Transcript social psychology concept during self esteem

Culture
Joshua Phelps
February 28th 2005
Lecture Outline
Introduction to Culture
Culture and Social Psychology
Social Psychological Concepts and
Variations across Cultures
Acculturation
My Research
Conclusion
Exam Question
Sammenlign individualistiske og
kollektivistiske kulturer med utgangspunkt i
ulike sosialpsykologiske fenomener.
What is Culture?
The shared way of life of a group of people,
including their artifacts (such as social
institutions and technology) and their
symbols (such as communications and
myths) (Berry et al., 2002).
Norwegian Culture
Globalization and Norwegian
Culture
Culture and Psychology
Questions (Hogg & Vaughan, 2005)
Are Western psychological theories valid in other
countries?
Are there psychological constructs that are culture
specific?
How can we evolve a psychology with universal
relevance?
Types of Psychologists dealing with Culture
Cross-Cultural
Cultural
Intercultural
Universal vs. Culture-Specific
Behavior
Etic-emic distinction
Etic Approach (Universal Constructs)
Emic Approach (Culture Specific)
Universals
Berry et al. (2002): Positions, roles,
sanctions, norms
Aberle (1950): Prerequisites of Society
Universals
Fiske (1993): Relational Theory
Communal Sharing
Authority Ranking
Equality Matching
Market Pricing
Cultural Variations in Behavior
Norms
Greetings
Eating Habits
Dress
Amae: Japanese passive love
Emic Construct
Culture and Social Psychology
History of Neglect
Culture Bound
Culture Blind
Culture and Social Psychology
The Cultural Matrix of Social Psychology
(Fiske, Kitayama, Markus, & Nisbett, 1998)
Culture Essential for Survival
Psychological Processes Linked and Bound to
Culture
Matrix Figure
Values
Hofstede (1980)
Power Distance-Egalitarianism
Uncertainty Avoidance
Masculinity-Feminity
Individualism/Collectivism
Schwartz (1992 & 1997)
Openness to Change vs. Conservatism
Self-Enhancement vs. Self-Transcendence
Individualism/Collectivism
Individualism: societal structure and world view
in which people prioritize standing out as an
individual over fitting in as a group member
Collectivism: societal structure and world view in
which people prioritize group loyalty, commitment
and conformity, and belonging and fitting-in to
groups over standing out as an isolated individual
Break Exercise
Hvem er jeg?
5 sentences to describe yourself
Hvem er jeg?
Western Independent Self
I am optimistic.
Interdependent Self
I am Josh’s friend.
I play football on weekends
Cultural variations in social
psychological principles
The Self
Markus and Kitayama (1991): Independent vs.
Interdependent Self
Figure
Evaluation and Self Esteem
Attribution
Cultural variations in social
psychological principles
Conformity
Prosocial Behavior
Cognitive Dissonance
What Happens when Cultures Meet?
Intercultural Contact
Acculturation
Changes in a cultural group or individual as a
result of contact with another cultural group
(Berry et al., 2002)
Acculturation Strategies
Individual Strategies
Assimilation, Integration, Marginalization,
Separation
Societal Strategies
Melting Pot, Multiculturalism, Marginalization,
Exclusion
Figure
Other Issues and Intercultural Contact
Culture Change and Cultural Diversity
Intercultural Conflict
Identity, Identity Confusion, and Identity
Threat
Intergroup Behavior
Stereotypes and Prejudice
Discrimination
Video
Bend it Like Beckham
My Research Involvements
Master’s Dissertation: Resistance to
Persuasion: Principle of Social Proof
Attitudes toward Illegal Immigrants
Ideology and Language in the Public
Discourse
Acculturation Strategies among Pakistani
immigrants
Conclusion
Culture
Interest in Social Psychology
Feedback
Questions
[email protected]
For Exam or Future
Sources
Hogg & Vaughan (2005). Social
Psychology
Berry, Poortinga, Segall, & Dasan (2002).
Cross-Cultural Psychology. Research and
Applications.
Fiske et al. (1998). The Cultural Matrix of
Social Psychology