Transcript Self Monitoring

Effects of Self-Monitoring on Perceived Authenticity in Dyads
Jessica Stetler, MS., Lauren H. Hernandez, BA., Willie J. Hale, Ph.D., Meghan A. Crabtree, MS.,
and David R. Pillow, Ph.D.
Introduction
Self Monitoring
Self- monitoring refers to the extent to which
individuals monitor and regulate their self-presentation
across various interpersonal situations (Snyder, 1974).
Individuals high in self-monitoring are more likely to
adjust their behavior to the situation. On the other
hand, the behavior of individuals low in self- monitoring
should reflect their inner attitudes or dispositions
(Snyder & Gangestad, 2000).
Authenticity
Authenticity can be broadly described as the extent to
which an individual knows and acts in accordance with
their “true self”.
Hale, Pillow, and Hinojosa (2015) found an
intrapersonal, inverse relation between self-monitoring
and self-perceptions of authenticity; this effect was
especially strong with respect to other-directness.
APIM
The Actor Partner Interdependence model (APIM) can be
used in dyadic analysis in order to statistically test
interdependence and bidirectional effects in
interpersonal relationships (Kashy & Kenny, 1999).
Purpose & Hypotheses
Purpose: The present study examines whether the
previously demonstrated negative relationship
between authenticity and self-monitoring extends to
dyadic interactions to address how a target’s level of
self-monitoring influences perceptions of that target’s
authenticity.
H1:
Higher self-ratings of self-monitoring predict lower
partner ratings of authenticity.
H2:
Individuals high in self-monitoring are predicted to be
perceived as less authentic by their partners.
Method
Participants
104 same-sex indistinguishable dyads (61% female).
18- 45 yrs old (M=22 yrs old, SD= 5.04).
Procedure:
Indistinguishable dyads completed measures in person
on self-monitoring, authenticity, and perceptions of
authenticity.
Materials:
1. Self Monitoring (SMS; Snyder and Gangestad, 1986)
SMS uses an 18- item True/False format to assess SM
across: Acting, Extraversion, and Other- directedness.
2. Authenticity (Wood et al., 2008).
The total score for authenticity is calculated by
averaging across all 12 items of the AS.
3. Perceptions of Authenticity (Wood et al., 2008)
Modified for participants to answer the statements with
respect to a partner.
Results cont…
The overall self-monitoring actor effect was marginally significant,
suggesting that high self-monitors, in comparison to low selfmonitors, may have a tendency to perceive their acquaintances as
lower in authenticity. This actor effect was statistically significant
for the other-directedness subscale.
Neither actor or partner effects were obtained for the extraverted
or acting subscales of self-monitoring. However, a significant
partner effect was found with respect to other-directedness—
indicating those high in the construct are perceived by others as
less authentic (see Figure 1).
Results
Path analysis was used to test the actor-partner effects
of target-rated self-monitoring on perceptions of
partners’ authenticity as well as partner’s perceptions of
target authenticity.
Other-directed, extraverted, acting and overall selfmonitoring were analyzed in four separate path
analyses using AMOS (See Table 1).
Note: Figure displays standardized coefficients. Means, intercepts and variances, and paths between
dyad member ratings for self-monitoring and authenticity were simultaneously constrained to be equal,
as is the norm for indistinguishable dyads (Kenny & Lefermann, 2010).
Discussion
Conclusion: The results extend previous intrapersonal findings
to the dyadic realm. Individuals high in the Other-directedness
dimension of self-monitoring were unable to convince partners
that they were authentic.
Future Directions: Future research should seek to evaluate the
presence of this relationship across dyads varying in
demographic, relationship, and personality factors.
For references and additional study information, contact the authors at:
[email protected]