Transcript Source – Responding to Conflict

Conflict Sensitive
Approaches
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
What is conflict?
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
“conflict is a relationship between 2
or more parties (individuals or
groups) who have, or think they
have, incompatible goals”
Source – Responding to Conflict
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
The progression of conflict – Adam
Curle
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Phases/ Stages of conflict
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
What is violence?
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
“violence consists of actions, attitudes,
structures or systems that cause physical,
psychological, social or environmental
damage &/or prevent people from
reaching their full potential”
Source – Responding to Conflict
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Forms of violence (from Kosovo
research)
• Direct violence – intimidation, physical assault,
property damage.
• Non-criminal violence – graffiti, insults, pressure
to sell property
• Intra-ethnic violence – internal censorship, verbal
intimidation & isolation
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Galtung’s classification of violence
• Direct violence
• Structural violence
• Cultural violence
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Why be conflict
sensitive?
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
C-Somalia Tsunami response
• Distribution of fishing gear
• Most INGOs deliver through local authority, while CARE
delivers through local partners
• Governor was not happy with this, and refused to provide
security to our convoys
• Governor propagated rumours that CARE is creating
instability, that we were only distributing part of the
donations, and mobilised ‘community’ to prevent our
distribution
• When we tried to deliver goods we had to hire ‘security’
from this mobilised ‘community’ to prevent them looting
goods
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Analysis
• CARE policy is to use partners rather than local authorities,
other INGOs went through the local authority, who was
distributing to supporters: Should we by-pass corrupt local
authority, or work with them to improve their governance?
• What risk do we expose partners to through this policy,
particularly after we have left?
• What level of trust & communication systems did we have
with the community if they would believe these rumours
and demand an income through security against looting by
them?
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
What is conflict
sensitivity?
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Conflict sensitivity
• Understand the operational context
• Understand the interaction between the
intervention and that context
• Act upon this understanding to avoid negative
and to maximise positive impacts
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
How conflict
sensitive is CARE?
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Applying conflict sensitivity to
programming
• Conduct a conflict analysis (and update it
regularly)
• Link the analysis with the programming cycle of
the intervention
• Plan, implement, monitor and evaluate the
project/programme in a conflict sensitive way.
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
Conflict analysis as the foundation
of conflict sensitivity
• Actors
• Causes
• Profile
• Dynamics
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.
The Do No Harm framework
Defending dignity.
Fighting poverty.