Transcript A Global Perspective

Baroque Era
Music of the Baroque Period
(1600–1750)
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
New Terms
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Chorale
Opera
Oratorio
Ornamentation
Homophonic
Tonality
Figured Bass
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music
Chapter 10 Music of the Baroque Period
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Time-Line
Shakespeare: Hamlet-1600
Cervantes: Don Quixote-1605
Jamestown founded-1607
King James Bible-1611
Newton: Principia Mathematica-1687
Witchcraft trials in Salem, Mass.-1692
Defoe: Robinson Crusoe-171
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Reasons for the Creation of Opera
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Interest in Greek Tragedies
More Theatrical Music
Word Painting in Music
Shifting to a Homophonic Aesthetic
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music
Chapter 10 Music of the Baroque Period
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Baroque Instrumental Music
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Support Voices
Orchestra Created
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Violin Family
Trumpet
Oboe
Flute
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Other Important
Instruments
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Lute
Harpsichord
Organ
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music
Chapter 10 Music of the Baroque Period
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750)
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Composer, Choirmaster, and Organist
Phenomenal Skill with Counterpoint
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His music is still studied today!
Prolific output at the highest level
Bach’s genius was neglected for a time but
was rediscovered in the 19th century
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music
Chapter 10 Music of the Baroque Period
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
The Bach Family
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Bach’s Life
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Born on March 21, 1685 in Eisenach, Germany.
At age 8 he was sent off to school to study
music.
Bach learned how to compose by hand copying
the works of previous masters.
He studied the organ and singing in school.
His first job was as a choirmaster in Arnstadt.
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
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Bach married his second cousin Maria in
1707 - they moved to Muhlhausen.
Bach was a very talented organist and was in
high demand - he was also very picky and
made a lot of his employers angry - he once
wanted to quit working for employer so badly,
he went to prison in order to do so.
Maria died in 1721.
Bach then married Anna Magdalena in 1723 she was 20, he was 36.
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
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Soon after they were married, Bach
landed a very good job in Leipzig as the
choirmaster of the St. Thomas School.
Bach had 22 children in all - 12 of whom
died at a young age. 10 with Maria, 12
with Anna Magdalena.
Bach died on July 28, 1750.
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Famous Compositions
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Toccata and Fugue in D minor
St. Matthews Passion
Brandenburg Concertos No. 1-6
Jesu Joy of Mans Desiring
Well Tempered Clavier
Hundreds of works for Organ
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
George Frideric Handel (1685–1759)
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International Man
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Born in Germany
Studied/developed in Italy
Lived (with great fame) in England for 50 years
The Messiah
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Oratorio
His most famous piece
The “Hallelujah Chorus” is from this work
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music
Chapter 10 Music of the Baroque Period
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Other Baroque Composers
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Arcangelo Corelli (1653–1713)
François Couperin (1668–1733)
Elisabeth-Claude Jacquet de la Guerre
(1666–1729)
Henry Purcell (1659–1695)
Antonio Vivaldi (1678–1741)
George Philipp Telemann (1681–1767)
Part IV Listening to Western Classical Music
Chapter 10 Music of the Baroque Period
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
Characteristics of Baroque
Music
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Use of a Basso Continuo - harpsichord and
cello providing the base of the composition.
Emphasized contrasts in texture, pace and
volume.
Strong use of improvisation in both melodies,
and the embellishments of those melodies.
Most importantly - if you hear a harpsichord,
it’s almost always Baroque.
© 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved