Transcript dr. hernandez` powerpoint

ED 589: Educational Research
Methods
Quantitative Research
Elements
Quantitative Research
•
Quantitative is a term that refers to 2 concepts or
big ideas:
(1)The nature of knowledge—How do
we know what we know.
(2) research methods—How we
collect data.
Quantitative Research
…is based on logical positivism.
In other words there is a set of
stable social facts with one
reality and the reality can be
separated from individuals’
feelings
Quantitative Research Designs
• Experimental and Non Experimental Designs
Quantitative Research Designs
Experimental Designs
– True experimental
– Quasi Experimental
– Single subject
Quantitative Research Designs
– True experimental
• random assignment of the subjects
into either the treatment group or the control group (nontreatment groups)
• The treatment group is given a special
intervention
• Study the effects of the intervention
Quantitative Research Designs
True experimental
Random Assignment into one of 2 or 3 or 4 groups
Student A—>Group A Pretest —>Intervention A—> Posttest
Student B—> Group B Pretest —>Intervention B—> Posttest
Student C—> Group C Pretest —>Intervention C—> Posttest
McM/Sch p. 270
Quantitative Research Designs
True experimental
• 9th graders were Random Assigned into 4 instructional
groups (
– Group 1: explicit word recognition,
– Group 2: explicit comprehension,
– Group 3: Both explicit word recognition & comprehension, and
– Group 4: practiced reading skills without instruction
Quantitative Research Designs
• Quasi Experimental
– To determine a cause and effect
– No random assignment of subjects
– A matched classroom or group to compare
to
Quantitative Research Designs
Example of a Quasi Experimental Study
• Class A —>Pretest—>Interv— Posttest
• Class B —>Pretest—>No Interv— Posttest
»
McM/Sch p. 274
Quantitative Research Designs
•
Non-Experimental Study—>Surveys
– Selects a small sample from a larger
population and administers a questionnaire
– To learn about people’s attitudes, beliefs,
opinions, values, behaviors, habits, ideas
– Describe the incidence, frequency, and
distribution of the characteristics of a
populationTrue experimental
McM/Sch p. 233
Quantitative Research Designs
•
Surveys
–
DESCRIPTIVE: What are the most prevalent
counseling techniques used by high school counselors?
–
RELATIONSHIP: Is there a relationship between
teacher attitude toward discipline and student
satisfaction with the class?
–
EXPLANATORY: Why are the students in one school
achieving better than similar students in another
school?
McM/Sch p. 233
Chapter 3—Methodology
Fundamental research design:
Quantitative
• Subjects
• Instrument
• Procedures
• Data Analyses
– Descriptive Statistics
– Inferential Statistics
Considerations: Designing Your Study
Who do you have access to?
people and sites
You need to make Time for collecting the data and analysis
Resources: copies of questionnaires, or copies of tests,
If mailing: stamps, envelops,
Things to Consider: ordering an instrument or designing
your own instrument