Para. 5)
n. the state or condition of physical touching 接触
孩子需要和关心他们的大人有身体接触。
Children need physical contact with a caring adult.
短语：in contact with sb. / sth.: 接触某人 / 某物
有一瞬间，他的手和我的手碰到了一起。
For a second, his hand was in contact with mine.
Passage A
– Exercises
 Comprehension
 Vocabulary & Structure
 Translation
Passage A
– Comprehension
1. Complete the following summary with the words from
the passage.
If I were a boy again, I would do the following
things: Because it takes 1) ____________
perseverance to succeed, I
would practice it more often and never give up a thing
easily; I would develop the habit of 2) ____________
concentration
and made it part of my life; I would cultivate 3)
memory
__________
and make it a power; I would also pay
courage and get
attention to the cultivation of 4) ________
prepared for the
optimistic ; I would
future; I would be more 5) __________
say 6) _______
moreoften to unworthy acts; I would
“No”
be more courteous to the people around me. More
importantly, I would try my best to be 7) ________
happy and
evenmake others happy.
Passage A
– Comprehension
2. Answer the following questions.
1. Why would the writer pay more attention to the
cultivation of memory if he were a boy again?
Because it takes a little hard work at first to
remember things exactly, but memory soon helps
itself,and gives very little trouble. And it only needs
early cultivation to make memory become a power.
2. Why does the writer compare life to a mirror?
If you smile upon a mirror, it smiles back upon
you. But if you frown on it, you will get the same in
return. This is also true with life. So the writer
compares life to a mirror.
Passage A
– Vocabulary and structure
1. Complete the following sentences with the words given
below. Change the form if necessary.
inconvenient
courtesy
strengthen
equal
cultivate
indeed
contact
optimistic
1 The service will benefit the nation’s young people,
and, ___________
all Americans.
indeed
inconvenient time for me; I’m
2 The meeting is at a(n) ___________
afraid I can’t come.
3 He’s trying to ___________
a positive attitude to life.
cultivate
4 No other automotive engine has been able to
equal
___________
its toughness and economy.
Passage A
– Vocabulary and structure
1. Complete the following sentences with the words given
below. Change the form if necessary.
inconvenient
courtesy
strengthen
equal
cultivate
indeed
contact
optimistic
5 We don’t have much ___________
contact
with each other.
optimistic about our chances of
6 Our teachers are ___________
success.
strengthens all the
7 Cycling is good exercise. It ___________
muscles of the body.
8 He is a gentleman who behaves with the utmost
courtesy
___________
toward ladies.
Passage A
– Vocabulary and structure
2. Complete the following sentences with proper
prepositions or adverbs.
in
1. I will try my best to do the business _________
hand.
2. Stop talking and concentrate _________
your work.
on
3. I’ve seen them playing the piano ________
several
on
occasions.
4. Aim for the best, prepare ___________
the worst.
for
in
5. The school and the parents have been ___________
close contact.
Passage A
– Vocabulary and structure
3. Add the suffix “-en” to the words given below. Then
complete the following sentences with the words thus
formed. Change the form if necessary.
dark
hard
broad
fright
length
lengthen
1. Can you ___________
the skirt for me? It is too short
now.
frightens
2. The thought of war ___________
me.
3. You should ___________
broaden your horizons by traveling
more.
darken our
4. Why does the sun lighten our hair, but ________
skin?
5. Sorrow and trouble either soften the heart or
________
harden it.
Passage A
– Vocabulary and structure
4. Complete the following sentences by translating the
Chinese given inbrackets into English using “instead
of… ”.
Sample: Finally, instead of trying hard to be happy, as if that
were the only purpose of life （不再努力去追求幸
福，好像它是生活的唯一目的一样）, I would, if I
were a boy again, try still harder to make others
happy.
Instead of answering my question
1. _______________________________
（他没有回答我的
问题）, he began to beat about the bush.
2. Can I have chicken _________________(
而不吃牛肉)?
instead of beef
Passage A
– Vocabulary and structure
4. Complete the following sentences by translating the
Chinese given inbrackets into English using “instead
of… ”.
3. In summer I often read in the open air
instead of in the house （而不是在屋子里看书）.
_____________________
4. I think I should go to borrow the book
instead of buying it
____________________
（而不是去买这本书）.
instead of you （而
5. He will go on business to Shanghai ______________
不是你去）.
Passage A
– Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. I would strengthen that ability by every possible means,
and on every possible occasion.
我要采取一切可能的办法，在一切可能的时刻来增强
_______________________________________________
记忆力。
_______________________________________________
2. Nothing is so mild and gentle as courage, nothing so cruel
and pitiless as cowardice.
世上没有东西比勇气更温文尔雅，也没有东西比怯懦
_______________________________________________
更残酷无情。
_______________________________________________
Passage A
– Translation
2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English
with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets.
1. 在跳舞方面，我们谁也比不上她。(equal)
equal her in dancing
None of us can_______________________________.
2. 她说她对公司的未来很乐观。(optimistic)
she was optimistic about the future of the
She said that ____________________________________
company
_______________________________________________.
3. 我送他一份礼物，但我不需要任何回报。(in return)
expected nothing in return
I gave him a gift, but I _________________________.
Passage B
A violinist in the metro
 Lead-in
 Text study
 Exercises
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
Lead-in
 Pre-reading activity
 Video appreciation
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
Pre-reading
Work in groups to answer the following questions.
1. Put the following expressions under the corresponding
picture.
church choir
orchestra
pop singer 2.____________
orchestra
1.____________
pop singer
choral group
church choir 4.______________
choral group
3.____________
Passage B
2.
– What makes a great musician?
In your opinion, what qualities does a
great musician have?
In my opinion, a great musician has the
following qualities: the perseverance to strive
for what he pursues, the courage to discard
traditional stereotypes, the attitude of aiming
for perfection, the enthusiasm for his art, and
the talent for music.
Passage B
Lead-in
– What makes a great musician?
- Video appreciation
Mozart
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
Questions about the video clip
1. What qualities does Mozart have?
2. What distinguishes Mozart from other musicians?
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
Text study
 Text reading
 Writing skill of the text
 Language points
Passage B
What makes a great musician?
1.
I’ve been around musicians for many years. I’ve known
and worked with classical musicians, pop singers, folk
singers, rock bands, jazz players, choral groups, church
choirs and orchestras, stage performers, songwriters,
rappers, you name the genre, I’ve probably worked with
someone in it!
2.
I’ve known some truly great musicians and some who
were getting there. Over the years I’ve developed some
ideas about what makes a great musician. This
is not a
___________
quick
guide to becoming a good musician, just offers a
_________________________________________________
few
observations I’ve made.
_________________________
Passage B
What makes a great musician?
3. A great musician has a passion for music, and
sticks with it. This may seem obvious, but you
have to really love music to stick with it. Many
have started but didn’t continue. A great many
young players have dreamed of a career in music,
but were discouraged by the well-meaning
people who warned them, “You need to get a real
job! You can’t make a living by playing music!”
Those who stuck with it have either discovered
that they could make a living, or that they could
enjoy making music as a rewarding hobby.
Passage B
What makes a great musician?
4. A great musician has the right attitude. I rank
attitude before talent, before technical ability,
before practically everything else. I____________
would rather
work
with a musician with less ability but a great
___________________________________________
attitude
than with a player who overestimates his
__________________________________________
_________________________________________
ability
and takes success for granted. Why? A
person with a great
attitude and less impressive
___________________________________
_______
ability
can always practice and develop awesome
_________________________________________
ability.
However, a great player with a poor
_____________________
attitude? Well, you get the idea.
Passage B
What makes a great musician?
____________
5. A great musician never stops learning. To
be a great
musician is to be in school forever. The
great Beethoven,
________________________________
__________________
near the end of his life, received as a gift, the complete
___________________________________________________
works of Handel, a composer he had long admired. When
_______________________________________________
the whole volumes arrived in December 1826, Beethoven
was lying ill and had not much time to live. He lay in bed
and leaned the books against the wall to read them. As he
read, he occasionally got excited and said, “Handel was
the greatest, most skilled composer who ever lived. I can
still learn from him.” Beethoven, one of the greatest
composers in the world, still wanted to learn. How about
you?
Passage B
What makes a great musician?
6. A great musician never stops growing as a
person. To me, truly great musicians are often
truly great people. They have learned how to
accept helpful criticism and use it to improve and
grow. They are filling their soul with good things
and life experiences so when it comes to writing,
singing, or playing, they have something very
valuable and real to express. They have learned
how to treat others. A great musician is the kind
of person who has a life, stories, and emotion
that seem to just jump out at you when they
perform, and it makes you want to hear more.
Passage B
What makes a great musician?
7. A great musician has talent. OK, I have to include talent
at last. But notice I didn’t say they had to be “the most
talented in the world.” Talent is needed, and not everyone
in the world will be a musician. Along______________
with that talent
must
come the desire to work and improve. And now
___________________________________________
we’re back to “they never stop learning.” Of course,
when
_________
talent
is exercised and developed into great musical skill,
_____________________________________________
the
result is “Wow!” So keep practicing your skill,
______________________________
maintain your good attitude, treat people right, and your
talent will shine.
8. I__________________________________________________
have an endless appreciation for great musicians, and
always
consider it a privilege to work with them. My list of
___________________________________________
what makes a great musician is clearly not complete. If
you think of anything to add, let me know!
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
This is not a quick guide to becoming a good musician, just
offers a few observations I’ve made.
(Line 4, Para. 2)
本文并不是伟大音乐家的速成指南，而只是提供一些
我的观察。
guide: n. (~ to) sth. to provide information on a subject
or to explain how to do sth. 指南；指导手册
a guide to Italy; a guide to installing an air-conditioner
offers 和前面的系动词is 构成并列谓语，主语都是this.
I’ve made 是省略了that 的定语从句，修饰先行词
observations。
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
I would rather work with a musician with less ability but a
great attitude than with a player who overestimates his
ability and takes success for granted.
(Line 3, Para. 4)
我宁愿和能力稍差但态度极好的音乐人合作，也不愿
意和那些高估自己能力，把成功视为理所当然的音乐
人合作。
would rather... than...:
宁可……，也不……
我宁愿死也不要向海伦道歉。
I’d rather die than apologize to Helen.
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
A person with a great attitude and less impressive ability
can always practice and develop awesome ability.
(Line 6, Para. 4)
因为一个态度端正、能力稍差的人可以不断练习，从
而培养出非凡的才能。
with a great attitude and less impressive ability 是介词短
语作后置定语，修饰person。介词短语作后置定语在
英语中很常见。
In came a woman with a baby in her arms.
He watched a film about the life of workers.
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
To be a great musician is to be in school forever.
(Line 1, Para. 5)
要成为一名伟大的音乐家就意味着要不断学习。
to do 不定式可以作主语也可以作表语。
To err is human, to forgive, divine. （作主语）
The problem is to find the right person for the job.（作
表语）
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
The great Beethoven, near the end of his life, received as a
gift, the complete works of Handel, a composer he had long
admired.
(Line 3, Para. 5)
伟大的贝多芬在临终前收到了一份礼物——他仰慕已
久的作曲家亨德尔的作品全集。
receive sth. as a gift: 收到某物作为礼物
句中the complete works of Handel 为receive 的宾语，
因其较长，所以放在了后面，把as a gift 前置。
a composer he had long admired 是Handel 的同位语，he
had long admired 为定语从句，修饰先行词composer。
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
Along with that talent must come the desire to work and
improve.
(Line 5, Para. 7)
和才华同样重要的是努力和提高的愿望。
介词短语放置句首，构成倒装语序，该句子的正常语
序为：The desire to work and improve must come along
with that talent.
Only in this way can our team win!
In no condition could we agree to such a principle.
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
Of course, when talent is exercised and developed into great
musical skill, the result is “Wow!”
(Line 7, Para. 7)
当然，当才华得以施展并成为伟大的音乐技能时，听
众将会为其叫绝。
exercise: v. to use or apply power, right, quality, etc. that
you have 运用；行使
人们被鼓励行使他们的投票权利。
People are encouraged to exercise their right to vote.
句中的 “Wow!” 表示一种肯定和称赞。
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
I have an endless appreciation for great musicians, and
always consider it a privilege to work with them.
(Line 1, Para. 8)
对于伟大的音乐家，我总是心怀无限的敬仰，总是觉
得能够和他们合作是我无上的荣幸。
consider it a privilege to do sth.: 认为做某事是一种荣幸
其中it 是形式宾语，to do sth. 是真正的宾语。在该句
话中，真正的宾语是to work with them。
I find it easy to get along with him.
He didn’t feel it necessary to mention this to his wife.
Passage B
develop
– What makes a great musician?
(Line 3, Para. 2)
v. to design or make a new idea, product, system, etc. 形成（
观点）；制定（计划）
她本该已经形成了自己的风格而不是去抄袭别人的。
She should have developed her own style instead of
copying others.
Passage B
well-meaning
– What makes a great musician?
(Line 6, Para. 3)
adj. intending to be helpful, but not succeeding 本意良好的;
出于好意的
很多问题可能是由出于好意的朋友们造成的。
A lot of problems can be caused by well-meaning
friends.
Passage B
warn
– What makes a great musician?
(Line 7, Para. 3)
1) v. to tell sb. that sth. bad or dangerous may happen so that they
can prevent it 警告; 告诫warn sb. of / about sth.: 告诫某人某事
我已经警告过你有危险了，但是你还是去了那里。
I have already warned you of the danger but you still go
there.
2) warn sb. not to do sth.: 告诫某人不要做某事
我警告你不要独自走路回家。
I warned you not to walk home alone.
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
make a living by doing sth.
(Line 8, Para. 3)
靠做某事谋生
这对老夫妻靠卖蔬菜为生。
This old couple made a living by selling vegetables.
Passage B
– What makes a great musician?
take sth./sb. for granted
(Line 6, Para. 4)
视……为理所当然
玛丽很小心地不把他看做是理所当然的。
Mary was careful not to take him for granted.
电视现在很常见，所以我们都把它看做理所当然的。
Television is so common now that we take it for granted.
Passage B
impressive
– What makes a great musician?
(Line 7, Para. 4)
adj. making you admire because sth. is very good, large, etc.
给人深刻印象的; 令人钦佩的
这些工程师在科学方面取得了令人钦佩的进步。
These engineers have made impressive achievements in
science.
派生词：
impress: v. 给……以深刻印象
-ive 是形容词后缀，意为“有某种属性的；有某种倾
向的”。
attract → attractive; talk → talkative
Passage B
awesome
– What makes a great musician?
(Line 8, Para. 4)
adj. extremely impressive 令人赞叹的
这个地方的景色令人赞叹。
The scenery in this region is awesome.
派生词：
awe: v. 使敬畏；使赞叹
-some 是形容词后缀，意为“引起……的；有……品
质的”。
trouble → troublesome; burden → burdensome;
tire → tiresome
Passage B
– Exercises
 Comprehension
 Vocabulary & structure
 Translation
 Oral work
Passage B
– Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or
false (F).
F 1 Based on the experience with musicians, the writer
provides a quick guide to becoming a good
musician in the passage.
F
2 Those who stuck with music discovered that they
could neither make a living nor enjoy it as a hobby.
F
3 The writer would like to work with a person with
bad attitude and impressive ability.
T
4 Handel was a great composer whom Beethoven
had long admired.
T
5 A great musician can accept helpful criticism and
use it to improve himself.
Passage B
– Comprehension
2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions.
1. How do you understand “truly great musicians are
often truly great people?”
Great musicians know how to accept helpful
criticism and how to use it to improve and grow; they
fill their soul with good things and life experiences;
they have learned how to treat others. All in all, they
have superb musical skills, and great personalities as
well.
2. Why does the writer list talent at last?
A great musician has talent, but not every person
with talent could become a great musician. Talent is
needed along with desire to work and improve.
Therefore, the writer lists talent at last.
Passage B
– Vocabulary and structure
1. Cross out (✘) the word in each group that does not
belong.
✘
1 musician
singer
composer
painter
2 passion
practice ✘
emotion
feeling
3 friendly ✘
type
sort
genre
4 criticism ✘
appreciation recognition
admiration
5 skill
talent
study
ability
✘
Passage B
– Vocabulary and structure
2. Complete the following sentences with proper
prepositions or adverbs.
for
1. He has a great passion ___________
painting.
in
2. Have you ever thought about a career ___________
computer science?
by
3. She makes a living ___________
teaching music.
with
4. The whole room is filled ___________
bright sunlight.
into
5. He has developed ___________
a tall, strong man.
Passage B
– Vocabulary and structure
3. Complete the following sentences with the words given
below. Change the form if necessary.
observation
skilled
practically overestimate
awesome
privilege
discourage
1. The boss ______________Jane’s
ability, and now he
overestimated
finds she cannot do the job well.
2. Misfortune (不幸) like that is enough to ___________
discourage
anybody.
observation of the birds that
3. He made a detailed ___________
visited the garden.
privilege
4. It’s been a(n) ___________
to be involved in such an
important project.
Passage B
– Vocabulary and structure
3. Complete the following sentences with the words given
below. Change the form if necessary.
observation
skilled
practically overestimate
awesome
privilege
discourage
practically jumped out of her chair on hearing
5. She ___________
the news.
skilled
6. It takes years to train a(n) ___________
worker.
awesome jazz band last week—they
7. I saw this ___________
were really great.
Passage B
– Vocabulary and structure
4. Rewrite the following sentences using the structure
“either… or… ”.
either... or... 主要表示选择，意为“或者……或者
…… ；要么……要么……”，用于连接两个性质相同
的词、词组或分句。
Sample: Those who stuck with it have discovered that they
could make a living. They have discovered they
could enjoy making music as a rewarding hobby.
Revised: Those who stuck with it have either discovered
that they could make a living, or that they could
enjoy making music as a rewarding hobby.
Passage B
– Vocabulary and structure
4. Rewrite the following sentences using the structure
“either… or… ”.
1. We can finish the work this week. We can finish the work
next week.
We can finish the work either this week or next week.
_____________________________________________
2. He is drunk. He is mad.
He is either drunk or mad.
_______________________________________________________
3. When the girl is happy, she sings. When the girl is happy,
she dances.
When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.
_______________________________________________________
4. You are going there tomorrow. I’m going there tomorrow.
Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
______________________________________________
Passage B
– Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. I would rather work with a musician with less ability but a
great attitude than with a player who overestimates his
ability and takes success for granted.
我宁愿和能力稍差但态度极好的音乐人合作，也不愿
__________________________________________
意和那些高估自己能力，把成功视为理所当然的音乐
__________________________________________
人合作。
__________________________________________
2. I have an endless appreciation for great musicians, and
always consider it a privilege to work with them.
_______________________________________________
对于伟大的音乐家, 我总是心怀无限的敬仰，总是觉
得能够和他们合作是我无上的荣幸。
_______________________________________________
Passage B
– Translation
2. Translate the Chinese sentences into English with the
help of the words or phrases given in brackets.
1. 一旦你决定做一件事， 就应该坚持下去。(stick with)
You should stick with it once you decide to do
_____________________
something.
2. 保持好心情很重要。(maintain)
maintain a good mood.
It is important to _______________________________.
3. 评委们评定玛丽为歌咏比赛第一名。(rank)
ranked Mary first in the singing contest.
The judges __________________
Passage B
– Oral work
1. Listen to the musical works in the CD-ROM and then
decide what genre they belong to.
rock and roll
classical music
A _______________
rock and roll
folk music
C _______________
folk music
jazz
jazz
B _______________
classical music
D _______________
2. Which genre above do you like best? Why?
Words you may use
• soft
• rousing (令人振奋的)
• modern
• tuneful (悦耳动听的)
• relaxing
• loud
• sweet
• innovative (新颖的)
• exciting
• peaceful
Passage B
– Oral work
Additional information
1. Classical music is the kind of music with a long history and
rich connotations. Melody is the most important part of
classical music. This kind of music is tuneful and balanced
with simple harmony and light accompaniment.
2. Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that originated
and evolved in the U.S. during the late 1940s and early
1950s. It is often very loud. It encourages people to
express their innermost feelings through repeated lyrics.
3. Jazz is rooted in the mingled musical traditions of African
Americans. It has the tradition of improvisation with calland-response patters and rhythmic complexity.
4. Folk music is the manifestation of culture, the heritage of
tradition. It usually tells stories of ordinary people.
Grammar
 The passive voice (被动语态)
 Exercises
Grammar
– the passive voice
被动语态的构成
被动语态的使用场合
要
点
被动语态的可用时态
主动语态变被动语态的情形
Grammar
– the passive voice
被动语态的构成
英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主语
为动作的发出者时，用主动语态；主语为动
作的承受者时，则用被动语态，此时，动作
的发出者前用 by。被动语态常由“助动词
be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
Grammar
– the passive voice
1 被动语态常用于以下4种场合：
1) 不知道动作的执行者。如：
My boss’ office was broken into when he was away on
holiday.
2) 没有必要说明动作的执行者。如：
Six passengers were killed in the car accident.
3) 强调或侧重动作的承受者。如：
Justin Bieber is liked by many young people.
4) 出于上下文和语境的需要，避免中途变更主语。如：
Wang fought Zhang in the men’s singles（男子单打）
and (Wang) was beaten.
Grammar
– the passive voice
2 被动语态可以用于各种时态：
1) 一般现在时。如：
Lee, you are wanted in the office.
2) 一般过去时。如：
The foreign guests were given a warm welcome.
3) 现在进行时。如：
The famous athlete is being treated in hospital.
4) 过去进行时。如：
When I called, tea was being served.
5) 现在完成时。如：
My cell phone has been repaired.
Grammar
– the passive voice
2 被动语态可以用于各种时态：
6) 过去完成时。如：
It was said that the city had been polluted in the 1990s.
7) 一般将来时。如：
We hope that an agreement will be reached this month.
8) 过去将来时。如：
George said that the project would be finished next
year..
9) 将来完成时。如：
Han’s new books will have been published by next
Friday.
Grammar
– the passive voice
3 主动语态变被动语态大致有以下三种情况：
1) 主动句为“主 + 谓 + 宾”结构，需将主动句的宾语
变为被动句的主语，随后将主动语态的动词变为被
动语态。这类句子常有一个 by 引导的短语说明动作
的执行者，如不需要提出动作的执行者，则可省去。
如：
Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
主
谓
宾
The telephone was invented by Graham Bell in 1876.
Grammar
– the passive voice
3 主动语态变被动语态大致有以下三种情况：
2) 主动句为“主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾”结构，变为被动句可
有两种形式，一种是以直接宾语作主语，另一种是
以间接宾语作主语。如：
My father gave me a watch yesterday.
主
谓 宾
宾
I was given a watch (by my father) yesterday.
A watch was given to me (by my father) yesterday.
Grammar
– the passive voice
3 主动语态变被动语态大致有以下三种情况：
3) 主动句为“主 + 谓 + 宾语 + 补语”结构，需将主动
句的宾语变为被动句的主语，随后将主动语态的动
词变为被动语态，宾语补语不变。如：
Last spring, the farmers painted their houses white.
主
谓
宾语
补语
Last spring, their houses were painted white (by the
farmers).
Grammar
- Exercises
1. Complete the following sentences using the passive
voice.
were taken (take) from the survey (调查).
1. The results __________
is delivered (deliver) at about 10:00 a.m. every
2. The mail ___________
day.
had been moved (move) to the
3. When we arrived, the TV _______________
living room.
is being fixed (fix) at the moment. I’m going to
4. My phone ___________
get it from the shop tomorrow.
5. When he arrived home, he was surprised to find his house
_______________
had been broken (break) into.
have been invited (invite).
6. I will go to the party because I ________________
Grammar
- Exercises
2. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
1. The secretary will mail the letters this afternoon.
The letters will be mailed by the secretary this afternoon.
_______________________________________________
2. Someone should wash these dishes right now.
These dishes should be washed right now.
_______________________________________________
3. Mother told Jane a long story.
Jane was told a long story by Mother.
_______________________________________________
4. My wife bought me a new jacket for my birthday.
I was bought a new jacket by my wife for my birthday.
_______________________________________________
5. His sister is looking after him.
He is being looked after by his sister.
_______________________________________________
Writing
 Developing a paragraph by example
 Exercises
Writing
- Developing a paragraph by example
通过举例展开段落是一种常见的段落展开方
法。它是用典型、具体而生动的事例来证明、阐
述一个观点，支持主题句，使段落主题句的抽象
意思具体化，使文章通俗易懂并具有说服力。但
是，在写提供实例的段落时，必须精选例子，使
所举例子恰如其分，准确地说明问题，支持主题
句。
Writing
- Developing a paragraph by example
Sample
It is very difficult to evaluate (评估) a person’s
performance objectively. For example, Linda recently wrote
irresponsible remarks about her teacher because she failed
the course. Her friend Jack wrote a marvelous description of
the same teacher because he received an A in the course.
Both Linda and Jack were not fairly evaluating the teacher.
They were influenced by the grades they earned and were
biased (有偏见的) in their judgment.
Writing
- Developing a paragraph by example
此段的第一句是主题句，说明人们很难做到客观地评
价一个人。接着用 Linda 和 Jack对同一位老师的评价都并
不客观，只是根据取得的成绩而对该老师进行评判的例子
来支持这一观点，展开段落。例子使用贴切典型，恰如其
分.
常用的表示举例的表达如下：
such as, like, for example, for instance, take… for
example, to illustrate, as an illustration, as an example, in
one instance, in other words, that is
Writing
- Exercises
Choose the most persuasive example for each of the
following topic sentences.
1. Many universities have strict policies against cheating
B
on exams. ________
A many students are studying harder than ever before.
B If students are caught cheating, they will be
dismissed from school.
C Teachers spend more time preparing their lessons.
Writing
- Exercises
Choose the most persuasive example for each of the
following topic sentences.
2. This term several useful and interesting courses have
C
been offered. ________
A Students can see slide shows of famous paintings
and hear tapes of famous pieces of music.
B Many students attend these courses actively and
they like the courses very much.
C An introduction to European Culture gives us a lot of
background knowledge of the history of European
philosophy, literature, and art.
Writing
- Exercises
Choose the most persuasive example for each of the
following topic sentences.
3. Environmental protection has become a common
A
concern for society. ________
A Environmental protection has been constantly
mentioned by mass media.
B The number of wild tigers is dramatically decreasing.
C Factories reduce pollution.
Culture express
 Famous musical classics
 Questions
 Additional information
Culture express - Famous musical classics
1. Listen to the musical works in the CD-ROM and then match
them with their composers and the countries they come from.
The Witch Dancers
《女巫之舞》
Tchaikovsky
（柴可夫斯基）
Austria
Johann Strauss II
（小约翰·施特劳斯）
China
Beethoven
Germany
Moonlight Sonata
《月光奏鸣曲》
Hua Yanjun (A Bing)
（华彦钧<阿炳>）
Italy
The Blue Danube
Waltz《蓝色多瑙
河圆舞曲》
Niccolo Paganini
（尼科罗·帕格尼尼）
Russia
Swan Lake
《天鹅湖》
The Moon
Reflected on the
Erquan Spring
《二泉映月》
Culture express - Questions
2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions.
Who is your favorite musician? Why do you like him / her?
My favorite musician is Hua Yanjun (A Bing) because he
created so many great musical works. Erhu and dizi (flute)
are our traditional Chinese musical instruments, and most
of Hua’s famous musical pieces were played with erhu and
dizi. His profound knowledge about traditional Chinese
music helped him create famous musical pieces like The
Moon Reflected on the Erquan Spring, which is liked by a
lot of people all over the world. He, in his own way,
expounded traditional Chinese music thoroughly.
Culture express - Additional information
1. Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) is a Russian composer, who is
generally regarded as one of the greatest musicians his
country has produced and who is ranked among the
outstanding composers of the world. As a versatile composer,
he wrote operas (歌剧), symphonies (交响曲), concertos (协
奏曲), ballets (芭蕾舞曲), etc. and he succeeded brilliantly in
several fields. At least one of his operas, Eugene Onegin (《叶
甫盖尼·奥涅金》) is an acknowledged masterpiece. His
ballets such as The Nutcracker (《胡桃夹子》), Swan Lake
and The Sleeping Beauty (《睡美人》) are also famous all
over the world. Among his orchestral works, his Piano
Concerto No. 1 and his Violin Concerto are among the most
popular world classics.
Swan Lake was composed by Tchaikovsky. As a ballet in three
acts and four scenes, it tells the love story of Odette and
Siegfried, a prince. Swan Lake is one of the finest and most
popular of the ballets that are romantic in theme.
Culture express - Additional information
2. Johann Strauss II (1825-1899) is an Austrian composer,
conductor, and violinist. His father, also called Johann Strauss,
is also a very famous composer, and is now known as Johann
Strauss I. Johann Strauss II became famous for his waltzes
and was known as “the Waltz King.” His most famous work is
The Blue Danube Waltz.
The Blue Danube Waltz is a waltz by the Austrian composer
Johann Strauss II, composed in 1867. Originally performed at
a concert of the Vienna Men’s Choral Association, it has been
one of the most consistently popular pieces of music in the
classical works.
Culture express - Additional information
3. Beethoven (1770-1827) is a German composer and pianist. As
a crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and
Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the
most famous and influential of all composers. His best-known
compositions include symphonies, concertos for piano, piano
sonatas (月光曲), and string quartets (弦乐四重奏曲). He
also composed other chamber music (室内乐), choral works,
and songs.
Moonlight Sonata is a classical musical piece composed by
Beethoven in 1801. Its official name is “Piano Sonata No. 14.”
The sonata is believed to be named by poet Ludwig Rellstab
who, in 1832, had the inspiration on a moon-lit night on the
banks of the Lucerne River.
Culture express - Additional information
4. Hua Yanjun (1893-1950), known as A Bing, is a blind street
musician living in the period of war and turmoil in China. His
profound knowledge about traditional music and great talent
as a musician made him one of the greatest composers in
Chinese history. But his talent was unnoticed until the last
year of his life in 1950. Only three pipa solo and three erhu
solo pieces of A Bing’s own compositions were recorded. His
most famous piece is entitled The Moon Reflected on the
Erquan Spring.
The Moon Reflected on the Erquan Spring was composed and
played by A Bing on the erhu. Shortly before his death in 1950,
two Chinese musicologists recorded the erhu solo. The
recorded work won the 20th Century Classical Chinese Music
Awards (20 世纪华人音乐经典作品奖). The MoonReflected
on the Erquan Spring is a representative work of A Bing.
Culture express - Additional information
5. Niccolo Paganini (1782-1840) is an Italian violinist and
composer. He, as a popular idol, inspired the Romantic
mystique and revolutionized violin technique. Between 1801
and 1807, he wrote the 24 Capricci (《二十四随想曲》) for
unaccompanied violin, displaying the novel features of his
technique.
The Witch Dancers is also one of his famous pieces.